julio 2010 - ANUE

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Abstracts 46 Fundamental Rights and Their New Legal Framework in the EU/ Juan Fernando López Aguilar The most important advance introduced by the Lisbon Treaty in the field of human rights lies in the indirect incorporation of the Fundamental Rights Charter in treaties and the inclusion of a clause that allows the EU adhesion to the European Convention on Human Rights. That is the culmination of a process which began on April 4, 1979, when the Commission presented its first Memorandum of accession of the then European Community to the European Convention on Human Rights. A British lawyer, Hart, wrote that “rights are just worth when their guarantees are also worth”. There is not, thus, rights without legal guarantee. There is no European judicial guarantee without judges genuinely European, in the same way that European citizens do not exist if they are not aware that European integration makes us grow and strengthen the fundamental rights that already belong to us as members of the Member States of the EU. The Universal Periodic Review on Spain in the Field of Human Rights / Xavier Pons Rafols One of the greatest new features incorporated in the creation of the Human Rights Council in 2006, was the establishment of a new universal periodic review mechanism on compliance, by each State, of its obligations and commitments on the human rights field. This new mechanism should be based on objective and reliable information, and should guarantee the universality of the exam and the equal treatment to all States. The report compiling all the information about the human rights system of the United Nations relating to Spain integrates, essentially, the observations and comments made in the bodies of human rights established by treaties. In this sense, there are many aspects in which these organizations congratulate Spain for its performance and its developments; but the same bodies (as the Committee against Torture or the Human Rights Committee) have expressed their concern about some aspects in certain situations related to Spain. Our country must make an important effort in answering to the conclusions and recommendations identified by these bodies. The Iranian state as reactionary regime / Cesáreo Rodríguez-Aguilera For a start, it should be demystified the “progressive” aureole that still evokes the term revolution in certain sectors, -more and more a minority- of the Occidental left-wing. In this sense, the Iranian regime (the Islamic Republic), which describes itself as “revolutionary,” is the opposite of any real emancipatory conception of society. Certainly, the creation of this regime in 1979 was due to a revolutionary process, made from the grassroots, and which made that very different ideological sectors (from Liberals to Marxist) came together. Iranian clerical regime is heavily concentrated in a leadership position, and it benefits from both the absence of liberal historical tradition and from the weakness of the opposition. Rhetoric aside, it has an unmistakable authoritarian dimension, as it always tends to cut off pluralism: the political one (because of the institutional imbalances), the ideological (because of the official doctrinal rigor), the national (as the rights of numerous national minorities are cut off) and the gender one (restrictions that affect women.) Therefore, it seems clear that it is unacceptable to try to “save” a supposedly progressive element of an authoritarian regime that is intrinsically reactionary. Africa: it is still possible to achieve the MDGs / Ana Mafalda Tello On 10th May, the Secretary General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Supachai Panitchpakdi, clearly stated that, before the economic and financial crisis, it was likely difficult to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs); so, nowadays, it is virtually impossible to achieve them. However, in March, he submitted a report entitled Keeping the Promise. In this report is highlighted that some of the poorest countries, including some in Africa, have achieved important successes in relation to the MDGs, which demonstrates that they are achievable counting with the right policies, the adequate levels of investment and the international support. Africa should reaffirm its commitment to peace and security, democracy and good governance. It is essential to put an end to practices such as electoral fraud or unconstitutional changes of government. Africa cannot remain silent when fundamental rights are denied, and the respect for human rights should be one of its main priorities. These are some of the keys to achieve the MDGs. Middle East Strategic Twist / Mateo Madridejos The serious and bloody incident of the flotilla carrying humanitarian aid to Gaza, on the morning of May 31, intercepted and turned off from its route by the Israeli army (Tsahal), emphasized that the strategic situation in the Middle East have changed around rapidly due to both the radical swerve of Turkish foreign policy, in line with the growing Islamism in its government, and to the efforts of the Islamic Republic of Iran to pursue its nuclear program despite the sanctions imposed, for the fourth time, by the UN Security Council (Resolution 1929 of June 9). Another ingredient of the new situation is the attitude of the Government of Benjamin Netanyahu, the most rightwing and intransigent The Prime Minister in the history of Israel, lawyer of expansionism, linked with the extreme right-wing of the colonists, always ready for a show of force, regardless its effects, and whose relations with the Obama Administration are clearly to be improved. The UN Is not Perfect, but It Is Worth it / Joaquim Coca When, in 1945, the United Nations was created, the world’s population was less than 3,000 million people; at present it is around 7,000 million. Just 65 years ago, there were 51 countries that were committed to the defence of peace, human rights, freedom and social progress. Today, there are 192 states forming the UN, four times more; lots of them have emerged from decolonization, and they share the same principles, rights and obligations. The world has changed, but the representative inequalities remain and the great victors of the war impose their conditions. Today nobody doubts that the UN has fulfilled the purpose that justifies it: to prevent a new world war; still, it has not managed to adapt the Organization way of running to the substantial changes recorded in the world in the last 65 years. For instance, the right to veto that gives privilege to the five permanent members of the Security Council is a legal fossil that might have made sense immediately after the war or during the cold war, but not now. The UN does not stop wars or hates, but it attenuates them and, quietly and discreetly, it helps to live with a certain harmony and facilitates the coexistence of the entire international community.
