The bronze age and the Celtic world - Universal History Library

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124 THE BRONZE AGE AND THE CELTIC WORLD FIG. 24.—MAP SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF IRON SWORDS IN FRANCE. in chapter iv., and doubtless it was they who extended the Etruscan rule from the Alps to the south of Naples ; to confuse them with the real Etruscans. but, as has already been explained, it would be a mistake
THE IRON SWORD 125 We have seen that in the mountain zone the pile-dwelling civilisation continued throughout the bronze age. This type of culture, introduced by the early Alpines from Asia Minor, was adopted in Central Europe by the Nordic intruders, who had made themselves lords over the Alpine peasants. That they were still retaining their race exclusiveness is clear from the fact that long and broad-headed skulls are still found side by side.*' In the plain, however, where we have no evidence of Alpine settlement, all signs of pile-dwellings are absent. It is a striking fact that with the arrival of iron swords into the mountain zone this pile-dweUing culture, which had existed from early neohthic days till the close of the bronze age, came suddenly to an end. This cannot be merely an accident, for the same thing occurred all over Central Europe.*^ It is also significant that some centuries later it was revived.*^ Some important revolution must have taken place to end so abruptly a custom which had lasted for thousands of years, and to end it with equal suddenness in all parts of the mountain zone. I can only account for it in one way, by supposing that the men of the plain, who had never occupied this type of dwelling, had swept over the mountain zone, carrying fire and the iron sword throughout the villages of their neighbours. This I am inclined to think must have been the case, and such an invasion would account for the widespread exodus of people with the Type G swords, which we have found scattered over many areas in France, over parts of North Germany, and stretching even to Scandinavia and Finland, and which reached the British Isles, with much other culture belonging to the Swiss lake-dwellings, as Crawford has recently shown us.^° These people with the Type G swords must have been refugees from the invasion of the iron sword people. Dechelette Jias given us a map showing their progress in France, and on the same map he indicates the progress of the iron sword men.^' The latter followed the refugees in almost every direction, and it was only in the Seine valley that the exiles escaped pursuit. This is a point to which I shall have to refer in a later chapter. '7 D&helette (1908-14) ii. 114. 30 Crawford (1922) 33, 34. »8 Dechelette (1908-14) ii. 114. 3' Dechelette (1908-14) map ii., in ii. pt. 2. »9 D6chelette (1908-14) ii. 935-941-
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GAI QJnrttBU Hmueraitg SItbrarg att
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THE BRONZE AGE AND THE CELTIC WORLD
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kb^O-X. PRINTED AND MADE IN GREAT B
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'Mi XI Cornell University Library T
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for inviting him to deliver the lec
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LIST OF FIGURES AND MAPS PAGE 1 MAP
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FOR Chapter I THE PROBLEM the last
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THE PROBLEM 17 groups of languages
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Chapter II THE FIRST INHABITANTS OF
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THE FIRST INHABITANTS OF CELTIC LAN
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THE FlRSt INHABITANTS OF CELTIC LAN
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EARLY TRADE WITH CELTIC LANDS 35 is
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EARLY TRADE WITH CELTIC LANDS z^ no
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EARLY TRADE WITH CELTIC LANDS 39 be
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EARLY TRADE WITH CELTIC LANDS 41 th
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EARLY TRADE WITH CELTIC LANDS 43 Qu
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EARLY TRADE WITH CELTIC LANDS 45 It
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EARLY TRADE WITH CELTIC LANDS 47 th
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THE PROSPECTORS 49 introduced into
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THE PROSPECTORS S^ have been used i
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THE PROSPECTORS 53 I do not think,
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THE PROSPECTORS 55 antechambers in
