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the Detroit river (969, 358, 351) tend to be lighter than tho se in th e Central andEastern Basins (23, 102 1,935; Fig. 5. 1.4; see also Fig. 4.I .Sa). The stations 961 , 1012. 973, 962, 974. 84 arc transitional an d demonstrate value s close to the average of mean isotopic values (F ig. 5.1.4; see also Fig. 4.1.8a and Section 4.1.2). In addition, station 1021 demonstrates somewh at peculiar isoto pic composition cbaracterized by lJCenriched higher mol ecular weight compounds (Fig. 4.1.8b, 5.1.4). The onJy noticeable deviation in molecul ar composition is un usually high concentration of Per at station % 9 (Fig. 5.1.3; see also Fig. 4.1.4c and Section 4.1.1). Thi s cluster apparently was fonned by transport and redistribution of diluted pollution signal from the cities by surface and bottom circ ulation. Some minor deviations from the general pattern can be attri buted to the influence oflocal sources. The co ntaminated flow ofthe Detroit River, spreads in the Western Basin andis partially diverted to the Ce ntra l Basin. Th is flow veers in different directio ns, and might reach as far as the shore of Ohio (Hamblin, 1971). This is consistent with isotopic composition ofsites 357, 35 8, and 969 , whic h. is similar to that of the station at Detroit (97 1: Fig. 4. 1.5. 4.1.8a, 5.1.4). Three transitional stations (974 , 973, to12) are found in the bas in (Fig. 4.1.8a ), and their BIl e values can possibly be attributed 10 somewhat differen t isotopic signature introduced by the Mawnee and Rasin Rivers. Station 969 exhibits high concentrations of Per (Fig. 4 .1.4c ), which suggests that it might be affected by some local sources. Further, the major flow of the Detroit River is diverted eastward through the Pelee Passa ge to eventually enter the Central Basin (F ig. 5,1.5. 5.1.7). On 170
Figure 5.1.7 Station locations and the panern ofpennanent surface circulation after Hamblin ( 1971) and Ristic and Ristic (1985). Note the easterly directed flow along the southern shore ofthe lake.
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POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN
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composition. Portions ofthe lake th
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TABLE OF CONTENTS . ABSTRAcr._._ _
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6. CONCLUSIONS_._ _....._._._ _ ._
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FIGURE 3.104 CONfIGURATION OF ISOCH
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FIGURE 4 .2.12 SAMPLES AND PROMINEN
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fIGURE 5.3.1 DESCR1Pl1VE MODEL OF S
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APPENDIX B 3 _ T HEoerwt Of A PtUNC
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Ip » Ideno(l,2.3 cd)pyrene NIST =
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Figure L 1.1 The 16 parental polycy
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After release by the primary source
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decomposition processes (O'Malley e
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Figure 2.1.1 The Great Lakes draina
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;: Duluth Chicago 1 J Lake Superior
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are the Black River, the Cuyaho ga
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Figure 1.1.5 The pattern of permane
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sedimentary basins, Western. Centra
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Figure 2. 1.8 Summer (July) air and
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Natural Resources: The lower Great
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American waters under the current U
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continuously overflowed com bined s
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3.1 EXPERIMENTAL 3. METHODS 3.1.1 S
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Table 3,1.1 Locations and types ofs
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Figure 3.12 Extraction and purifica
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hexane. 2) the unsaturated aliphati
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this problem. Ratios ofthe two stab
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Figure 3. 1.4 Configuration ofIsoch
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3.2.1 UNl- AND BIVAJUATE METHODS Th
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f igure 3.2. 1 Mean and range (± s
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utilized the same instrument (Isoch
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Selecting lIt1J'iahlu: It was demon
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w- _ 71
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seven variables with fewer missing
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analysis also employed a greate r n
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description. The second cluster ana
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elationships between different site
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Figure 4.1.3 Regression ofthree fir
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Figure 4.[.5 Isotopic composition (
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Figure 4.1.6 Weights ofvariables (c
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Figure 4.1.8 Distri bution ofsample
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those at the majority ofstations. S
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Ion, 969, 971, 357, 358). In additi
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Figure 4.2.3 Samples and prominent
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analysis supported some ofthc previ
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, ", Is , , >\ ryr " II ,- - , I ,
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11'
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sources (Fi g. 4.2 .5c). This compo
Page 143: Figure 4.2.7 The relative contribut
Page 146 and 147: ".1.1.2 Miring CllrIIU (isotopic co
Page 149: Figure 42.9 Samples and promin ent
Page 153: Figure 4.2.11 Samples and prominent
Page 157: Figure 4.2. 13 Samples and prominen
Page 168 and 169: It is difficult to differentiate be
Page 170 and 171: Figure 4.2.18 Weights ofvariables (
Page 172: Figure 42.19 Distribution ofsamples
Page 175 and 176: 5.1 SPATIAL DI STRIBUTION s. DISCUS
Page 177: f igure 5.1.1 Zones coinciding with
Page 180: f igure 5. 1.2 Average and range (
Page 184: Figure 5.1.4 Zones (clusters) in th
Page 187: Figure 5.1.5 Direction ofthe mean s
Page 191: The location ofthe third station at
Page 197: Figure 5.1.8 Station locations and
Page 201 and 202: 5.1.4 and Section 4.1.2). This clus
Page 204: Figure 5.1.1 1 Statioo locations an
Page 208 and 209: unaffected by the contaminated flow
Page 211 and 212: this station is die clo$esf to the
Page 213 and 214: samples and sources (Fig. 52.1 and
Page 216 and 217: There is yet another observation po
Page 218 and 219: with the relative contribution ofdi
Page 221 and 222: Table S.l.1 Six dusters identified
Page 224 and 225: the three previous ly identified zo
Page 226: Figure 5.2.4 Station locations and
Page 229 and 230: contribution from petroleum related
Page 231 and 232: (Fig. 4.2.7). Finally. this site co
Page 233 and 234: Snow melt and sewer releases seem t
Page 235 and 236: importance ofcombustion-derived PAR
Page 237 and 238: Intens ity o(degradation (the South
Page 239 and 240: where this importance is somewhat r
Page 241: Figure 5.2.5 Station tocatices andz
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:2 for molecular composition assume
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ange of Slatistica1 variat ion of t
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Figure 5.].1 Descriptive model ofso
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conveyed into the river through dir
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molecular composition. Its applicat
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Canton L. and Grimal t 1. O. (1992)
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Howell E. T., Marvin C. H., Bilyea
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Olson F. C. W. (l950) The currents
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Willett P. (1981) Similarity and cl
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t Apprndb AI. [cout.) bl S,.lioD A<
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Appendill A6. The two-component mas
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Appendix A7. (cont.) Xl. = X llVt r
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• ass
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Appendix 82. (cont.)
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Appendix IU. (cant.) oj Tue Dec 24
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AppendiI C3. (cont.) Coo c.eo lrati
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