ASOCIACIÓN PARA LAS NACIONES UNIDAS EN ESPAÑA En 1962, y con sede social en Barcelona, se constituyó la Asociación para las Naciones Unidas en España (<strong>ANUE</strong>), una ONG que goza de estatuto consultivo ante el ECOSOC y que ha sido declarada entidad de utilidad pública. Estamos reconocidos por la ONU como nexo principal entre esta Organización y la sociedad civil. Actuamos como punto focal del Centro regional de Información de las Naciones Unidas en Bruselas (UNRIC). Nuestros objetivos fundamentales son: –Divulgar los principios y propósitos de las Naciones Unidas y sus organismos especializados. –Proclamar, difundir y defender los derechos humanos y las libertades fundamentales. –Velar por el cumplimiento de los compromisos de los gobiernos en el marco de las Naciones Unidas para conseguir la paz, la justicia y el desarrollo. ACTIVIDADES Organizar campañas educativas y de sensibilización sobre derechos humanos, cursos, seminarios, conferencias, etcétera. Publicar libros sobre relaciones internacionales, conflictos, derechos humanos, material didáctico para colegios, revistas, anuarios, etcéra. Dar la voz a los jóvenes a través del Catalonia Model United Nations (C’MUN), una simulación de la Asamblea General y los principales órganos de las Naciones Unidas donde poner en práctica los conocimientos y habilidades de diálogo y buenos oficios entre jóvenes de todo el mundo. Fomentar la Responsabilidad Social, tanto de la empresa ante la sociedad, como del sector público y de las ONG. PARTICIPACIÓN EN ORGANIZACIONES INTERNACIONALES, ESPAÑOLAS Y CATALANAS La Asociación fue admitida en el seno de la Federación Mundial de Asociaciones para las Naciones Unidas (FMANU) en 1963; en la actualidad, la <strong>ANUE</strong> es miembro de su Comité Ejecutivo. La FMANU es la única ONG internacional dedicada a dar apoyo a los principios y propósitos de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, así como a promover las actividades de la organización y de sus organismos especializados. Miembro de la Federación de Asociaciones de Defensa y Promoción de los Derechos Humanos, de ámbito estatal. Miembro fundador del Pacto Mundial en España. Forma parte de cuatro federaciones de asociaciones de ámbito catalán: la Federación Catalana de ONG para los Derechos Humanos, la Federación Catalana de ONG para el Desarrollo, la Federación Catalana de ONG para la Paz, y la Federación Catalana de Voluntariado Social. Forma parte del Consell de Benestar Social del Ayuntamiento de Barcelona. INSTITUCIONES COLABORADORAS Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación, Generalitat de Catalunya, Diputación de Barcelona, Ayuntamiento de Barcelona. AYUNTAMIENTOS Amposta, Badalona, Barberà del Vallès, Barcelona, Castelldefels, Cornellà de Llobregat Esplugues de Llobregat, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Girona, Lleida, Lloret de Mar, Manlleu, Martorell, Mataró, Molins de Rei, Mollet del Vallès, Ripollet, Rubí, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Terrassa, Viladecans, Vilafranca del Penedès. SOCIOS PROTECTORES Laboratorios Dr. Esteve, I.E.S. Joan d’Austria, Biblioteca de Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya, Ideograma, Col·legi Casp, Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya, Partit dels Comunistes de Catalunya, Fundación Pau i Solidaritat. ASOCIACIÓN PARA LAS NACIONES UNIDAS EN ESPAÑA C/ Fontanella, 14, 1º 1ª 08010 Barcelona Tel. 93 301 31 98 Fax: 93 317 57 68 e-mail: info@anue.org www.anue.org También estamos en: OFICINA EN MADRID C/ Hermosilla, 114, bajos. 28009 Madrid e-mail: info@anue.org LLEIDA Universitat de Lleida C/ Jaume II, 73. 25001 Lleida Tel. 9733238658 Responsable: Antoni Blanc, presidente ARAGÓN Junta Municipal Actur - Rey Fernando C.C. Río Ebro María Zambrano, 56 50018 Zaragoza Tel. 638 04 18 92/893 e-mail: anuesport@anuesport.com www.anuesport.org Responsables: Jesús Arroyo Salvador Fernando López Sierra Puntos de información: GALICIA IGADI (Instituto Galego de Anàlise e Documentación Internacional) Avda. Joselín, 7, puerta 3 5o. 36300 Baiona. Coruña. Tel. 986/357 23 38 Responsable: Xulio Ríos, director
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julio 2010 - ANUE

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