Patterns of time use in Tanzania: how to make public investment in ...

urdens, or the correlation between involvement in multiple activities (a
possible avenue for further analysis). 8
How many are the overburdened?
The overall mean time spent on water collection among participants is 27
minutes per day. About 36 percent of those collecting water are ‘time poor’ or
‘overburdened’.
As illustrated in Table 4.1.10, about 85 percent of the overburdened are
women and over three quarters of them live, as expected, in rural areas (even
though a lot of urban households need to collect water, as discussed in earlier
sections, they are usually closer to the source than rural households are). Only
4 percent of the overburdened are urban men.
Table 4.1.10: Overburdened adult population by location/geographic area
and sex
Above average
Female Male
Geographic location Adults Adults Total
Urban area 17.0 4.1 21.1
Rural area 67.7 11.2 78.9
Total 84.7 15.3 100
Source: Calculations from the 2006 Tanzania TUS
How many of the overburdened are poor?
More than 60 percent of the overburdened belong to households with a
monthly average income below Tshs 50,000, and the vast majority of the
people who are both income poor and time poor are women (about 85
percent).
Table 4.1.11: Overburdened adult population by income level and sex
Above average
Female Male
Household income adults Adults Total
Y