47. Women who are menstruating or in afterbirth cannot make bread. Until recent times they could not enter a church. 48. Tiberiu Alexa, personal communication, Baia Mare, April 1996. 49. Balas, ibid., p. 36. 50. “Customs and meanings <strong>of</strong> Easter,” Siua, May 4, 2002 (tr. G. Tillman) 51. Shanes, ibid., pp. 74-76. 52. Jack Burnham, Beyond Modern Sculpture: The Effects <strong>of</strong> Science and Technology on the Sculpture <strong>of</strong> this Century (New York: George Braziller, 1968), p. 86: “As early as 1912 the critic Jacques Doucet realized that the subtlety <strong>of</strong> these near egg forms by Brâncu_i was accentuated by slight impressions and textures that interrupted otherwise symmetrical surfaces. If the ovoid form, polished and gleaming, is the perfect collector <strong>of</strong> light, then any imperfection on its surface would act as a premonition, a visual hint <strong>of</strong> the forces <strong>of</strong> internal organization harbored within.” 53. Tismana monastery, founded in 1375, the oldest monastery in Romania, is located very near Brâncu_i home village <strong>of</strong> Hobi_a (Dan Richardson and Tim Burford, Romania : The Rough Guide, 1995, p. 101). The frescos, extant in Brâncu_i’s childhood on the walls <strong>of</strong> the church, have been removed and are now part <strong>of</strong> a little museum display ina separate building on the grounds <strong>of</strong> the monastery. 54. Brâncu_i applied for French citizenship, giving up his Romanian passport, a few months after the Academy <strong>of</strong> the Popular Republic <strong>of</strong> Romania rejected the artist’ <strong>of</strong>fer to donate to the “ . . . Art Museum <strong>of</strong> the Republic <strong>of</strong> the works by the sculptor Brâncu_i, around whom are gathered all the anti-democrats in the field <strong>of</strong> arts” (Brezianu, ibid, pp. 12). 55. c. 1948, according to, Brezianu, ibid., pp. 12: “Ten years after making this present to his country—the communist regime, through its handymen, <strong>of</strong>fended him repeatedly, beginning with the unsuccessful attempt <strong>of</strong> the major <strong>of</strong> Tirgu Jiu to pull down the Column, inorder to be melted . . . . “ In a lengthy interview with Claudia Ploscu (published in Adevarul Literar si Artistic, nr. 570, June 6, 2001), Plscu collects more horror stories about Brâncu_i scholarship in Romania, quoting Bogdan: “Our Traditionalists and nationalists <strong>of</strong> all stripes, and laster on Communist dogmatists rejected Brânsu_i, counting him a foreign body, an eccentric Western product, a status that, in general, discontinued at the threshold <strong>of</strong> the sculptor’s final years.” 56. Brezianu, ibid,. p. 13. 57. See, for example, Catalina Bogdan-Mateescu, Brâncu_i ‘s Targu Jiu Monument: An Interpretation (Bucharest: Romanian Cultureal Foundation, 1995)j; Barbu Brezianu, Brâncu_i in Romania (1974; rev. ed., 1999); and Dan Grigorescu, Brâncu_i (1977). The year 2001 was declared “Brâncu_i Year in Romania” by the national government. 58. Please note: the Romanian studies are <strong>of</strong>ten translated and simultaneously published in English and French by Romanian publishers. See, for example: Paul Rezeanu, Bråncu_i la Craiova (Bucharest: Editura Arc 2000, 2001. The text is in Romanian, French, and English. A number <strong>of</strong> Western studies also acknowledge the Romanian folkloric context <strong>of</strong> Brâncu_i’s work, including, for example: Eric Shanes, Brâncu_i (New York: Abbeville Press, 1989.) One <strong>of</strong> the better studies is: Edith Balas, Brâncu_i and Romanian Folk Traditions (Boulder, Colorado: East European Monographs, 1987). None, however, re exhaustive. 59. “The Brancusian Universe in an exceptional exhibition at the Sibiu Village Museum,” Romania Libera, July 20, 2001 (tr. G. Tillman): “The organizers at Sibiu present objects <strong>of</strong> great heritage value . . . the whole constituting an essay on the relationship <strong>of</strong> Brâncu_i creations to Romanian folklore traditions, a relationship whose authenticity is found as 17
much in the artist’ lifestyle, temperament, and thinking, as in the entire Brancusian oeuvre.” 60. “The Eye <strong>of</strong> the Artist: Constantin Brâncu_i photographed his own works,” Romania Libera, August 8, 2001 (tr. G. Tillman). 61. Alexandru Istra_i and Natalia Dumitrescu, identified in Brezianu, ibid., p. 55: “At the suggestion <strong>of</strong> Sonia Delaunay, and <strong>of</strong> Jean Cassou, Brâncu_i bequeaths in his will to the Musée National d’Art Moderne all the works and objects in the studios fromImpasse Ronsisn, on condition that the studios will be reconstructed. The painters Alexandru Istrati and Natalia Dumitrescu are nominated universal heirs and Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Dr. Pascu Atanasiu as testamentary executor.” 18
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SECTION 1: Keynote Address Undoing
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THE SCHOOL OF VISUAL ARTS NATIONAL
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[Both please.] There’s another pa
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actually this mountain on top is an
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detail. This is from a digital high
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that those religious mysteries whic
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scream into clarity and the effect
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a nutshell our conflicted attitude
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Dr. Stafford: Well, I’m trying re
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CROSS DISCIPLINARY STRATEGIES TO RE
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layering of dissonant imagery of th
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TRANSLATIONS OF MEMORY: PERSONAL ES
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When I asked my students to write p
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FACE VALUE: PORTRAITS AND MEMORY Da
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emotional expression in the human f
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A first step might be a rejection i
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THE ART OF THE NAME OR THE NAME OF
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“ST. JOHN THE EVANGELIST,” OR
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elationship with Jesus than does Pe
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There are several different philoso
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has not been explicitly named by th
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THE ROLE OF MEMORY IN CULTURE Rapha
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Dreaming without lucidity of any ki
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imitative learning. Grazio Fiorito
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ain organization, hormone-disruptin
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once, but most of the time it is a
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species evolving objectivity and lo
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institutional frameworks and laws t
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Memories of the intellectual past s
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But an important variable is being
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surfaced again and continues to ass
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In an abstract of an article entitl
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cognition in more or less dominance
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This is a description of some 4 mil
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complex semantic and syntax with wh
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monkey only correspond to the much
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primitive ceremonial burial of some
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BOXES OF REMEMBRANCES: THE JEWISH R
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are as beautifully and precisely ma
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IV. BINDING AND PRAYING: THE TEFILL
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Symbolic as these words are, they b
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8. The Eternal Present, the Beginni
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Concordance to Tent of Meeting and
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Tefillin of the Head (Shel Rosh) Th
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optimally-sized for processing spee
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movement can be seen to take on ren
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THEIR FACES BRIEF AS PHOTOS (John B
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in the Ghetto’s orphanages and ch
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A small man with glasses with a gen
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Wiesel Elie. Night. New York: Banta
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photographs have helped us to grasp
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only in the degree of ingenious sev
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SEWING PLANTS: THE INTERTWINED HIST
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colleges for women. And there were
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While Grierson’s needlework in pi
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Lang, L. (2001, January/February).
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