childcare-50years

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3 situations, Catholic lists remained open, as there were greater numbers of relinquished Catholic infants. The maintenance of lists of each Board's approved adopters and the linking of children with adopters was co-ordinated centrally by an Adoption Services Manager or equivalent. Boards also established Standing Adoption Committees/Working Groups to oversee and review adoption policies and procedures. The Assistant Directors of Social Services chaired these and membership included the Principal Social Workers for Fieldwork Services. The mid 1980s saw a move away from the generic model of service delivery and the introduction of specialist Programmes of Care. All Districts created fostering and adoption teams relating to specialist managers within Family and Child Care Programmes of Care. This model was to prevail through further re-organisation of the HSS into general Units of Management in the early 1990s. The years 1968-1988 were characterised by a significant period of retraction for voluntary adoption agencies. In 1980, the Black Committee reported that there were 3 agencies still in operation: • the Church of Ireland Adoption Society for Northern Ireland; • the Poor Sisters of Nazareth Adoption Society; and • the Catholic Family Welfare Adoption Society. In 1974, voluntary societies had placed 49 children for adoption. Placements over the following years reduced, although 1980 and 1983 respectively saw 49 and 51 adoptions placements by voluntary agencies. By the latter part of the 1980s the numbers were steadily falling and stood at 21 placements for 1987. The 1987 Adoption Order, however, relieved voluntary societies of seeking the approval of Boards to their adoption placements and vested in societies the right to provide the welfare supervision of the child until the adoption order was granted. 50 YEARS OF CHILD CARE IN NORTHERN IRELAND 56
3 Adoption legislation, the social context and structure of services 1989-2001 Legislation 1989 - to the present The Children (NI) Order (1995) and its associated regulations and guidance introduced a number of changes, which were to have a direct bearing on adoption services. These included: • the establishment of the Northern Ireland Guardian ad Litem Agency (NIGALA). The Children Order provided for the appointment of a guardian ad litem for a child who is the subject of proceedings specified in Article 60 (6) of the Order. This includes all public law proceedings in respect of children and all proceedings associated with adoption. NIGALA was launched in time for the commencement of the Children Order in November 1996, as a special agency of the then Department of Health and Social Services (DHSS). The main function of the Agency is to establish, organise and manage a regional guardian ad litem service. NIGALA is independent of HSS Boards and Trusts. For the first time, therefore, the role of guardian ad litem within adoption proceedings became entirely independent from that of the placing agency; • the setting up of an Adoption Contact Register to enable adopted people (from 18 years old) and their birth parents or other relatives, where they wish, to make contact with each other; and • the repeal, amendment and insertion of articles in the Adoption (NI) Order 1987, by the Children Order. Most notable was the insertion of a requirement in relation to a child whose father does not have parental responsibility for him/her. The court must now satisfy itself that the father has no intention of seeking a parental responsibility agreement or a residence order in respect of the child and that if he did make such an application, this would be likely to be refused. Whilst the Adoption Order already provided that 'all reasonable steps' should be taken to identify the father of the child, this new requirement brought putative fathers into adoption considerations in a hitherto unprecedented way. 50 YEARS OF CHILD CARE IN NORTHERN IRELAND 57
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50 A Better Future 40 30 20 10 Depa
Page 5 and 6:
PREFACE There is both an acceptance
Page 7: Finally, I am indebted to Mr Selwoo
Page 10 and 11: 1 decisions, taken in the late 1940
Page 12 and 13: 1 1946 which resulted in the Childr
Page 14 and 15: 1 recognition of the effect of the
Page 17 and 18: Chapter FOSTER CARE 2 Background an
Page 19 and 20: 2 adequacy of the supply of foster
Page 21 and 22: 2 residential care to children wher
Page 23 and 24: Both these issues were addressed in
Page 25 and 26: 2 "On balance and taking into accou
Page 27 and 28: 2 Numbers of children fostered and
