A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF PSYCHOTHERAPY ...

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Table 2.5 Program Evaluation Details of Selected Studies of EF/AP 29 Study Greenwald (2001) Observational Program Evaluation Sample Characteristics, Sample Size n=81 Urban pop of all male students in residential treatment at Green Chimneys, 6-16 year olds, of various ethnicities, mostly Af-Am, diagnosed w/severe ED, behavioral difficulties, and/or neglect. Multiple mh diagnoses represented. Targeted Behaviors Intervention/Comparison Assessment Outcome *Horse-human 2x week, instruction on 8 Instruments: 1. H1: partly bond→ levels of horse care and approx 30” History 2. Demo 3. confirmed. No stat frustration riding in small groups of 3- Rosenberg Self- sig influence on selfesteem tolerance, selfesteem, 4. No further information.* Esteem Scale 4. or and Brief Measure of frustration tolerance. anxiety and Frustration ↑attacment=↑anxiety depression. Tolerance 5. & depression. H1: Bonding will Achenbach Youth H2: Parly confirmed. predict ↑ selfesteem, SR 6. Youth- Did not contribute to Equine Bonding self-esteem or frustration Scale 7. 2 Green frustration tolerance. tolerance, ↓ Chimneys ↑depression & depression, Longitudinal anxiety ↓likely to be anxiety. Assessment involved. H2: Involvement Scales. H3: Not supported. in th will predict Behavior & overall ↑ self-esteem, conduct not frustration affected. tolerance, ↓ depression, anxiety. H3: Conduct in th predicts ↑ self-esteem, frustration Reported reliability tolerance, ↓ and validity. depression, anxiety. *confound/limitation
Table 2.5--Continued 30 Study Iannone (2003) Observational Program Evaluation/Impact Assessment *confound/limitation Sample Characteristics, Sample Size Eval of existing vocational & tr program for ED adolescents. Atrisk adolescents. n=19, M=13, F=6, age 12-16, ethnically & diagnostically diverse in residential trtmt, with severe ED & limited/no success w/previous tx. Selected by school.trtmt team Comparison: n=8 M=4, F=4, 12-15; Wait Listed. *attrition. Refused to participate=1, Discharged=2. Targeted Behaviors Intervention/Comparison Assessment Outcome H1: Selfperceptions 2 days week @ 2 hours. 3 ↑as phases @ 6 weeks. ↑dep result of time in on successful completion of program.P1: selfesteem each phase. ↑T1, ↑T2 1. Basics of horse care & P2:↑internal LOC barn mgt. + basic riding H2: Psychiatric skills. sx & behav 2. Peer mentorship of probs incoming phase 1. ↓as result of time 3. Work-study con’t training P3: ↓T1, ↓T2 P4: Participants responsible for Staff ratings↑P5: all aspects of horse care ↓violent outburst, during time at site. behav probs x T H3:vocational skills P6: scores ↑xT P7: scores in passing range 6 week intervals 1. Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale 2. Nowicki- Strickland LOC Scale 3. Symptom Checklist-90 SR 4. Behavior Rating Index for Children 4. Self-developed knowledge test 5. Proficiency skill tests + Retrospective Chart Review. Brief survey by prospective employers + # that went to work. Admin by investigator. Reported reliability/ validity 86% completers Phase 1. 78% → Phase 2. 25% → Phase 3.* Phase 1:Stat sig ↑ s.e. No other sig changes. Phase 2: con’t sig ↑ s.e., + ↑ shift toward external LOC. No other sig changes. WLC: No sig changes. P1: strongly supported. P
Page 1 and 2: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE EFFECTS
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Some time ago I ca
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Page 7 and 8: APPENDIX 6. FUTURE DIRECTIONS .....
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF TABLES Table Page 2.1 GRADE
Page 11 and 12: The purpose of this systematic revi
Page 13 and 14: movement manifested in some neurolo
Page 15 and 16: Animals have been used for therapeu
Page 17 and 18: traumatic brain injury, attention d
Page 19 and 20: vendor (Borzo, 2002). Interestingly
Page 21 and 22: therapists address a variety of men
Page 23 and 24: interest in nature-based therapies
Page 25 and 26: their perceptions of the world. Man
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER 2 METHODS 2.1 Literature Se
Page 29 and 30: Retrieved potentially relevant publ
Page 31 and 32: were achieved in regard to desired
Page 33 and 34: Table 2.2--Continued 24 Study Graha
Page 35 and 36: Table 2.3--Continued Study Ewing, M
Page 37: Table 2.4 Pre-Posttest Studies with
Page 41 and 42: CHAPTER 3 RESULTS 3.1 Description o
Page 43 and 44: used to compute outcomes. In the re
Page 45 and 46: that participants with increased le
Page 47 and 48: 3.1.7.2 GRADE The results of the ap
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER 4 DISCUSSION To date, there
Page 51 and 52: generalizability (Shambo et al), or
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTER 5 IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL W
Page 55 and 56: 5.1.1 Adjunctive Uses Interventions
Page 57 and 58: CHAPTER 6 FUTURE DIRECTIONS Despite
Page 59 and 60: effects of this application on the
Page 61 and 62: Beckman-Devik, L. & Ansin, C, (Wint
Page 63 and 64: (http://www.horsesandhumans.org/Res
Page 65 and 66: handling, grooming, longeing, ridin
Page 67 and 68: APPENDIX C PRECAUTIONS AND CONTRAIN
Page 69 and 70: An acute episode of “reactive air
Page 71 and 72: REFERENCES Acampora, T. (2008). Not
Page 73 and 74: Birch, A. & Hong, C. S. (2007). A l
Page 75 and 76: Cornelius, S. (2002). An explorator
Page 77 and 78: Fine, A., H. (2000). Animals and th
Page 79 and 80: Hansen, K., Messinger, C., Baun, M.
Page 81 and 82: *Kaiser, L. K., Spence, L. J., Lave
Page 83 and 84: Levinson, B. M. (1972). Man, animal
Page 85 and 86: National Association of Social Work
Page 87 and 88: Root, A. (2000). Equine-assisted th
Page 89 and 90:
Tedeschi, P. (1992). Guidelines for
Page 91 and 92:
Yorke, J. (2008). The significance
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