1923%20Memoir%20on%20Maps%20of%20Chinese%20Turkistan%20by%20Stein%20s

NOTES ON INDIVIDUAL MAP SHEETS
[Chap. IV
tracts of Buchi and SIraIiyir to t,l~e Tirim. of t,lre Baglrraslr lake (Slieet No. 25. A-C. 1).
Tlie Clrarchnk R. bed, usually dry, appears The considorablc cstent of the Hugur oasis
to carry ocmsional floods ~IVIII tho marslies suggests that the Kizil river irrigating it
fed by the Koclri river.
drains a portion of tl~e outer snow-covered
AI~IOII~ the oases in tlie uort,l~, Korla is T'ien-sl~an rauge nrhich carries perpetual
of sl~ecial interest on accou~it of the aniple snow. 'l'l~is river's ter~ninal marshes appear
arid constant water supply assured by the to have been n~ucl~ exaggerated in former
Konclre-darys, draining tlre great reservoir
dst~onottiicc~l( obserretl loti/ttdes.
maps.
1906-0s. Korla, C'nmp 287 (111ain Rlzsr; D. 1)
Jigda-sali, Cainp 295 (C. 2) . . .
Incliike-guinbnz, Camp 29!) (old tombs; C.2)
NO'I'J3S ON SI-IEET No. 22 (CI-IARCIIAN)
Tlre surveycd arcn in tl:e so~rtlr-eastern and to blie longitnde of Laslikar-satma
col.ner of this sheet is contined to the vicinity (Slieet No. 26. R. 3), which agreed very
of tlie Cliarclian oasis and tlre course of tlre closely in the surveys of 1906 and 1913-14,.
C'llarcllan river Iwlo\v it. 'I'he root,es followetl lllie route follo\ved in 1906 has been
along the latter in 1906 and 1013 lay on described in Desert Cnlllay, i. pp. 319 sqq.
opposite banks, \vhile that. leading from the Tl~e I~istorical topography of t,lre Charchan
west to Cl~nrcl~an was tlre same on both oasis ~vhiclr, notwithstanding its small size
journeys. and clieqnered fortunes, has al~vays been of
011 1)ecemLer 28, 191.3, a ellance of importance for tlre ancient caravan route lo
e~ceptionall~ clear ~veather enabled me to the south of tl~e Takla~nak~n, is fully disfis
the ~,osition of Kal:lsti (C:lml> 1 16 a of cussed in Sr~.iiit/i~r, i. pp. 293 sqq. There, too,
1906; C.4) by intersection fro111 four peaks I have explaiued tlie special geographical
triangulated on the K'uo-1m1 range ou t,he reasons \vliicli liave tliro~~ghout lristorical
previous jouruey. This pohltion, ~vhicl~ lies times prevented extensive cult~vation at
about 2' to the west of the one shown in Charchan, notwithstanding the abundant
Sheet No. 46 of tlie 1906-0s map but agrees supply of water in its river, and have rewith
it in latitude, lias been adopted and peatedly caused it to be altogether abandoned
used for the determination of Cl~arcl~an, along for centuries ; see Serisdin, i. p, 295.
with the observed latitude of this place. ('orrec.lioas. C. 3. For Ayablar River
The routes along tlie river mere adjusted to read Ayafi-tir R.
a point (Keng-laika), half-may between D.3. The route line of 1900 from Camp
Tatran and Tim, for wl1ic11 Dr. Hedin's
latitude observation I\ as availabIe(38°29'YJ")J
Astroao~~~icolly olserred Inlilrtde.
119, should be estended north to Ti?n ruin.
1906-08. Charchan-bizir, Camp 103 (Beg's house, west of Bizsr; D. 4) 38" 8' 21"
NOTES ON SHEET No. 23 (KAPA, ACHCHAN)
This sheet sl~on,s a portion of the northern
main K'un-lun range surveyed in 190G,
and again in 1915, from the route leading
along its lower slope past the gold pits of
Miilcha and Kapa to the Charchan river, as
well as the ground traversed by me in both
those years along tlie desert track between
the Endere river and Charchan.
The delineation of tlre ground along the
K'un-lun range is based on the triangulation
effected in 1906 by Rai Rim Sing11, and
coitinued eastwards from the hill-station of
Ushlung (near Gudiche, 10,690; D. 2) by
R. B. LC1 Singll in 1913; for stations and
intersected points see Appendix A, Sheets
69 D, 6. The desert route is adjusted to
the triangulated position of Niya (see Not*s
on Sheet No. 19) and to that of Kalasti in
Sheet No. 22. C. 4~, resected from trigono-
metrical points.
Tbe surveys along the range in the late
autumu rendered no reliable observations of
the snow-line possible. Its level has been
conjecturally slromn at 17,000-17,500 feet.
For a brief descriptive account of the
desert route, see Desert Cathay, i. pp. 317