1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s

66 NOTES ON INDIVIDUAL MAY SllEETS [Chap. IV
1913. Two triangulated points on either tween the FIunxo and Tish-kurghin rivers.
aide confirm its position as here shown. The same snow-line was adopted also for
The plane-table traverse along the route has tl~e range to the east of the Sarikol valley
bee11 ndjustd to tire fixed I~osition of Tirsh- whicl~ divides tlle drainage areas of the
kurghin and to the positiorl of Toile-bulung Tish-kurgh~n and Rsskam brancl~es of the
(Sheet No. 2. D. 4). For this an astroi~omi- Yirkand river. On the range to the north
cal value of latitude is a~ailable and a longi- and west whiel~ separates Sarikol from the
tutlc value representi~lg the mean between Pimirs proper the snow-line seemed to me to
two vahles obtained by interpolation between lie distinctly higher, a circumstance fully
(a) Kisllgar and Tirsh-kurghsn, and (b) accounted for by the reduced amount of
Yangi-hissir and Tish-kurghin.
moisture whicl~ penetrates north of the
An alternative route towards Kishgar Hindukosh and Kara-koram ranges. It has
used chiefly during the winter months fol- been conjecturally shown on the 17,000 conlows
the narrow gorge which descends from tour I~ue, but ntay in really be somewhat
the Chichiklik-maidin (Sheet No. 2. C. 4) to higher.
Shindi below the sharp eastern bend of the Grazing of the scanty sort usual on the
Tish-kurghin R. The portion of this route Pimirs is to be found over most of the
falliug witl~in this sheet has been s11own ground at the bottom of the main valley and
from Rai Rim Singh's plane-table work of in the lower portion of those joining it from
1901; and from notes kept by myself when the ranges on either side. This has not
following it early in June of that year. been specially indicated. But in a few areas
The snow-line on the high ranges nvllich (as at Hang; C. 2) yellow tint has been used
enclose the Sarikol valley could be but to mark the presence of riverine loess soil
approsin~stcl!~ i~ltlicated, as it was actually allowing of more luxuriant vegetation.
apl~roached o ~~ly on the IVakhjir p:~zs lead-
- -
ing to the Osus (Bb-i-Pauja) source and on
Some account of the physical features
of the ground shown in this sheet will be
the Kilik and Aling-taka passes. From my found in my Ilirilzs of Khotalz, pp. 57 sqq.
observations when crossing the Wakhjir pass and Desert Catiay, pp. 83 rqq. Its historical
in July, 1900, and the &ling-taka pass early topography has been fully discussed in
in September, 1913, I was led to take the Chapter 11 of A7zciel~t Khotax ( i. pp. 22-40)
elevation of about 16,500 feet as the ap- and some additional information about its
proximate limit of permanent snow-beds on old sites furnished in Chapter 1x1 of Serthe
range which forms the watershed be- izdia, i. pp. 72-76.
Astronoit~ically obsercerl lafihdes.
1000-01. Dafdir, Camp 1 (C. 2j . Tiighlak-gumbaz, Camp 2 (C. 1) ...
...
. . .
37O 22' 26"
37O 34' 38"
Tish-kl~rgliin, Camp 3 (near British Ak-sakil's house ; C. 1)
1906-08. CI~ushm:in, Camp 1 (C. 1) . . .
ITdurghuk, Camp 5 (D. 1) ... . . .
NOTES ON SHEET No. 4 (YAI-DOZE)
37O 46' 58"
37' 51' 28"
:37O 50' 38"
The area s1lon.n in this sheet was sur-
veyed from two routes, both followed by
R. 13. LB1 Singh only. The one of 1907 led
from Uch-Turfin and the Taushkan river
along the foot of an outer range of the
T'ien-shan to the Terek-dawan (Sheet
No. 1. D. 4); the other, followed in 1915,
lay over previously unexplored ground from
Kelpin (Sheet No. 7. B. 4) cia the Kirghiz
grazing grounds of Yai-dobe and Chong-
kara-jol to Kalta-yailak (Sheet No. 5. B. 1).
On the latter route the position of Tunguz-
luk had ito latitude fixed by astronomical
observation. No other fixed points being
available within the limits of this sheet, its
delineation was determined by adjustment
of the details to the fixed places of tlie ad-
joining sheets. The result was satisfactorily
checked by comparison of t,he position thus
obtained for the Biloti-dawin (Sheet No. 4.
D. 3) u~hich was found to agree very closely
in latitude with that observed by Colonel
Trotter, viz. 40' 40' YO".
Though scarcely any of the streams
coming from the outer T'ien-shan ranges
shown in this sheet ordinarily carry water,
yet springs found in various places at the
foot of the northern one, combined with