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ANAM. 317
together with all of the royal family who fell into their
hands. The city of Saigon, in the province of Don-
nai, was supposed to be favourable to the cause of the
deposed sovereign; an army was therefore marched
against it, the walls were levelled to the ground, and
20,000 of its inhabitants put to the sword. In their
arrangements for the future government of this ex-
tensive country, it was determined that Yinyac should
possess the southern and central divisions of Chang
and Don-nai; Long-niang, that of Hue", bordering
on Tongkin; and the youngest brother was to be
high -priest of all Cochin China.
Long-niang was soon involved in hostilities with
the King of Tongkin, then a tributary to the Emperor
of China, and defeated him in battle. The vanquished
king fled to Pekin, and Tongkin was overrun by the
victorious usurper. Kien-Long sent an army of
100,000 men to replace the King of Tongkin on his
throne; but Long-niang so skilfully harassed the Chinese
army, laying waste the country in their line of
march, that they retired in distress for provisions before
they had reached the frontiers of Tongkin. The
consequence was a treaty, whereby the Chinese emperor
recognised and confirmed Long-niang as sovereign
of Cochin China and Tongkin, which were to be
held as tributary to the emperor.*
* Mr. Barrcrvr gives a truly curious account of the result of this
Chinese expedition. Foo-chang-tong, the commander, -was so
miserably harrassed in his retreat by the usurper, that no fewer
than 50,000 men are said to have perished by famine and the sword,,
without any general battle having been fought. To prevent inevitable
disgrace, he resolved therefore to open a negotiation with
the usurper ;
but Long-niang assumed the tone of a conqueror.
Under these circumstances, the Chinese general had recourse to
the bold expedient of transmitting to the court of Pekin an account
of the unparalleled success of his expedition :
the arms of the em-