Draft Business Waste Strategy PDF - london.gov.uk - Greater ...

156 Mayor of London
Making waste work in London The Mayor’s Draft Business Waste Management Strategy
by plants many millions of years ago, and this has increased its
concentration in the atmosphere by some 12 per cent over the past
century. It contributes about 60 per cent of the potential global warming
effect of man-made emissions of greenhouse gases.
Char is the product of partially burned biomass. The modern source of
char is from a process called pyrolysis. In this process, biomass is heated
to the point where volatile gases and liquids are driven off and condensed
into a product call bio-oil. What remains is almost pure carbon, called char
with a varying ash content that depends on the type of biomass used.
Climate change An increase in the atmospheric concentration of
greenhouse gases from human activities such as burning fossil fuels, leads
to an enhanced greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases present in the
atmosphere absorb outgoing infrared radiation from the earth surface
(terrestrial radiation) causing some heat to be retained. This greenhouse
property of the atmosphere acts as a natural blanket over the earth’s
surface making it warmer than it would otherwise be. Without this effect
the Earth’s surface would be 20 to 30°C colder and much less suitable for
life. However, changing the greenhouse properties of the atmosphere will
lead to changes in the earth’s radiative energy budget (the balance
between incoming energy from the Sun and outgoing energy from the
Earth), which leads to a global warming and as a consequence will affect
other aspects of the Earth’s climate.
Clinical Waste Waste which consists of human or animal tissue, bodily
fluids, pharmaceuticals, sharps etc. and any waste arising from medical,
dental, veterinary or similar practices.
Closed-Loop Recycling is when a material is recycled and returned to a
similar state and use as when it was first consumed, for example, when
container glass is collected, sorted, reprocessed back into cullet and
manufactured back into container glass.
Combined Cooling, Heat and Power The combined production of
electricity and usable heat is known as Combined Cooling, Heat and
Power (CCHP). Steam or hot water, which would otherwise be rejected
when electricity alone is produced, is used for space or process heating.
Co-mingled Recycled materials that are collected together and are
recycled following further sorting.
Commercial Waste Waste arising from premises which are wholly
or mainly for trade, business, sport, recreation or entertainment as
defined in Schedule 4 of the Controlled Waste Regulations 1992.
Composting The biological degradation of organic materials, such
as green garden and organic kitchen waste, in the presence of oxygen