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ùåãî ê íåìó Ñòåðëèòàìàêñêîãî íåôòåõèìè÷åñêîãî çàâîäà(ÑÍÕÇ).Ïî äàííûì ëåñîóñòðîéñòâà 2006 ãîäà â ñîñòàâå ëåñíûõíàñàæäåíèé â ïðåäåëàõ Ñòåðëèòàìàêñêîãî ëåñõîçàíàñàæäåíèÿ ëèñòâåííèöû Ñóêà÷åâà ñîñòàâëÿåò 317 ãà.Èññëåäîâàíèÿ ïðîâîäèëèñü ëèñòâåííè÷íûõ äðåâîñòîÿõ,ðàñïîëîæåííûõ íà ðàçëè÷íîì óäàëåíèè îò ïðåäïðèÿòèéãîðîäà Ñòåðëèòàìàê, à òàêæå â çîíå óñëîâíîãîêîíòðîëÿ, êîòîðûé íàõîäèòñÿ 30 – 35 êì îò èñòî÷íèêàçàãðÿçíåíèÿ.Â äàííîé ðàáîòå ïðèâîäÿòñÿ ñâåäåíèÿ îá îòíîñèòåëüíîìæèçíåííîì ñîñòîÿíèè ëèñòâåííè÷íèêîâ, à òàêæåìàòåðèàëû ïî êîíñåðâàöèè ìåòàëëîâ ëèñòâåííèöû Ñóêà÷åâàâ óñëîâèÿõ ïðîìûøëåííîãî çàãðÿçíåíèÿ è â çîíåóñëîâíîãî êîíòðîëÿ.Ïðè îáñëåäîâàíèè íàñàæäåíèÿ áûëè îáíàðóæåíûïðèçíàêè ïîâðåæäåíèÿ õâîè ëèñòâåííèöû Ñóêà÷åâà ââèäå õëîðîçîâ è íåêðîçîâ. Â óñëîâèÿõ çàãðÿçíåíèÿ ó íåêîòîðûõäåðåâüåâ èäåò îòìèðàíèå âåòâåé â âåðõíåé ÷àñòèêðîíû, ãäå íàèáîëåå àêòèâíî äâèæåíèå âîçäóøíûõìàññ. Â çîíå óñëîâíîãî êîíòðîëÿ îòìèðàíèå âåòâåé ââåðõíåé ÷àñòè êðîíû íå îáíàðóæåíî. Èçó÷åíèå ñîäåðæàíèÿìåòàëëîâ â õâîå è ïîáåãàõ ëèñòâåííèöû â óñëîâèÿõçàãðÿçíåíèÿ è â çîíå óñëîâíîãî êîíòðîëÿ ïîêàçàëèðÿä îñîáåííîñòåé.Â òå÷åíèå âåãåòàöèè ñîäåðæàíèå Fe, Cu, Cd, Pb âõâîå ëèñòâåííèöû Ñóêà÷åâà â óñëîâèÿõ ïðîìûøëåííîãîçàãðÿçíåíèÿ çàìåòíî îòëè÷àåòñÿ îò êîíòðîëüíûõ ïîêàçàòåëåé.Ñåçîííàÿ äèíàìèêà ñîäåðæàíèÿ Fe, Cd, Pb âõâîå ëèñòâåííèöû â óñëîâèÿõ ïðîìûøëåííîãî çàãðÿçíåíèÿñ óâåëè÷åíèåì êîíöåíòðàöèè îò âåñíû ê îñåíè, àâ êîíòðîëüíûõ ó÷àñòêàõ òàêàÿ çàêîíîìåðíîñòü íå ïðîÿâëÿåòñÿ.Â óñëîâèÿõ çàãðÿçíåíèÿ è êîíòðîëÿ â õâîåêîíöåíòðàöèÿ Cu â ñåðåäèíå è â êîíöå âåãåòàöèè ïðàêòè÷åñêèîäèíàêîâûå.Ñîäåðæàíèå Mn â õâîå âåðõíåé, ñðåäíåé, íèæíåé÷àñòè êðîíû ëèñòâåííèöû Ñóêà÷åâà â óñëîâèÿõ ïðîìûøëåííîãîçàãðÿçíåíèÿ äî ñåðåäèíû âåãåòàöèè âîçðàñòàåò,à çàòåì ïðîèñõîäèò ñíèæåíèå. Òàêàÿ æå êàðòèíàíàáëþäàåòñÿ â ïîáåãàõ I – II – III ãîäà â âåðõíåé,ñðåäíåé, íèæíåé ÷àñòè êðîíû ëèñòâåííèöû Ñóêà÷åâà.Íàèáîëåå âûñîêèå êîíöåíòðàöèè ìàðãàíöà óñòàíîâëåíûâ õâîå è ïîáåãàõ â óñëîâèÿõ çàãðÿçíåíèÿ â èþëå. Òàê,êîëè÷åñòâî ìàðãàíöà â õâîå ñîñòàâëÿåò 251 ìã/êã, à ïîáåãàõ103 ìã/êã.Ðàçëè÷èÿ â ñîäåðæàíèè Fe, Cu, Cd, Pb â ïîáåãàõI – II – III ãîäà ìåæäó êîíòðîëåì è òåõíîãåííûìè óñëîâèÿìèïðîÿâëÿþòñÿ â òå÷åíèå âñåãî âåãåòàöèîííîãî ïåðèîäà.Ìàêñèìàëüíîå íàêîïëåíèå Fe, Cu ïðîèñõîäèò âïîáåãàõ I – II – III ãîäà ëèñòâåííèöû â óñëîâèÿõ çàãðÿçíåíèÿâ êîíöå âåãåòàöèè è Fe ñîñòàâëÿåò 466 ìã/êã, Cu— 14,8 ìã/êã. Ñîäåðæàíèå Fe, Cu â íèõ ïðåâûøàåò êîíòðîëüíûéóðîâåíü â 7 – 8 ðàç. Â çîíå óñëîâíîãî êîíòðîëÿñîäåðæàíèå Fe, Cu â ïîáåãàõ I – II – III ãîäà â âåðõíåé,ñðåäíåé, íèæíåé ÷àñòè êðîíû â ïåðèîä âåãåòàöèè îòâå-÷àëî ïî÷òè ïîñòîÿííîìó çíà÷åíèþ, ïðîÿâëÿÿ ëèøü ñëàáóþòåíäåíöèþ ê óâåëè÷åíèþ.