Katalogisering och klassificering av sagor och folklore - BADA

Pettee tar också upp flera tänkbara syften med katalogiseringen av litteratur. I och med
att varje katalog gjordes speciellt för den boksamling den skulle gälla för kom det att
utformas många olika metoder för katalogisering, var och en ultimat för sitt eget syfte,
men ingen som var universellt tillämplig.
Each catalog was compiled for its own collection. [- - -] In the history of European
libraries catalogs of books have served various needs. In studying the purposes for
which they were made we can sift the different factors in the entries and can note the
growing differentiation of author, subject, and title elements.
The first purpose served by the catalog was purely that of an inventory list. Books
were valuable property to be accounted for to anoverlord together with other
possessions. [- - -]
Later, in the medieval monastic lists, we occasionally find some attempt at a
systematic arrangement by authors. Here we see a new purpose emerging. The list is
coming to be used not only as a register of property but as a finding list arranged for
ready access to the books. 54
Hon talar om tre stadier inom utvecklingen av katalogiseringsmetoder:
In the evolution of catalogs we can clearly distinguish three stages corresponding to
the purposes for which they were made. The first purpose was to account for
property. The catalog is an inventory list. This function has now been completely
taken over by a supplementary list, the shelf-list. In the second stage purpose is to
provide a finding-list for particular books. [- - -] A third purpose, that of assembling
literary units, has come to the front as important, and our term ”main entry”
recognizes this as a primary function. In this third stage our catalogs are highly
developed instruments. Author, subject, and title entry are now clearly differentiated.
Authorship determines the main entry. We have relegated the finding-list function to
”secondary entries,” where the main entry is inadequate for quickly ”finding” the
individual book. 55
Angående problemet som vi tittar på i denna uppsats, katalogisering av dokument utan
enskilda definierade upphovsmän, skriver hon vidare:
Books, in the Western world, are primarily associated with the man responsible for
their creation. This is sound psychology from which there has been no important
deviation. Where the author is an individual and the authorship is known, the
personal entry under author, from the very beginning of European cataloging
practise, has taken precedence over title or any other entry form. The form of entry
for works without personal authors in evidence is still a matter upon which there is
no general agreement in practise. [- - -]
Thus bibliographical lists from the beginning have dealt with two classes of
literature – books whose authorship is known; and the anonymi, all books where no
personal author is in evidence. The entries for the anonymi, like the entries for the
manuscripts with known authors, are succinct and easily remembered phrases
descriptive of the contents of the manuscripts themselves. 56
Pettee ger några typiska exempel på anonyma författares böcker med dylika deskriptiva
titlar, däribland Questiones in Genesi, Regulae quatuor och Tripartita historia, för att
nämna några tydliga och klargörande exempel. Dessa och ett större flertal andra
katalogiserades emellertid under 1000-talet, när katalogiseringsprinciperna inte kommit
till riktigt fullkomligt, varför de nämns i allra sist i katalogen under samlingsuppslaget
54 Pettee, s. 76
55 Pettee, s. 84-85
56 Pettee, s. 77
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