1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s

Chap. IV] NOTES ON SHEETS No. 42 101
basin (A. 4) the appearance of bclta of drift- Mao-mei share the physical features charncsand
and wind-eroded clay terraces, feature8 teriwtic of all tormir~al oasecr iir the 'brim
conlmon to all ancient lacustrit~e depretiaio~ls lavin. 'I'hu high durio riclger which ~tretch
further west, rnay be noted. parallel to the Karl-~IIOII river cour~e ori the
A ston! plateau sc1)arates this basin fro~n east (1). 4), I~eli, to ill~~stratc thin similarity
the ill-defined valleg containing the end of of aspect on tlte map.
the Pei-ta-110 above its junction with the Correcltot~a. C. 4. For 7'11-lztx (Camp
Kan-chou river. Tlie narrow but lo~lg- 23Sa) read 2"oir-litn.
stretched cultivation areas of Chin-t'a and
Astronoit~ically oluerverl latit~~rlrs.
1913-1 5. Can~p 180, N.1.1. edge of Hua-liai-tzn basin (A. -I) . .
Mao-mei, Camp 138 (temple outside S.E. corner of town walls;
D. 4.) ... ... ..
40" LO' 58"
40" 17' 49"
Shuaog-ch'Gng-tzu, Camp 139 (temple, 1 mile north of village;
D. 4.) ... ... ... ...
Mou-wo, Camp 201. (near N. coal pits; B. 3) ...
40" 24' 50"
40" 42' 10"
NOTES ON SHEET No. 43 (SU-CHOU)
The surveys recorded in this sheet spurs whicl~ descend from the Richthofen
belong for the most part to the second ex- Range to tlie east of the Ma-yang-ho valley
pedition, but mere to a considerable extent (C, D. 2, Y), received important atlditions by
s~~pplemeoted in t.l~e portions Iri~ig along the surreJ- made by It. B. Li1 Singh in
the northern edge of the sl~eet and in its 1915 from the side of the Li-yiian-110.
easternmost section by work dor~e in I9 14. The approximate elevation of 15,500
The extensive routes snrveyed on the second feet, adopted for the snow-line in the portions
journey all closed upon their starting point, of the Cent,ral Nan-shan falling within this
Su-chou (B.l), and the position adopted for sheet, is derived from what I observed when
this important city served as a pivot for the crossing its passes in August, 1907, and the
compilation of the sheet. The latitude of photogral)l~ic panoramas then taken support
3g0 45' shown for it is derived from closelr it.
concordant astronomical observations made For a fairly detailed descriptive account
on both journeys at the temple of Chiu- of the ground visited in 1907 between the
ch'iian outside the easteru city gate. The plateau at the north foot, of the Iiichthofen
longitude of 9B0 33' now adopted represents Range ant1 the high mountain chain overthe
mean between hIr. Clementi's chrono- looking the headivaters of the Su-lo-ho,
metrical value (9s0 26' 56.3") and t,he value Kan-chou and Ta-t'uog rivers from the
]we\ iously accepted b,v the Survey of India. south, see Desert Cathay, ii. pp. 297 sqq.;
It differs but slight,ly from the longitude for that of the famous defile of Chia-yiiassigned
to So-cl~ou in Sheet No. 88 of the
1906-08 map in Sei.tir~iin. The routes leadkuan,
the westernmost 'Gate' of China
' within the Wall ', and of the So-chou oasis
ing to Su-choa from the west and south-east
have been adjustetl on the accepted positions
east of it, see i6irl. ii. pp. 273 sqq. The
historical topography of the ' passage land',
of An-11si and Kan-chou, ~espectively fsrze which this .irestern end of the medizval
Notes on Sheets Nos. 38, 46). ' Great Wall ' was intended to close, and that
Tlie southern l~ortion of the sheet com- of the mountain region which adjoins on the
prises an extensive mountain area occupied south, has been discussed in Scrii~rlia, iii. pp.
by the four main ranges of the Central Nan- 1116 sqq., 1124 sqq. Brief references to
sllan. Its delineation on the plane-table the ground visited by me north of the Chinese
was greatly facilitated by the distant views high road passing from Kan-chou to Su-chou
gained from above the high passes over will Ice found in Geograph. Jotrrnal, xlviii.
which the three northernmost of these ranges pp. 196, 200.
were crossed, as well as by the open charac- The area shown by this sheet aptly
ter of the ground in the wide valleys which illustrates the three main regions into which
separate them. The topography of tire high the ground between the Central Nan-shan