Â óñëîâèÿõ çàãðÿçíåíèÿ â ïîáåãàõ I – II – III ãîäà ñîäåðæàíèåCd, Pb óâåëè÷èâàåòñÿ â òå÷åíèå âñåãî âåãåòàöèîííîãîïåðèîäà: òàê, êîíöåíòðàöèÿ Pb â êîíöå âåãåòàöèèïîáåãàõ Pb I-III ãîäà ñîñòàâëÿåò 5 ìã/êã, Pb1,2 – 1,4 ðàçà âûøå, ÷åì â íà÷àëå âåãåòàöèè, Cd —2 – 2,5 ðàçà.Ñðàâíèòåëüíûé àíàëèç ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ ìåòàëëîâíàäçåìíîé ÷àñòåé èññëåäîâàííûõ â óñëîâèÿõ Ñòåðëèòàìàêñêîãîïðîìûøëåííîãî öåíòðà è â çîíå óñëîâíîãîêîíòðîëÿ ëèñòâåííèöû Ñóêà÷åâà ïîêàçàë, ÷òî êîëè÷åñòâîCd è Pb êîíöåíòðèðóåòñÿ â õâîå è ïîáåãàõ íèæíåé÷àñòè êðîíû áîëüøå.Èíòåðïðåòàöèÿ äàííûõ ïî ñåçîííîé äèíàìèêå ýëåìåíòíîãîñîñòàâà õâîè è ïîáåãîâ ëèñòâåííèöû Ñóêà÷åâàâ óñëîâèÿõ ÑÏÖ îñëîæíÿåòñÿ òåì, ÷òî èçáûòî÷íûìèòåõíîãåííûìè ýëåìåíòàìè ÿâëÿþòñÿ íå òîëüêî òîêñè÷íûåCd è Pb, íî è Mn, Fe, Cu. Ðàçëè÷èÿ ìåæäó êîíòðîëåìè òåõíîãåííûìè óñëîâèÿìè ïðîÿâëÿþòñÿ â òå÷åíèåâñåãî âåãåòàöèîííîãî ïåðèîäà. Â óñëîâèÿõ ÑÏÖ çíà÷èòåëüíîåñîäåðæàíèå ìåòàëëîâ â õâîå è ïîáåãàõ ëèñòâåííèöûÑóêà÷åâà îòðàæàåòñÿ íà îáùåì ñîñòîÿíèè ðàñòåíèé.1. Ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé äîêëàä î ñîñòîÿíèè îêðóæàþùåé ñðåäû ÐåñïóáëèêèÁàøêîðòîñòàí â 2005 ãîäó. Óôà : 2006. -301 ñ.2. Êóëàãèí Þ. Ç. Äðåâåñíûå ðàñòåíèÿ è ïðîìûøëåííàÿ ñðåäà.Ì.: Íàóêà, 1985. 117 ñ. Óðàëüñêèé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé ëåñîòåõíè÷åñêèé óíèâåðñèòåò, Zalesov@usfeu.ru Èññëåäîâàíèå ïåðñïåêòèâíîñòè èíòðîäóöåíòîâïðîâîäèëîñü íà òåððèòîðèè òåïëè÷íî-ïèòîìíè÷åñêîãîêîìïëåêñà (ÒÏÊ) ïðèðîäíîãî ïàðêà «Ñàìàðîâñêèé ÷óãàñ»îðãàíèçîâàííîì â 2003 ã. Îöåíêà ïåðñïåêòèâíîñòèèíòðîäóöåíòîâ âûïîëíÿëàñü ïî ìåòîäèêå Ãëàâíîãî áîòàíè÷åñêîãîñàäà ìîäèôèöèðîâàííîé àâòîðàìè. Ïîêà-Àãðàðíàÿ Ðîññèÿ. <strong>2009</strong>. Ñïåöèàëüíûé âûïóñê 81
Îöåíêà ïåðñïåêòèâíîñòè ðàñòåíèé ïîäêëàññà Dilleniidae íà ÒÏÊ çà ïåðèîä ñ 2003 ïî 2008 ãã.Íàçâàíèå âèäà (ôîðìû)Òîïîëü áåëûé, èëè ñåðåáðèñòûé —Populus alba L.Òîïîëü êîðåéñêèé —Populus koreana Rehd.Òîïîëü ÷åðíûé, èëè îñîêîðü —Populus nigra L.Èâà áåëàÿ —Salix alba L. ô. «Argentea»Èâà Âèíîãðàäîâà —Salix vinogradovii A. Skvorts.Èâà ëîìêàÿ, èëè ðàêèòà —Salix fragilis L. ô. «Bullata»Èâà ïåïåëüíàÿ, èëè ñåðàÿ —Salix cinerea L.Èâà ïóðïóðíàÿ —Salix purpurea L.Èâà ñèçîâàòàÿ —Salix coesia Vill.Èâà Êîõà —Salix kochiana Trautv.Èâà ìîõíàòàÿ —Salix lanata L.