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294 69 77; qronikaqronika@gmail.com<br />
ucnobi qronika<br />
noemberi<br />
gegeWkori, romelsac im dResve 20<br />
seqtembers ecnoba depeSiT<br />
saqarTvelos respublikis warmomadgenlad<br />
daniSvna erTa ligaSi<br />
da saWiro mandatic gaegzavna.<br />
amasTan erTad, depeSiT da calke<br />
weriliT euwya amis Sesaxeb ligis<br />
sabWos mdivans. yvela saWiro masala<br />
saqarTvelos Sesaxeb Jenevis<br />
krebisaTvis warsadgenad adre gaegzavna<br />
ligis sabWos mdivans baton<br />
n. driumans Tanaxmad misi moTxovnisa”.<br />
germaniis mier saqarTvelos<br />
damoukideblobis cnoba<br />
1920 wlis 6 noembris gazeT<br />
„saqarTveloSi” dabeWdilia mTavrobis<br />
Setyobineba, rom 24 seqtembers<br />
germaniis respublikam oficialurad<br />
(de iure) cno saqarTvelos<br />
damoukidebloba. es sasixarulo<br />
ambavi Cvens xelisuflebas berlinSi<br />
saqarTvelos diplomatiurma<br />
warmomadgenelma, batonma axmetelaSvilma<br />
acnoba. rogorc am informaciidan<br />
irkveva, saqarTveloSi<br />
germaniis elCad germaniis so-<br />
vaweobas. germanelebma iseTi amagi<br />
dasdes qarTvel ers, romelic ar<br />
warixoceba mis gulidan aras dros<br />
da STamomavlobas gardaecema, vi-<br />
Tarca samagaliTo nimuSi patiosnebisa<br />
da uaRresi gulwrfelobisa.<br />
germanelebma pirvelebma faqtiurad<br />
amoxazes Cveni saxelmwifoebrivi<br />
sazRvrebi da samagali-<br />
To aqtivoba gamoiCines mis gafar-<br />
Toebis procesSi saqarTvelos istoriul,<br />
ekonomiur-geografiul<br />
da strategiul interesebis mixedviT.<br />
germaniis sardloba samarTlianad<br />
darwmunebuli iyo, rom saqarTvelos<br />
teritoriuli pretenziebi<br />
arsebiTad minimaluri iyo<br />
da savsebiT emyareboda misTvis<br />
miniWebul uflebriv normebs.<br />
gana qarTvel xalxis mexsierebidan<br />
odesme amoiSleba is faqti,<br />
rom im dros, rodesac saqarTvelos<br />
Sesamusravad mrisxaned moiwevda<br />
germaniis oficialuri mokav-<br />
Sire, misi TanamebrZole brwyinvale<br />
porta, romlis jarebi Cvens<br />
dedaqalaqs emuqreboden, _ germaniis<br />
sardlobam realuri mfarv-<br />
mimarTa. wirvaze imyofeboda<br />
Tbilisis garnizonis nawili. giorgobasTan<br />
dakavSirebiT gaimarTa<br />
samxedro aRlumi da jariskacebma<br />
rusTavelis gamzirze samxedro<br />
ministris winaSe ceremonialuri<br />
marSiT gaiares. samxedro ministris<br />
garda aRlums iusticiis ministri<br />
arseniZec eswreboda, romelmac<br />
jariskacebs giorgobis<br />
dResaswauli miuloca da maT sam-<br />
Soblos Tavdacvis saqmeSi warmateba<br />
usurva.<br />
mTavrobis Tavmjdomare noe<br />
Jordanias gankargulebiT, 1920<br />
wlis 11 noembridan saqarTveloSi<br />
SeizRuda avtomobilebiT moZraoba.<br />
rogorc gazeTi „saqarTvelos”<br />
14 noembris nomridan vigebT, es<br />
SezRudva qveyanaSi saTbob-sawvavi<br />
masalis mwvave deficitiT iyo ganpirobebuli.<br />
gamonakliss Seadgendnen<br />
mxolod ucxouri misiis<br />
kuTvnili avtomobilebi.<br />
