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Abstract Esrlm=r#oo of ocean surf- currents kon a long-range, arngle srnrlon, narrow-beam, 'ugh bquency (HF) ground nave dar (GWR) wrcm s pmeoied. Thre sprem, located a: Cane . Race. . Crdouniiand -, a a hmlrenor . modulated -~ --- -- ~ramn~nt~i n,nr#n- r ~ ~-- ~ -- - uous wave dar that ooerstes in the lower HF band betweetwee 5 and 8 Mhz. It hs a nominal range capability of 200 km over a 120' sector h m 61' to 181' (True). Even though its prlmary purpose is for ofshore tazget surwillance, it can be easily m n h d for the monitoring of oceanic surface conditions such as currents and waves. An experiment was performed during the fall of 1992 to test the current measuring capability of this experimental system. This HF GWR can monitor projections of the surface current field in azimuthal and range increments of ~ppmxhately 4' and 400 m, respectively. These projections or radial surface current components are extracted from the kt-order contributions of the radar Doppler spectra and compared with the estimates derived born the pmitional tr& of three Accurate Surface Tracker drifters. The comparison demonstrates the ability of the radar to estimate radial uurents to within one standard deviation of both current measuring techniques. This has been demonstrated with simulated as well as actual data. An algorithm is also presented to estimate the tangential current components asuming the current is uniform about the location of the drifter velocity estimate. This algorithm was tested with simulated radar data and the analysis suggests the ermr of the tangential component to be within one standard deviation of the rada and drifter error estimates. However, in the comparimn using the real rsdar data these error8 were more than 2 standard deviations iager than the e m estimated by the simuiations. These deviations have been attributed to a number of factors such as possible beamforming errors or nan-stationary menm over the radar beam dweU periods. Hoaiewr, since the slmulatians strongly demonstrate the potential for mapping the vector Nrrent field without the need of a second site, the results from this thesis are very encouraging for further development in this area.
In memory of my loving parents who passed away in March and April of 1995 May God bless them
Page 1: CENTRE FOR NEWFOUNDLAND STUDIES TOT
Page 8 and 9: Acknowledgements Quite a number of
Page 10 and 11: Contents Abstract List of Figures L
Page 12 and 13: 5.2 Direct Radial Surface Current C
Page 14 and 15: 3.4 System architecture of Cape Rae
Page 16 and 17: List of Tables 5.1 Summary of stati
Page 18 and 19: List of Symbols d : Distance irom r
Page 20 and 21: Chapter 1 Introduction The monitori
Page 22 and 23: southward. In t k example the same
Page 24 and 25: 1.2 Conventional Methods for Measur
Page 26 and 27: iceberg motion, a better relationsh
Page 28 and 29: magnitude of the radid component is
Page 30 and 31: Rice 1241, Barrick [I] developed an
Page 32 and 33: ange broad and narrow-ham systems (
Page 34 and 35: the shon-r- radar is quite diEerent
Page 36 and 37: of a chapter. Thig dso provides an
Page 38 and 39: 2.2 Radial Surface Currents 2.2.1 T
Page 40 and 41: Figure 2.1: Radw Spectrum (solid li
Page 42 and 43: intervals of Ar and A.9, where thee
Page 44 and 45: Figure 2.3: Wan Q is mbdivided into
Page 46 and 47: The abwe system of equations is swe
Page 48 and 49: Chapter 3 Experimental Data 3.1 Int
Page 50 and 51: e built at other eoastd sites such
Page 52 and 53: Since the mean currents within mast
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3.4: System architecture of
Page 56 and 57:
spatid variability and to check sys
Page 58 and 59:
oth of these techniques ean then be
Page 60 and 61:
the dominant, or 9-, peaks of the s
Page 62 and 63:
modelled, since they are known quan
Page 64 and 65:
Sine the drifter estimates m e mnst
Page 66 and 67:
4.6.2 Selection of Algorithmn Param
Page 68 and 69:
subtended by the b- increases in sb
Page 70 and 71:
simplib the analysis by converting
Page 72 and 73:
for then beams is therefore 3, 5 an
Page 74 and 75:
with the graphs are from a linear r
Page 76 and 77:
Fiere 5.2: Scattergrams of radid su
Page 78 and 79:
Table 5.2 that the SNR eases of 10
Page 80 and 81:
m-ments deliwred by radar and buoys
Page 82 and 83:
Figure 5.6: Scattergrams of simulat
Page 84 and 85:
Figure 5.7: Scattergrams of -tor me
Page 86 and 87:
size. In other words, the algorithm
Page 88 and 89:
tem, which is a programmable fsture
Page 90 and 91:
Radii vetocify [cws) - Radar Figure
Page 92 and 93:
ocean surface m nts where the curre
Page 94 and 95:
Chapter 6 Conclusions 6.1 Direct Ra
Page 96 and 97:
gential component estimate, wen wit
Page 98 and 99:
One of the goals of this thesis has
Page 100 and 101:
Future work dl also deal with the f
Page 102 and 103:
[I4 D. Diemand, E. Faemer, and J. B
Page 104 and 105:
(461 D. Barriek, M. Evans, and B. W
Page 106 and 107:
DATE (LOCAL) EVENT Comments shorn 6
Page 108 and 109:
TIME - DATE (LOCAL) EVENT Comments
Page 110 and 111:
The tape was mated by using the DEC
Page 112 and 113:
Where DATLOG - Array of 32x3 bytes
Page 114 and 115:
Appendix C Catalogue of the NRSL Ra
Page 116 and 117:
Date (1992) 11/11 12/11 13/11 14/11
Page 118 and 119:
Time I FFT 1 - Date 01/11/92 02/11/
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