Èâà Ëåäåáóðà —Salix ledebouriana Trautv.Èâà Ìèàáà, èëè äàóðñêàÿ —Salix miyabeana SeemenÈâà ðîñèñòàÿ, èëè çàèíäå-âåëàÿ —Salix rorida Laksch.Èâà óäñêàÿ —Salix udensis Trautv.Èâà ÷åðíàÿ, èëè òèõîîêåàíñêàÿ —Salix lasiandra Benth.Èâà Øâåðèíà —Salix schwerinii E. WolfÂàêöèíèóì áîëîòíûé,èëè ãîëóáèêà — Vacciniumuliginosum L. ñîðò «Nelson»Âåðåñê îáûêíîâåííûé —Calluna vulgaris (L.) HullËèïà ìåëêîëèñòíàÿ —Tilia Cordata Mill. (ñàæåíöû èçñîáñòâ. ïîñåâîâ)Ëèïà ìåëêîëèñòíàÿ —Tilia cordata Mill. (ïðèâåçåííûåñàæåíöû)Âûçðåâàíèåïîáåãîâ,áàëëÇèìîñòîéêîñòü,áàëëÑîõðàíåíèåãàáèòóñà,áàëëÏîáåãîîáðàçîâàòåëüíàÿñïîñîáíîñòü,áàëëÏðèðîñòðàñòåíèéâ âûñîòó,áàëëÑïîñîáíîñòüðàñòåíèé êãåíåðàòèâíîìóðàçìíîæåíèþ,áàëë16 – 20 23 5 3 5 í/ä(1)Âîçìîæíûéñïîñîá ðàçìíîæåíèÿ,áàëëí/ä(2)Èíòåãðàëüíàÿîöåíêàóñïåøíîñòèèíòðîäóêöèèí/ä(55 – 59)(ÌËÏ)í/ä (16) í/ä (1) í/ä í/ä í/ä í/ä í/ä í/ä (17)(ÍÏÃ)18 – 20 24 5 3 5 í/ä í/ä í/ä(1) (2) (58 – 60)20 24 10 5 5 í/ä(1)12–16 20–22 5 5 5 25 í/ä(2)16 – 20 23 5 5 5 í/ä(1)16 – 20 23 5 5 5 25 í/ä(2)14 – 18 í/ä(20 – 23)í/ä(2)í/ä(2)5 5 5 25 í/ä(2)16 – 20 22 5 5 5 25 í/ä(2)14 – 20 22 5 5 5 25 í/ä(2)20 25 10 í/ä(3)5 í/ä(1)14 – 20 22 5 5 5 25 í/ä(2)18 – 20 24 5 5 5 25 í/ä(2)14 – 18 22 5 5 5 í/ä(1)14 – 18 22 5 5 5 25 í/ä(2)í/ä(6 – 12)í/ä(10)5 5 1 í/ä(1)10–16 20–23 5 5 5 í/ä(1)í/ä(6 – 10)í/ä(6 – 10)í/ä(20)í/ä(18 – 20)í/ä(10)í/ä(1 – 10)í/ä(25)í/ä(24)5 3 í/ä(1)í/ä(1–5)í/ä(10)í/ä(5)1 í/ä(1)í/ä(1)í/ä(15)1 5 í/ä(1)1 5 í/ä(1)í/ä(2)í/ä(2)í/ä(2)í/ä(2)í/ä(1)í/ä(1)í/ä(1)í/ä(1)(ÌËÏ)í/ä(67)(ÌÍÏ)í/ä(74 – 80)(ÌÍÏ-Ï)í/ä(57 – 61)(ÌËÏ-ÍÏ)í/ä(81 – 85)(Ï)í/ä(76 – 83)(ÌÍÏ-Ï)í/ä(80 – 84)(Ï)í/ä(78 – 84)(Ï)í/ä(66)(ÌÍÏ)í/ä(78 – 84)(Ï)í/ä(84 – 86)(Ï)í/ä(51 – 58)(ÌËÏ)í/ä(78 – 82)(Ï)í/ä(30 – 36)(ÍÏÑ)í/ä(48 – 57)(ÌËÏ)í/ä(27 – 31)(ÍÏÑ)í/ä(26 – 45)(ÍÏÑ-ÌËÏ)í/ä(63)(ÌÍÏ)í/ä(55 – 57)(ÌËÏ)Óñëîâíûå îáîçíà÷åíèÿ: ÑÏ — ñàìûå ïåðñïåêòèâíûå; Ï — ïåðñïåêòèâíûå; ÌÍÏ — ìåíåå ïåðñïåêòèâíûå; ÌËÏ — ìàëîïåðñïåêòèâíûå;ÍÏÑ — íåïåðñïåêòèâíûå; ÍÏÃ — íåïðèãîäíûå; í/ä — íåäîñòàòî÷íî äàííûõ èëè èõ íåò, òàê êàê íóæíû äîïîëíèòåëüíûå íàáëþäåíèÿ.82 Àãðàðíàÿ Ðîññèÿ. <strong>2009</strong>. Ñïåöèàëüíûé âûïóñê
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ISSN 1999-5636Ñïåöèàëüíû
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2 Àãðàðíàÿ Ðîññèÿ. 20
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Ïðîâåäåíèå êîíôåðå
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âåíèå òàêèõ òåõíîã
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Áîòàíè÷åñêèé ñàä Ó
