1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s

Chap. IV] NOTES ON SHEET No. 30 87
romewhat in excess of the true ones. This
easterly shift increases from about 1 minute
in the case of the Toghrak-chap base stations
to about 5' 10" in that of Peak 1/75 E
(13,170; D. 2), the easternmost, of the t,rian-
gulated points. For the correct longitudes,
see Appendix A ( Sheets 75 A, B, E, F ).
The longitude adopted for Charklilik
(88' 2' 10") is the mean between Dr. Hedin's
value and that sliown by R.B. Liil Singll's
plane-table work (8B0 1'). The longitudes
topograpl~y of the Lop territory, which during
the first centuries before and after ~hri8t
included also 'Lou-IanJ, has heen fully dis-
cussed in Se~.india, i. pp. 318 sqq. ; for that of
the two small oases, Charkhlik and Mirtin,
the only p1:rces of permanent occupation in
modern times, cf. idid. pp. 310 sqq.,
326 sqq. l6
Both . these small cultivated patches
occupy ground where the wide gravel 'Sai'
descending from the foot of the mountains
meets the southern edgc of the belt of desert
adopted for Mirin ant1 Abdal are derived
from traverses connected with triangulated vegetat,ion which accompanies the Tirim
points at the debouchure of the Mirin river. river and its tributary, the Charchan-daryi.
The routes leading to the Lou-Ian Site and The junction of the two 11es in tl~e area
Tikenlik are adjusted on the positions adopt- marked by the lakes and marshes south of
ed for these places, and that along the the fisl~in~ hamlet of Lop (A.2). Apart
southern shore of Lop-nor on the position from these two zones, the sheet shoxvs in the
of Kum-kuduk (see Sheet No. 32). Bcsidcs north a dune-covered portion of the Lop
the latitude observations shon.11 below, a desert, and in the north-east the western
n~imber of others along the 'ririm river extremity of the great salt-encrusted bed of
were used from Dr. Hedin's worli. the dried-up Lop sea.
Descriptive accounts of the routesfolIo\\.- Cor~~ectio~~s. A.3. Koy~inlal, Bished
by me in 1906-07 and of the arcllaeo- koyumal should be printed red.
loKically important ground near Miriin are C.2. The latitude station symbol to be
give~r in Desert Cathay, i. pp. 343 sqq., 427 shown against Donglik (C. 142 ; C. 2) and
sqq., 4.38 sqq., 503 sqq. - -
The l~istorical to be removed from Mirin Fort (B. 2).
AstronomicaZly observed latitrtdes.
1906-08 Donglik, Camp 142 (near spring; C. 2) ...
1913-15 Charkhlik, Camp 20 (Beg's house; N. of Biizir; A. 2)
...
...
39O 22' 51"
39O 1' 35"
Toghr+k-chap, Camp 22 (E. end of base, on E. bank of N~lllah ;
B. 3) ... . . . . . . ... ... 5S057' 9"
Camp 24, S. of Itfiran (on east bank of bfirtin river; B. 2) ... 39" 12' 12"
Khunugu, Camp 27 (on east bank of river ; L). 2) . . . ... 39°10'2~"
Mirin, Camp 63 (within hamlet; B. 2) ... ... 39' 15' 54"
XOTES ON SHEET No. 31 (PICHAN, CHIK-TAM)
The surveys represented in this sheet
lay partly along both slopes of the T'ien-shan
and partly in the westernmost portion of the
Turfiin basin (Pichan) and the desert pla-
teaus to the east and south of it. l17ith the
exception of the Iiigh-road from Himi to
Turfln followed in 1907, all the routes
surveyed belong to 1914-15.
For the work s1ion.n north of latitude
" The enrly Chinese record discnsced in lhe last
qnoted passage is of special geographical interest for
tbe st, cnlled 'Lop-nirr problem ', as it concloxively
proves thttt at the very period when the ancient
J.on-Inn territory ill the north still received water from
the Knrok-dnryi, there existed a terminal lake of the
Tirim in a position correspollding to the present
Lop.n6r, rerte Kara.koshuo marshes.
42' 30', the positions adopted for Turfin,
Himi and Barkul served as base-points. In
adjnsting the traverses between them, use
mas made of the latitude observations shown
below. The satisfactory character of the
resrilt is borne out by the close agreement
wit11 values astronomically determined by
Dr. Vaillant in 1908 for two points on the
Turffin-Hiimi high-road. '7 The small portion
I7 See LR RLographie, 1921, XIXI. p. 499. Dr.
Vaillant'y chrouornet,ric longitude for Pichan (position
(not recorded) is 90- i', 4 ngaiost 90' 8'30'' of
our Pichan Cam? 265, rhe latitude also agreeing
within loss than a minote. At Ch'ii-ko-loo, Camp
261 (I). 2) the lafitodes are also identical, while Dr.
Vaillant's loogitode (9lo6i', 6) exceeds that shorn
on the map by oolj .boot S minntes.