Page 29 and 30: 2 Safeguarding children in foster c
Page 31 and 32: 2 Prior to the adoption of the Nati
Page 33 and 34: 2 • encourages partnership workin
Page 35 and 36: 2 "The most important general issue
Page 37 and 38: 2 The main achievements in foster c
Page 39: 2 The Human Rights Act 1998, also b
Page 42 and 43: 3 Adoption of Children Act (NI) 192
Page 44 and 45: The social context to 1947 3 Povert
Page 46 and 47: The management and structure of ado
Page 48 and 49: 3 cent were under 2 years. Third pa
Page 50 and 51: 3 baby boy: the child's mother did
Page 52 and 53: 3 The management and structure of a
Page 54 and 55: 3 Adoption (NI) Order 1987 however
Page 56 and 57: 3 figures available show that in 19
Page 60 and 61: 3 The Adoption Allowances Regulatio
Page 62 and 63: 3 population) had been freed or wer
Page 64 and 65: 3 Table 4 - Number of children adop
Page 66 and 67: 3 could be assured within the law t
Page 68 and 69: adoption. In the near future, few p
Page 70 and 71: 3 The post placement and post adopt
Page 72 and 73: 3 professional responsibility for s
Page 74 and 75: 3 Church of Ireland Adoption Societ
Page 76 and 77: 3 • the establishment of speciali
Page 78 and 79: 4 During the 1950s the main concern
Page 80 and 81: 4 • every attempt was to be made
Page 82 and 83: 4 failed, however, to anticipate th
Page 84 and 85: 4 "Boards should seek to reduce the
Page 86 and 87: 4 taken to ensure that these childr
Page 88 and 89: 4 Practice, however, soon establish
Page 90 and 91: 4 • the need for a complaints pro
Page 92 and 93: 4 Kincora, as early as 1967, there
Page 94 and 95: 4 • there were social, economic a
Page 96 and 97: 4 Table 7 - Number of children in c
Page 98 and 99: 4 The Child Welfare Council Report
Page 100 and 101: 4 within homes as a consequence of
Page 102 and 103: 4 The past 50 years have, therefore
Page 104 and 105: 4 The devolved administration, the
Page 107 and 108: Chapter 5 JUVENILE OFFENDING Develo
Page 109 and 110:
5 • the view that imprisonment wa
Page 111 and 112:
5 the order did not appear as a cri
Page 113 and 114:
5 Having commenced with a small gro
Page 115 and 116:
5 The decline in numbers of young p
Page 117 and 118:
5 considerably, juvenile liaison bu
Page 119 and 120:
5 years the percentage of cases giv
Page 121 and 122:
3. Working with young offenders req
Page 123 and 124:
5 remanded or placed in a secure un
Page 125 and 126:
Chapter DISABLED CHILDREN Introduct
Page 127 and 128:
6 In the absence of a full and read
Page 129 and 130:
6 in Northern Ireland designed to p
Page 131 and 132:
6 are known are receiving either ca
Page 133 and 134:
6 other conditions. This became the
Page 135 and 136:
6 cent of children who fell within
Page 137 and 138:
6 Sixteen percent of parents said t
Page 139 and 140:
6 The treatment of handicapping con
Page 141 and 142:
6 Nursing Team) and the Children's
Page 143 and 144:
6 The 1950 Children and Young Perso
Page 145 and 146:
6 them) her young siblings made a j
Page 147 and 148:
6 Legislation and the development o
Page 149 and 150:
6 based homes and hostels. Some chi
Page 151 and 152:
6 The Children Order was implemente
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6 In an ever-changing social contex
Page 155 and 156:
Chapter 7 CHILD PROTECTION Origins
Page 157 and 158:
7 the 1908 Act did not allow such a
Page 159 and 160:
7 under the supervision of a probat
Page 161 and 162:
7 Boards to set up registers on chi
Page 163 and 164:
7 supposed satanic abuse in the Ork
Page 165 and 166:
7 can be uncomfortable to the profe
Page 167 and 168:
7 Work like this is not given much
Page 169 and 170:
7 Alongside these educational progr
Page 171 and 172:
7 the responsibility of one agency
Page 173 and 174:
Chapter SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION & TRA
Page 175 and 176:
8 basic qualification in social wor
Page 177 and 178:
8 proposed a two year generic socia
Page 179 and 180:
8 in Residential Care for Children
Page 181 and 182:
8 CCETSW's report "Care for Tomorro
Page 183 and 184:
• high expectations are placed on
Page 185 and 186:
8 people that are involved across a
Page 187:
8 7. Since the 1990s there has been
Page 190 and 191:
9 Because our society is in the pro
Page 192 and 193:
9 specific commitment to improve co
Page 194 and 195:
9 who wish to work in the care serv
Page 196 and 197:
9 establish a contract with SCIE to
Page 199 and 200:
BIBLIOGRAPHY • ‘Adoption of Chi
Page 201 and 202:
• Department of Health, ‘Adopti
Page 203 and 204:
• O’Halloran, K. ‘Adoption La
Page 205 and 206:
• Tresiliotis, J. Shireman, J. an
Page 208:
ISBN 0-946932-07-7 Published by: De
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