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THE PROSPECTORS 57 portrait statuet
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THE PROSPECTORS 59 found on the Etr
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WE have Chapter V THE CELTIC CRADLE
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THE CELTIC CRADLE 63 Thus we find t
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FIG. 2. POTSHERD FROM KOSZYLOWSCE,
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THE CELTIC CRADLE 67 suggests that
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THE CELTIC CRADLE 69 of these were
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THAT Chapter VI MANY INVASIONS larg
Page 77 and 78: MANY INVASIONS ^ 73 it has been sug
Page 79 and 80: MANY INVASIONS 75 for suspecting th
Page 81 and 82: MANY INVASIONS ^^ of the mountain z
Page 83 and 84: ««»*' MANY INVASIONS 79 and had
Page 85 and 86: Chapter VII THE EVOLUTION OF THE LE
Page 87 and 88: THE EVOLUTION OF THE LEAF-SHAPED SW
Page 97 and 98: THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE LEAF-SHAPED
Page 109 and 110: GREEK LANDS AND THE BASIS OF CHRONO
Page 111 and 112: 66-L6Z (zz6i) ajfi 6 'msBq aqnuBQ a
Page 121 and 122: WE have Chapter X THE IRON SWORD se
Page 123 and 124: THE IRON SWORD 119 that trade relat
Page 125 and 126: THE IRON SWORD 121 some came into c
Page 127: THE IRON SWORD 123 FIG. 23.—MAP S
Page 131 and 132: A RECAPITULATION 127 Other steppe-f
Page 133 and 134: A RECAPITULATION 129 The other move
Page 135 and 136: A RECAPITULATION 131 valley, crosse
Page 137 and 138: THE ARYAN CRADLE 133 philologists,
Page 139 and 140: THE ARYAN CRADLE I35 The original s
Page 141 and 142: THE ARYAN CRADLE 137 The use made o
Page 143 and 144: THE ARYAN CRADLE 139 Further invest
Page 145 and 146: THE ARYAN CRADLE 141 The state of c
Page 147 and 148: THE ARYAN CRADLE 143 Taking all fac
Page 149 and 150: FS AND Q'S 145 that the C in the Go
Page 151 and 152: FS AND Q'S 147 of France and the Br
Page 153 and 154: P'S AND Q'S 149 the Falisci, who dw
Page 155 and 156: FS AND Q'S 151 it was a corruption
Page 157 and 158: I Chapter XIV THE WANDERINGS OF THE
Page 159 and 160: THE WANDERINGS OF THE WIROS i55 a c
Page 161 and 162: THE WANDERINGS OF THE WIROS I57 Suc
Page 163 and 164: THE WANDERINGS OF THE WIROS 159 to
Page 165 and 166: THE WANDERINGS OF THE WIROS i6i Dod
Page 167 and 168: THE WANDERINGS OF THE WIROS 163 who
Page 169 and 170: THE WANDERINGS OF THE WIROS 165 evi
Page 171 and 172: THE WANDERINGS OF THE WIROS 167 muc
Page 173 and 174: CONCLUSION 169 such positive eviden
Page 175 and 176: CHRONOLOGY 171 be relatively modern
Page 177 and 178: Appendix II MATRILINEAR SUCCESSION
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MATRILINEAR 175 married her cousin
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A. .. A.A. . A.A.A. A.A. & E. A.d.P
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R.L.P.C. R.R.C.S.A. S.H.P.F. S.H.S.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY i8i Conway, R. S. : Th
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 183 Hoops, J. : Realle
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 185 Modestov, B. : Int
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Pumpelly, R. : Explorations in Turk
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 189 Wace, A. J. B. : E
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192 Asturias, 55. Athena, 175. Athe
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194 Dintorni del Fucino, 95. Dionys
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196 INDEX lona, 49. Ionic dialect,
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igS INDEX Neleus, 109. Neo-Celtic t
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200 INDEX Shrewsbury, 45. Shropshir
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PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY HEADLEY
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2 Cyprus. PLATE I. AXES FROM THE ME
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OS Scale. 1 2 3 4- S 6 in. 1 I I'l
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li^ilfCvfci,, «--.~T ^..rr"'"^"^"^
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1 Hungary, site unknown. (1886) XX.
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Site unknown. vii. 42. Site unknown
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Podhering, Bereg Co. Hampel (1886)
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1 Greece : Mycenae. Schliemann (187
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Brentford, Middlesex. From the bed
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v.,"
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