TCAR - Typhoon Committee

78
ESCAP/WMO
Typhoon Committee Annual Review 2009
2.2.1 Meteorological Achievements/Results
PRECIS (Providing Regional Climates for Impacts
Studies)
The Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies
(PRECIS) regional climate model is being run at the
Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD) and the
National University of Malaysia to study the impacts of
various climate change scenarios for the 21stcentury
over the South East Asian region. Lateral boundary
data of future projection scenarios used are the
HadCM3 ocean-atmospheric coupled projection
(A1B scenario) and the HadAM3P atmospheric only
(B2 and A2 scenarios) projection. The simulations
were done for the South East Asian region at a
horizontal resolution of 50 kilometers. Modifications
were done to PRECIS in order to accommodate
ECHAM5 lateral boundary data from the Max Planck
Institute of Germany. The present version has also
been configured to be able to run parallel on
a Linux cluster at the Malaysian Meteorological
Department. With the parallel run capability, the
simulation period is expected to be drastically
reduced and the simulations can be conducted at a
higher horizontal resolution of 25 kilometers.
The simulations output produced by using PRECIS
at the MMD and other organisations such as the
National University of Malaysia and the Vietnam
Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment
(IMHEN) are stored in a server at the MMD and can
be accessed by researchers interested to use the
data.
2.2.2 Hydrological Achievements/Results Flood
Forecasting and Warning (Operation)
Flood forecasting operations were carried out during
the flood seasons by the respective DID state offices
with technical assistance from the National Flood
Forecasting Center at DID Headquarter. The river
basins, which have been provided with forecasting
models, are summarized in Table 5.
Some of the flood forecasting models have been
revised in order to improve their performance.
Flood forecasting models for Johor River, Muar
River and Batu Pahat River are currently being revised
using the real time computerized HEC-HMS.
Table 5 The river basins with forecasting models.
River
Basin
1. Muda
River
2. Perak
River
3. Muar
River
4. Batu Pahat
River
5. Johor
River
6. Pahang
River
7. Kuantan
River
8. Besut
River
Catchments
Area
(km 2 )
Number of
Forecasting
Point
Fore casting Model
4,300 2 Stage Regression
14,700 3 Stage Regression
6,600 2
Linear Transfer
Function
2,600 2 Stage Correlation
3,250 2 Regression Model
29,300 3
Linear Transfer
Function and
Stage Regression
(back-up)
2,025 1 Tank Model
1,240 1 Stage Regression
2.2.3 Disaster Prevention and Preparedness
Achievements/Results
Rapid development, unplanned urbanization,
climate change and environmental degradation
have caused worse and more frequent occurrence
of flash floods especially in urban areas. Apart
from conventional Flood Mitigation Projects,
the Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel
(SMART) was constructed as an innovative solution
to alleviate the problem of flash flood in the Kuala
Lumpur city center. The 9.7 km tunnel integrates
both storm water management and motorway with
the same infrastructure. The SMART system diverts
large volumes of floodwater from entering this critical
stretch of traffic at the city center via a holding pond,
bypass tunnel and storage reservoir, preventing
spillover during heavy downpours.
2.2.4 Research, Training, and Other
Achievements/Results
The ASEAN Regional Workshop on PRECIS
(Providing Regional Climates for Impacts Studies)
was conducted at the Malaysian Meteorological
Department in October this year. The objectives of the
workshop are for the Southeast Asian PRECIS users
to verify their output and exchange experiences
among the users, especially on how these outputs
can be used to formulate adaptation strategies for
the countries concerned and as input to the national
communication to the UNFCCC. It also discusses the
application of analysis tools, and suitable and
reliable manner of using the simulation output.