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Íà ôîòî èíæåíåð ëåñ
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Ôîðìîâîå ðàçíîîáðà
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Äíèùà äîëèí. Àáñîëþ
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Ñõåìà ñîäåðæàíèÿ ï
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òåõíîëîãèÿõ ëåñîñå
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Áàøêèðñêèé ãîñóäàð
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Page 37 and 38: ñîçäàåò õîðîøèå ïå
Page 39 and 40: Õàðàêòåðèñòèêà ïîä
Page 41 and 42: Ïî ðåçóëüòàòàì èññ
Page 43 and 44: Òàáëèöà 1. Ïðîöåíò ï
Page 45 and 46: 1Èíñòèòóò áèîëîãèè
Page 47 and 48: Âûñîòà ëèñòâåííîãî
Page 49 and 50: 90 è áîëåå ëåò. Ïîÿâë
Page 51 and 52: Ôèëèàë ÔÃÓ «ÂÍÈÈËÌ
Page 53 and 54: òåëüíî âûñîêàÿ èõ â
Page 55 and 56: ñåÿíöåâ, ñîîòâåòñò
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Page 61 and 62: Â öåëîì âñå òðè âèä
Page 63 and 64: Áàøêèðñêèé ãîñóäàð
Page 65 and 66: ñòå ñ òåì ðåçóëüòàò
Page 67 and 68: îñíîâàíèé ñòâîëîâ,
Page 69 and 70: 1Âñåðîññèéñêèé ÍÈÈ
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Page 73 and 74: ëîêàëèçàöèÿ ñóõèõ
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Page 89 and 90: óñëîâèÿõ ïðè ñðåäí
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Page 93 and 94: Ðàñïîëîæåíèå äåðåâ
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Page 99 and 100: 1Áîòàíè÷åñêèé ñàä-è
Page 101 and 102: ñòèõèéíîé ìíîãîëåò
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Page 105 and 106: — 43,7%, êîëè÷åñòâî ì
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VarietyHealthy (H)/Infected(I)% Les
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êîìïëåêñ (ÅÃÑÊ). Ìíî
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Íàðÿäó ñ íåèìåíèåì
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Â ýòèõ âûáîðêàõ êîë
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äðåâåñíûõ âèäîâ, â
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ñîòåõíè÷åñêîé àêàä
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1. Ìóëäàøåâ A. A., Êó÷å
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ïåïòèäàçû (LAP, E. C. 3.4.
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ñ÷åò óâåëè÷åíèÿ ãå
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÷åðåø÷àòûé, êëåí îñ
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Ïëîòíîñòü è âëàæíî
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ðàäèàëüíîãî ðîñòà