Tbilisis miliciis ufrosis<br />
gankargulebiT qalaqSi aikrZala<br />
Senobebsa da Robeebze afiSebisa<br />
da gancxadebebis gakvra. gazeT<br />
aramed mSvidobianoba, ara laSqroba,<br />
aramed ekonomiuri mdgomareobis<br />
gaumjebeseba gansakuTrebiT<br />
saqarTvelos mimarT. moskovis<br />
mTavroba, _ romelsac ainteresebs<br />
Savi zRvis zogierTi porti, _ iZulebulia,<br />
yovelgvari uTanxmoeba<br />
Tavidan airidos. saqarTvelos<br />
Cven ZaliT ar vaxvevT Tavze komunistur<br />
weswyobilebas. es sakiTxi<br />
man damoukideblad unda<br />
gadaWras.<br />
sabWoTa mTavrobis wreebSi armiis<br />
Sesaxeb im azris arian, rom<br />
rac SeiZleba male moaxdinon vrangelis<br />
frontis likvidacia da jari<br />
daubrunon nayofier Sromas. es<br />
Sromis laSqari yovelTvis mzad<br />
iqneba, iaraRiT daicvas proletariatis<br />
interesebi”.<br />
rasakvirvelia, orjonikiZe utifrad<br />
cruobda. sinamdvileSi, kavbiuros<br />
xelmZRvanels saqarTvelos<br />
damoukideblobis gagonebac<br />
ar surda da yvelafers akeTebda,<br />
raTa Cvens qveyanaSi sabWoTa xelisufleba<br />
damyarebuliyo. saqarTvelos<br />
okupaciis mcdeloba sergo<br />
orjonikiZes, jer kidev, 1920<br />
wlis maisSi hqonda. azerbaijanis<br />
gasabWoebis Semdeg wiTeli armiis<br />
nawilebma saqarTvelos Seuties,<br />
magram bolSevikebi qarTul armiasTan<br />
sasazRvro brZolaSi damarcxdnen.<br />
garda amisa, garTulebuli<br />
sagareo mdgomareobis gamo,<br />
orjonikiZis iniciativas maSin<br />
moskovma mxari ar dauWira da sergo<br />
iZulebuli gaxda, ukan daexia.<br />
erTa liga da saqarTvelo<br />
1920 wlis 3 noembers gazeTi „saqarTvelo”<br />
erT mniSvnelovan informacias<br />
beWdavs, romelic erTa<br />
ligas exeba. erTa liga dRevandeli<br />
gaeros winamorbedi saer-<br />
TaSoriso organizacia iyo, romelic<br />
pirveli msoflio omis Semdeg<br />
gamarjvebulma saxelmwifoebma Seqmnes.<br />
wesdebis Tanaxmad, ligis wevri<br />
saxelmwifoebi valdebulebas<br />
iRebdnen, erTmaneTs gare agresiis<br />
SemTxvevaSi daxmarebodnen. erTa<br />
ligaSi saqarTvelos gawevrianeba<br />
saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis mier<br />
Cveni qveynis damoukideblobis<br />
srulfasovan cnobasa da sagareo<br />
safrTxeebis Tavidan acilebis<br />
SesaZleblobas iZleoda.<br />
rogorc sagazeTo publikaciidan<br />
irkveva, 1920 wlis 20 seqtembers<br />
saqarTvelos mTavrobis Tavmjdomarem<br />
erTa ligis samdivnosgan<br />
oficialuri Setyobineba miiRo,<br />
rom 15 noembers JenevaSi ligis<br />
pirveli sxdoma Catardeboda da am<br />
sxdomaze saqarTvelos warmomadgenelsac<br />
iwvevdnen: „...am krebaze<br />
iqneba aRZruli da garCeuli saqarTvelos<br />
respublikis ligis wevrad<br />
miRebis sakiTxi. SesaZloa, swerda<br />
sabWos mdivani, krebam moisurvos<br />
Tqveni sakiTxis Sesaxeb sityvieri<br />
ganmartebis mosmena, amisTvis<br />
saWiroa daniSnoT Tqveni warmomadgeneli.<br />
mTavrobam aseT warmomadgenlad<br />
daniSna am Jamad evropaSi myofi<br />
