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* Estimated figure, it was used only when it was larger than the officially recorded figure. ** When positive it refers to a basin in surplus of water, when negative it refers to a basin in deficit of water 4.1.8 Basin: Anapo 42 The hydrographic basin of Anapo is 448 km 2 wide. The basin belongs eneterely to the administration provinces Siracusa. It includes Anapo and Ciane rivers. The reservoir is used for agricultural and industrial purposes. During the period 1921-2000 the basin received an average amount of rain between 700 and 800 mm per year. Springs and wells provide about 505 l/s of water for a total of 18 million m 3 per year. The average total water demand for urban consumption is 6.5 million m 3 . 75% of the basin area is cultivated, for a total demand of 15 million m 3 per year. Sources includes water works at Ciane and Anapo rivers. Industrial activities demand about 1.9 million m 3 per year . The average infiltration at basin level is estimated to be 221.7 mm per year, which corresponds to 99.4 Million m 3 per year. Average annual run-off is about 251mm which correspond to 112 Million m 3 . Table 11 reports relevant figures. Basin: ANAPO Code: 19091 Area: 448.21 km 2 Table 11 – Water Balance Assessment basin Anapo Water demand Source [Mm 3 /yr] Extraction Reservoirs Desalination Reuse Estimated from sub surface value * Total Urban 4.2 - - - Na 4.2 Destination Agricultural 15 - - - Na 15 Industrial 1.9 - - - Na 1.9 Total 21.18 - - - Na 21.1 Water Sources Potential [Mm 3 /yr] Sub surface water 49.7 Desalination and Water Reuse - Reservoirs 56.0 Total 105.7 Balance** +84.7 * Estimated figure, it was used only when it was larger than the officially recorded figure. ** When positive it refers to a basin in surplus of water, when negative it refers to a basin in deficit of water 4.1.9 Basins between Anapo and Lentini The hydrographic basin between Anapo and Lentini are 352 km 2 wide. The basin belongs entirely to the administrative province of Siracusa. It includes the Marcellino and the Gancio. It also includes 4 different reservoirs: Monte Cavallaro and Ponte Diddio in the area of Priolo, which are exclusively used by the local hydroelectrical
43 plant: and the Fiumara Grande and Mulinello which are exclusively used for the Agip Oil plant . During the period 1921-2000 the basin received an average amount of rain between 600 and 700 mm per year. Springs and wells provide about 850l/s of water for a total of 27 million m 3 per year. The average total water demand for urban consumption is 21 million m 3 . Only 32% of cultivated are is actually irrigated (80km2). Private sources meet almost the entire agricultural demand for a total of 24 Million m 3 . Industrial activities are developed in the petrochemical fields. The industrial area demands 55.11 m3 per year, 20 million of that from reservoirs the remaining part from private wells. The average infiltration at basin level is estimated to be 160.4 mm per year, which corresponds to 56.6 Million m 3 . Table 12 reports relevant figures. Table 12 – Water Balance Assessment basins between Anapo and Lentini Basin: between Anapo and Lentini Code: 19092 Area: 125.43 km 2 Water demand Source [Mm 3 /yr] Extraction Reservoirs Desalination Reuse Estimated from sub surface value * Total Urban 26 - - - Na 26 Destination Agricultural 18 6 - - Na 24 Industrial 55 - - - Na 55 Total 99 6 - - Na 105 Water Sources Potential [Mm 3 /yr] Sub surface water 28.3 Desalination and Water Reuse - Reservoirs 26 Total 54.3 Balance** -50.3 * Estimated figure, it was used only when it was larger than the officially recorded figure. ** When positive it refers to a basin in surplus of water, when negative it refers to a basin in deficit of water 4.1.10 Basin: S. Leonardo The hydrographic basin of S.leonardo is 558.9 km 2 . The basin belongs to two different administration provinces Catania, Siracusa. It includes the S.Leonardo river, it also includes the Lago di Lentini reservoir. The reservoir collect several fluvial water resources and has a potential volume of 127 Million m3. It has been completed in 1988 to provide water resources for agricultural and industrial uses. The reservoir is not fully operative and by the 11.11.2001 it can provides no more than 70 Million m3 per year, 30 for industrial uses and 40 for agricultural use. In the years 1995-2000 only 4.7 Million m3 where used for agricultural uses. During the period 1921-2000 the basin received an average amount of rain between 600 and 700 mm per year. Springs and
Page 1 and 2: Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Page 3 and 4: Abstract I The Sicilian water balan
Page 5 and 6: Tables of contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1
Page 7 and 8: Figures and tables V Figure 1 - Con
Page 9 and 10: 1 1 Introduction The Sicilian water
Page 11 and 12: 3 1.2 Water Balance Assessment One
Page 13 and 14: 5 In the initial process of any wat
Page 15 and 16: 7 almost exclusively with the use o
Page 17 and 18: Figure 2 - The study area 9 2.2 Cli
Page 19 and 20: 11 Figure 3 - Rainfall distribution
Page 21 and 22: Figure 6 - Qualitative features of
Page 23 and 24: 15 The aquifer is generally modestl
Page 25 and 26: 17 2.5.1 Potential vulnerability 5
Page 27 and 28: 3 Methodology 19 Two different mode
Page 29 and 30: 21 The objective function is subjec
Page 31 and 32: 23 to the output. This is not the c
Page 33 and 34: Ri = Runoff, rivers, lakes, reservo
Page 35 and 36: U j = s ∑ r = 1 u r 27 for r = 1,
Page 37 and 38: 29 C = smoothness of the internal p
Page 39 and 40: 31 The resulting polygons of every
Page 41 and 42: 33 c) The location of supply nodes
Page 43 and 44: 35 In the network made of 13 arcs t
Page 45 and 46: 37 and 600 mm per year. Springs and
Page 47 and 48: 39 Agricultural 13.4 4.4 - - Na 17.
Page 49: Basin: TELLARO Code: 19086 Area: 38
Page 53 and 54: 45 total balance (table 14) of the
Page 55 and 56: 47 Table 15 - Arc length, and eleva
Page 57 and 58: 49 4.5 The Costs of Transshipment T
Page 59 and 60: 51 Figure 16 - Transhipment optimal
Page 61 and 62: 53 general equilibrium between the
Page 63 and 64: 55 6 References Agnew C. and Anders
Page 65 and 66: 57 Commissario Delegato per l'Emerg
Page 67 and 68: 59 Peel M. C., Finlayson B. L., and
Page 69 and 70: ANNEX A Transportation script MODEL
Page 71 and 72: ANNEX C Global optimal solution fou
Page 73 and 74: 65 Global optimal solution found. T
Page 79: 71 Global optimal solution found. T

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