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4 3 2 1 0 log 2 Nb 3 Sn V Nb Ta La Os ZrMoTh Re Pb Tl InSn Hg Zn Ga Tl-2223 V 3 Si Y-123 Tl-2201 Bi-2212 (LaSr) 2 CuO 4 log T c , measured -1 -1 0 1 2 3 4 Ðèñ. 7.2. Ñðàâíåíèå âû÷èñëåííîãî çíà÷åíèÿ ïàðàìåòðà Θγ 2 ñâåðõïðîâîäíèêîâ ñ äàííûìè èçìåðåíèé êðèòè÷åñêîé òåìïåðàòóðû. Ïî îñè àáñöèññ - èçìåðåííîå çíà÷åíèå êðèòè÷åñêîé òåìïåðàòóðû ñâåðõïðîâîäíèêîâ, ïî îñè îðäèíàò - ëîãàðèôì ïàðàìåòðà Θγ 2 . âèäíî èç ðèñóíêà (7.2), ãäå ïðåäñòàâëåíà çàâèñèìîñòü ðàññ÷èòàííûõ ïî ôîðìóëå (68) çíà÷åíèé ïàðàìåòðà Θγ 2 îò èçìåðåííîé êðèòè÷åñêîé òåìïåðàòóðû ñâåðõïðîâîäíèêîâ. Ñïëàâû Nb 3 Sn è V 3 Si ìîæíî ñ÷èòàòü ñâåðõïðîâîäíèêàìè II ðîäà ïî îïðåäåëåíèþ. Ïîýòîìó òî, ÷òî îíè ðàñïîëàãàþòñÿ â ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåé îáëàñòè íàä Nb, ïðåäñòàâëÿåòñÿ âïîëíå íîðìàëüíûì. Íåêîòîðîå ïðåâûøåíèå âû÷èñëåííîãî çíà÷åíèÿ êðèòè÷åñêîé òåìïåðàòóðû íàä ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíî èçìåðåííûì äëÿ êåðàìèêè T a 2 Ba 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10 ìîæíî ñïèñàòü íà òî, ÷òî â èçìåðåííóþ âåëè÷èíó òåïëîåìêîñòè, âîçìîæíî, âíîñÿò ýëåêòðîíû äðóãèõ ïðîâîäÿùèõ, íî íåñâåðõïðîâîäÿùèõ ýëåìåíòîâ (ñëîåâ) êåðàìèêè. Íå ÿâëÿåòñÿ íîâûì è òî, ÷òî ýòà êåðàìèêà, 125
òàêæå êàê è êåðàìèêà Y Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7 , îòíîñèòñÿ ê ñâåðõïðîâîäíèêàì II ðîäà. Îäíàêî êåðàìèêè (LaSr) 2 CuO 4 , Bi−2212 è T l−2201, ñîãëàñíî ýòîìó ðèñóíêó, ñëåäóåò ñ÷èòàòü ñâåðõïðîâîäíèêàìè I ðîäà, ÷òî ÿâëÿåòñÿ íåñêîëüêî íåîæèäàííûì. 126
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Áîðèñ Âàñèëüåâ ÑÂÅ
Page 5 and 6:
4 Îãëàâëåíèå 3. Íóëå
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Ãëàâà 1 Ìîæíî ëè òåî
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ïðèâåëî ê ôîðìèðîâ
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ðåçóëüòàòàì èõ èññ
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1. 2. ýêñïåðèìåíòàëü
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4. Õàðàêòåðíûå ñâîé
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íàïðèìåð, îáúÿñíåí
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Ãëàâà 2 Ââåäåíèå Ñâ
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îáúåäèíÿþùèõ àòîìû
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1. Ñâåðõïðîâîäèìîñò
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âàæíûé ïðîðûâ â îòê
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ñîïðîòèâëåíèå äîëæ
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2. Îòêðûòèå ñâåðõïð
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÷åì ÷èùå ìåòàëë. Ïî
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Ãëàâà 3 Îñíîâíûå âå
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Ñëåäóåò îòìåòèòü, ÷
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Ïðèìåíåíèå îïåðàöè
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Äåéñòâèòåëüíî, â ñâ
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2. Òåîðèÿ Ãèíçáóðãà-
