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N with malus towards none - Genesis Nursery

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from http://www.codex99.com/typography/15.html.<br />

Latin Vowels and diacritics.<br />

The apix, (apex) pl. apices, was used in classical and postclassical(?) Latin to mark a long vowel. ´, as<br />

Á, it is the roughly the shape of an acute accent. The shape, when written, was often curved, sometimes <strong>with</strong> a<br />

distinct hook at the top. The apix is generally not encountered and is mostly unknown to most current<br />

Latinists. It was used to distinguish words such as <strong>malus</strong> and málus or liber and líber or rosa and rosá. Some<br />

authors feel it is a mark indicating that long vowels were at an earlier time written as a double vowels, as a<br />

sicilicus () was used to mark long consonants, later represented by double consonants. The sicilicus (sicilis,<br />

little sickle) an inverted c, ᵓ, placed above a geminate consonant, indicating the spoken consonant was spoken<br />

longer than a single consonant. Modern spelling marks long vowels <strong>with</strong> a macron, ̄, instead of an apex. The<br />

macron is a sign classically used to mark metrically long syllables or heavy syllables.<br />

In the literature dealing <strong>with</strong> plant names, the explanation of the names may be given <strong>with</strong> no<br />

diacritics, macrons ¯only on long vowels <strong>with</strong> unmarked vowels being short, or occasionally <strong>with</strong> macrons ¯<br />

on long vowels and breves ˘ on short vowels. The diacritics vary <strong>with</strong> the source. All detail has been<br />

presented when found.<br />

Studying botanical names deals <strong>with</strong> genus names as nouns and specific eipthets as adjectives (or<br />

words used as adjectives). In English, nouns have few forms, usually four and involve an s and an apostrophe.<br />

singular plural<br />

dog dogs<br />

possessive dog’s dogs’<br />

or in irregular nouns

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