1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s

100 NOTES ON INDIVIDUAL MAP SHEE'L'S [Chap. IV
gap left in our surveys on cither side of the south of Ch'ang-ma (l3.1) n~ial~t be taken
middle So-lo-110 course (C, D. !2,Y), the exact for a link in the rl~ain. The To-lai-shan
counection between the clearly drlined Nan- range may be traccd III the succession of
elran ranges e.zstwards (see Sheet No. 53) high peaks our sheet sl~o\vs ns running to-
and those in this slreet is more ditticult to wards the 'Chu-chia-sl~an' just north-west of
trace. This qurstion of n~orphological Ch'nng-ma, this rhair~ itst.11' having its eonrelationslrip
must be lefL for future expert tinudon in the dirertior~ of tile low but very
investigation. I may I~owevei. record the clistinct range soutl~ of T'a-shih and Ch'iaoinnpressions
derived from what. our surveys tzu (No. 4O.A.5). Finally it is tempting to
in the outer ranges and t.hose of Koborovsky recognize the western extremity of theliichtand
Kozloff along and south of the Su-lo-ho hofen Range, the northernn~ost of all, in the
suggest.
range which stretches from the T'u-ta-fan
The latter sorreys made it appear highly pass (D.l) to the north-west,, the Yao-moprobable
that the high snowy range in the shan and Tung-giieh-shan (C.1) being among
south, called by Itussian esplorers after the its culminating points, and the Su-lo-ho
great geologist, the late Professor Suess, has debouchure below Ch'ang-ma (No. 4,0.B.5)
its coutinuation in tlre big range south of breaking through it. If this assumption is
Ch'ang-ma (.%,B.1,0,) rising to peaks above justified the low hill-chain overlooking the
19,000 and 80,000 feet and crossed by the lower Sa-lo-ho ralley from Wang-shan-tzu
Ta-kung-ch'a pass. The nest range north- (So. 40.A.5) to Tun-11uang might well
ward, called after the Emperor Alesander 111, prove the last western outlier of the same
mau svell be connected wit11 the one irhich range.
our route from the T'a-sl~ih river showed A(/rlitiot~. A. 1. T11e name ' T'a-sl~ih
as striking xith an approximately west-east R.' sllorlld be s11on.n in blue along the riverbearing
from near Shih-pao-c11'Cng (A. 1) ; the bed ljassi~~g Slrih-pao-c11'tn~.
coi~spicuous massif of the Erh-lung-shan
Astrono~~ricaily obaczri.td 1,rtit t~des.
190G-08. Shill-l)ao-cl~'&ng, Camp IS8 (on right bank of ric-PT-bed, half a mile
N. of ruined fort; A. 1) ... ... ... 33O 4.9' 3"
Ch'ang-ma-pao-tzo, Camp 193 (temple near west wall of central
village; B. 1) ... ... ... ...
Ch'ing-ts'ao-an-tzo, Camp 197 (near temple; D. 1) ...
39" 51' 45"
3!1° 53' 35"
The area surveyed in this sheet during
the spring and summer of 1914 con~prises
the south-eastern extremity of the Pei-shan,
the eastern portion of the Hoa-hai-tzu basin
and a part of the wide trough in which the
rivers of Kan-chou and Su-cl~ou (Pei-ta-ho)
unite to form the Etsin-gol. Tile positiorrs
accepted for An-hsi and Su-thou served for
the adjustment of the plane-table work in
the latter two sections, while the traverse
through the Pei-shan was plotted rlpon the
two terminal points of Barkul (No. ;$-I,. B.1)
and Mao-mei (L). 4.). For the latter place
a latitude observation was available, the
longitude value beinx derived froin the nleall
of two independent traverses from Su-chou.
Historical and antiquarian interest is
imparted to the ground in the south by tl~e
line of the ancient Chinese Livles, the re-
mains of which 1 succeeded in traciug from
NOTES ON SHEET No. 41 (CHIN-T'A)
the fiua-hai-t.zu basin to the point where it
crossed the Etsin-go1 below tile northern
end of hIao-nlei cultivatiou. For a brief
account of this border-line and the forbidding
desert ground through which most of it
was constructed, see Geoggl.o21l/. Jou~nal, 1916,
xlviii. pp. 190 sq. The ground at and beyond
the oasis of Chin-t'a (B, C. 4) which I
visited in 1907 on my first fruitless search
for the Limes line in this .direction, is described
in Soi~ctliu, iii. p. 113-1..
The south-eastern portion of tlre Peishan
shown here completely shares the
character of the utterly barren ranges and
plateaus adjoining to the north-,vest and
briefly describe11 in the notes on Sheet No.
40. The iifth and soutl~ernmost of the
Pei-shan ranges was crossed by our route
south of the coal pits of RIou-wo (B. 3).
In the eastern part of the I-Iua-hai-tzu