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Ñðàâíåíèå ìîùíîñòè
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Èç áîëåçíåé â ïëîäî
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5. Ôåäîðîâà À. È. Âëè
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Ðèñ. 1. Ñåçîííàÿ äèí
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Áîòàíè÷åñêèé ñàä-è
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âûáðîñîâ ïàðíèêîâû
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Â ñâåæèõ òèïàõ ìåñò
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Òåìíî-ñåðûå ïî÷âû î
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çîâ, ïîä÷åðêèâàÿ ðà
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Ôèëèàë ÔÃÓ «ÂÍÈÈËÌ
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ñòàâëÿåìîé ÃËÖ. Â à
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Ïî âñòðå÷àåìîñòè ë
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Áàøêèðñêèé èíñòèòó
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Òàáëèöà 2. Ðåêîìåíä
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íûõ ñîåäèíåíèé àçî
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Èíñòèòóò áèîëîãèè
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çíà÷åíèÿ. Ïóíêò ïðî
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ëèêòîâûå ñîñíÿêè ó
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øàëî ÷åòûðåõ (300 - 600
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2. Êðàñíîùåêîâ Ã. Ï.
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15 IX 1942, À. Ïëåòíåâà
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æåðòâåííûõ ëóíîê, ñ
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Âåäóùèå ðîäû àëüãî
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Íîðìàòèâû ðåêðåàöè
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âåííûõ ñàíàòîðèåâ
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1979), ðàñïðåäåëåíèå
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Ðèñ. 1. Äèíàìèêà ãîä
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ëè÷åñòâà ðàñõîäóåì
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Ïðîäóêòèâíîñòü íàä
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Áîòàíè÷åñêèé ñîñòà
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Âûõîä áåòóëèíà è ñó
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Âèäÿêèíà À. À., Ñåìå
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Êàøàïîâ Ð. Ø. Ãåîãðà
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