sagareo saqmeTa ministri e.<br />
cial-demokratiuli partiis cnobili<br />
wevri, udris rauxeri daini-<br />
Sna.<br />
ukve 7 noembers gazeTi „saqar-<br />
Tvelo” am faqts didi statiiT gamoexmaura,<br />
sadac aRniSnulia, rom<br />
germania yovelTvis iyo saqarTvelos<br />
uangaro megobari da swored<br />
germania uwevda daxmarebas Cvens<br />
axalgazrda respublikas damoukideblobis<br />
gamocxadebis pirvel<br />
dReebSi. amonaridi statiidan:<br />
„qarTveloba ver daiviwyebs im<br />
dros aq myof germanel sardlobisa<br />
da sazogadoT jaris moR-<br />
eloba aRmouCina saqarTvelos da<br />
kategoriuli brZanebiT SeaCera<br />
gaTamamebuli osmaleTi! SeiZleba<br />
gadaWriT iTqvas, rom mxolod germaniis<br />
jarebi faqtiurad icavdnen<br />
im Znel drois saqarTvelos<br />
miwa-wyals! maTi meoxebiT SevZeliT<br />
Segveqmna reguliaruli militaruli<br />
Zala, mogvewyo saxelmwifoebrivi<br />
normebi da gangvemtkicebina<br />
marTva-gamgeobis aparati...”<br />
mokle ambebi<br />
italiis saaviaco qarxanam, romlisganac<br />
saqarTvelos mTavrobam<br />
1920 wlis zafxulSi ramdenime haeroplani<br />
Seisyida, Cvens qveyanaSi<br />
piloti antonio levantino da meqanikosi<br />
Zemalini gamoagzavna.<br />
rogorc gazeTi „saqarTvelo” iuwyeba,<br />
italielebi qarTvel pilotebs<br />
uaxlesi safreni aparatis<br />
marTvis SeswavlaSi daexmarebodnen<br />
da maT teqnikur daxmarebas<br />
gauwevdnen.<br />
23 noembers saqarTveloSi giorgoba<br />
aRniSnes. qaSueTis eklesia-<br />
Si saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma<br />
leonidem sadResaswaulo<br />
wirva Caatara. wirvis Semdeg gadaixades<br />
paraklisi, sadac kaTolikosma<br />
mrevls mxurvale sityviT<br />
„saqarTvelos” 19 noembris nomer-<br />
Si dabeWdil am gankargulebaSi mi-<br />
TiTebulia, rom afiSebisa da sxva<br />
sareklamo masalis ganTavseba mxolod<br />
specialur saafiSo svetebze<br />
iyo nebadarTuli. „ubrZaneT<br />
komisrebs, rom am brZanebis Sesrulebas<br />
sastiki Tvalyuri adevnon<br />
da sadac gakrulia gancxadebebi<br />
dRemde dauyovnebliv moafxekinon<br />
saxlis an sadgomis patronebs da<br />
an maT meezoveebs. sami dRis Semdeg,<br />
dReis ricxvidan, komisrebi<br />
da maTi TanaSemweebi, am brZanebis<br />
SeusrulebaSi SeniSnulni, Cem mier<br />
iqnebian dasjilni”, _ naTqvamia<br />
Tbilisis miliciis ufrosis gancxadebaSi.<br />
1920 wlis 27 noembris gazeT<br />
„saqarTveloSi” gamoqveynebuli<br />
cnoba mkiTxvelebs auwyebs, rom<br />
momavali wlis, anu 1921 wlis 25<br />
noembridan myardeboda satelefono<br />
kavSiri Tbilisi-axmeta-Telavs<br />
Soris. rogorc irkveva, Tavdapirvelad,<br />
moqalaqeebs am xazze<br />
telefoniT saubari dRis mxolod<br />
garkveul periodSi SeeZlebodaT.<br />
miTiTebulia sasaubrod xelmisawvdomi<br />
saaTebic: dilis 9-dan 10<br />
saaTamde; dRis 13-dan 14 saaTamde<br />
da saRamos 17-dan 18 saaTamde.<br />
N17 (<strong>278</strong>) 21.05-27.05.2019 w.<br />
37
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