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Future work dl also deal with the fine tuoiog of the vector current tehique presented here, via modem statistical proeed-. The simple analysis procedure used here may be adequate for demonstration pup- but a more robust solution must be devised and areas to be examined may include, but are not limited to, residual dysis, detetion and treatment of outlien, r&ed model fitting, aod wdighted I& squares solutions (Montgomery and Peck [53]). The subject of the vonitity of the went field has not been addrd here. For example, 'can eddy uurents be extracted u se the method or some variation of the method presented here?" In other words, W the fundamentals of the algorithm pemut the estimation of a non-uniiorm field where the rdal components are con- stant but 4, aam many beams?" A minimum eapabilihr, with mpect to radar perfonnanee, would be the identification of the location of tbene current features. More extenswe simulations should be used to study the effect of system parameters. For example, the fundamental wauefonn used by the radar should be properly simulated such that variations in the Brag hqu~cy from cell to cell may be better mddstood In this study the Brag frequency wa4 assumed to be the centre &eqvency of the transmispim band. However, this aversimpl&es what may be actually occurring since the radar bandwidth - actually 375 liHz. Beam pattern simulations should aLso be incorporated so a~ to study the &st d side lobes, which may eon- taminate the data when the predominirnt wind direction coincides with one of these lobs. To test the algorithm far the estiaation of the mean current field ao experiment should be devised to deploy m y closely-spaced drifters, such that the actual mean current can be estimated. A positive r 4t in this case may still be useful for the estimation of temp& mesc-s& current variations.
References [ll D. Barrick "Remote sensing of sea state by radar" in Remote Sming of the %osph& (V. Den, ed.), ch. 12, pp. 146, ~assidptopto, DC: U.S. Gowment Printing Office, 1972. fl 3. Walsh and R. DonneUy "A consolidated approach to two-body electromagnetic scattering problems! Phys. Revim A, MI. 36, no. 9, pp. 4474485, 1987. [4] K. Hickey and R. Khan "Results of the 1991 CODAR surfaee current experiment," Contract Report'92-CS. Department of Supply and Service, 1992. [SI R. KoweU and J. Walsh "Measurement of ocean wavespectra wing m o w beam HF radar," IEEE J. 0honic Eng., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 296305, 1993. 161 E. Gi aad 3. WAh, "Fxtrsnionofoeean wave parameters from HF backscatter reeeived by a four-dement may: Analysis and application," IEEE J Oeeonic Eng., vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 376386, 1992. [7] D. Barrick! 3. Headrick, R Bogie, and D. Crombie, "Sea badecatter at HF: Interpretat3on and utilization of the echo," Pmceedings IEEE, vol. 62, pp. 673- 680, June 1974. 181 R. St- and J. JOY, "HF radio measurements of surface currents,'. D ~ ~ ~ . S Rwcoich, mi. 21, pp. 1039-1049, 1974. 191 D. Hodgiar "Oceanographic lofarmation of the eastern canadian oBhore " Data Repon 82-;, Seamdt Marine Research, St. Jobds, Newfoundland, 1984. [lo] R. Beardsiey, J. Smtt, and W. Boimurt, "CMICE 76: A current met= inter- cornparism experiment conducted off Long Island in February-March 1976,' Techoical Report 62, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 1977 [Ill D. Hdpern. Air Sea Intemctian New Yark: Plenum Pub. Co., 1980. M. Kline (ed.). 1131 P E Srmrh. 'An lntermmparlson of nm-rurface meawrvmenri with ~rucleraa and AMF VACM m n r mew- In strong rrdal currents Data Rcporr 82- 3, Departmeor of Fisherrs and Oeeans Onnn Sc~cna add Suivers Arlanrc. Redford lrur~rure of Ocramgrophy, 19~i
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CENTRE FOR NEWFOUNDLAND STUDIES TOT
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Abstract Esrlm=r#oo of ocean surf-
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Acknowledgements Quite a number of
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Contents Abstract List of Figures L
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5.2 Direct Radial Surface Current C
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3.4 System architecture of Cape Rae
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List of Tables 5.1 Summary of stati
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List of Symbols d : Distance irom r
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Chapter 1 Introduction The monitori
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southward. In t k example the same
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1.2 Conventional Methods for Measur
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iceberg motion, a better relationsh
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magnitude of the radid component is
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Rice 1241, Barrick [I] developed an
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ange broad and narrow-ham systems (
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the shon-r- radar is quite diEerent
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of a chapter. Thig dso provides an
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2.2 Radial Surface Currents 2.2.1 T
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Figure 2.1: Radw Spectrum (solid li
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intervals of Ar and A.9, where thee
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Figure 2.3: Wan Q is mbdivided into
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The abwe system of equations is swe
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Chapter 3 Experimental Data 3.1 Int
Page 50 and 51: e built at other eoastd sites such
Page 52 and 53: Since the mean currents within mast
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3.4: System architecture of
Page 56 and 57: spatid variability and to check sys
Page 58 and 59: oth of these techniques ean then be
Page 60 and 61: the dominant, or 9-, peaks of the s
Page 62 and 63: modelled, since they are known quan
Page 64 and 65: Sine the drifter estimates m e mnst
Page 66 and 67: 4.6.2 Selection of Algorithmn Param
Page 68 and 69: subtended by the b- increases in sb
Page 70 and 71: simplib the analysis by converting
Page 72 and 73: for then beams is therefore 3, 5 an
Page 74 and 75: with the graphs are from a linear r
Page 76 and 77: Fiere 5.2: Scattergrams of radid su
Page 78 and 79: Table 5.2 that the SNR eases of 10
Page 80 and 81: m-ments deliwred by radar and buoys
Page 82 and 83: Figure 5.6: Scattergrams of simulat
Page 84 and 85: Figure 5.7: Scattergrams of -tor me
Page 86 and 87: size. In other words, the algorithm
Page 88 and 89: tem, which is a programmable fsture
Page 90 and 91: Radii vetocify [cws) - Radar Figure
Page 92 and 93: ocean surface m nts where the curre
Page 94 and 95: Chapter 6 Conclusions 6.1 Direct Ra
Page 96 and 97: gential component estimate, wen wit
Page 98 and 99: One of the goals of this thesis has
Page 102 and 103: [I4 D. Diemand, E. Faemer, and J. B
Page 104 and 105: (461 D. Barriek, M. Evans, and B. W
Page 106 and 107: DATE (LOCAL) EVENT Comments shorn 6
Page 108 and 109: TIME - DATE (LOCAL) EVENT Comments
Page 110 and 111: The tape was mated by using the DEC
Page 112 and 113: Where DATLOG - Array of 32x3 bytes
Page 114 and 115: Appendix C Catalogue of the NRSL Ra
Page 116 and 117: Date (1992) 11/11 12/11 13/11 14/11
Page 118 and 119: Time I FFT 1 - Date 01/11/92 02/11/
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