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Âàæíûì øàãîì â ÃË-ò
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3. Ýêñïåðèìåíòàëüíû
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Ïåðåâåñòè ñâåðõïðî
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Ðèñ. 3.2. Íèçêîòåìïåð
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Çàïèøåì ïàðàìåòð ï
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0.622 log T c 0.621 0.620 0.619 198
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äðóãèõ ìåòàëëîâ, äë
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íàäåæäà ÷åðåç àìåð
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BCS Sn Ta Nb Ðèñ. 3.5. Òåìï
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Ñ ïîìîùüþ äâóõóðîâ
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5. Íîâàÿ ýðà - ÂÒÑÏ Ç
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òåìïåðàòóðàìè ïåðå
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Ðèñ. 3.7. Èñòîðèÿ ïîâ
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Ãëàâà 4 Î ñâåðõòåêó
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çàäóìàííûé èì ýêñï
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Page 78 and 79: ò.å. êîíöåíòðàöèÿ ñ
Page 80 and 81: ×àñòü 3 Ñâåðõïðîâîä
Page 82 and 83: Ãëàâà 5 Êîíäåíñàò ó
Page 84 and 85: êðèòè÷åñêîé òåìïåð
Page 86 and 87: àíñàìáëÿ ÷àñòèö ÿâ
Page 88 and 89: Â ñèñòåìå óïîðÿäî÷
Page 90 and 91: óïîðÿäî÷åíèå íóëåâ
Page 92 and 93: Ò.å. äâà êîëëåêòèâè
Page 94 and 95: Уровень энергии Фе
Page 96 and 97: ìåæäó èîíàìè L âåëè
Page 98 and 99: Â ýòîì ñëó÷àå èìååì
Page 100 and 101: Â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ òå
Page 102 and 103: Ãëàâà 6 Êðèòè÷åñêèå
Page 104 and 105: 1.0 log T c Pb 0.5 Sn In Hg Tl 0.0
Page 106 and 107: è âîçáóæäåííîãî, õà
Page 108 and 109: Ýòî ðåøåíèå âåñüìà
Page 110 and 111: äëÿ ñâåðõïðîâîäíèê
Page 112 and 113: 4. Ïëîòíîñòü ñâåðõï
Page 114 and 115: Òàêèì îáðàçîì, ïëîò
Page 116 and 117: ñâåðõïðîâîäíèê λ F ,
Page 118 and 119: êîãåðåíòíîñòè ξ = v F
Page 120 and 121: Ãëàâà 7 Äðóãèå ñâåð
Page 122 and 123: Â ïåðåõîäíûõ ìåòàë
Page 124 and 125: 2 log Tc(calc) V 1 0 Ir Al Tl Zn Ru
Page 128 and 129: Ãëàâà 8 Ñêîððåêòèðî
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Page 132: superconductors λ L ,10 −6 cm ˜
Page 135 and 136: îíè ëîêàëèçîâàíû: (1
Page 137 and 138: âèäíî, ÷òî äëÿ ïîëó
Page 139 and 140: Ïîýòîìó ïðåäñòàâëÿ
Page 141 and 142: Ðàññìîòðèì ïîäðîáí
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Page 147 and 148: Ïðè ýòîì äëÿ ãåëèÿ-3
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Page 155 and 156: 3. Ïëîòíîñòü æèäêîã
Page 157 and 158: 6. Òåìïåðàòóðà êèïå
Page 160 and 161: Ãëàâà 13 Îöåíêà ñâîé
Page 162: Òî, ÷òî ÿäåðíûå ìîì
Page 165 and 166: 1. Ñâåðõ-ÿâëåíèÿ Äî
Page 167 and 168: íîñèòåëåé è êðèòè÷
Page 170 and 171: Ëèòåðàòóðà [1] Ãèëüá
Page 172 and 173: [57] Êèêîèí È.Ê è äð: Ò
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