COST 507 - Repositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto

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three different sections starting from binary liquid Cu-Mg alloys (50, 75, and 90 at% Mg), and one section starting from a binary liquid Mg-Y alloy (8 at% Y). The obtained experimental results for ternary liquid alloys were interpreted using an association model [82Som2, 90Som]. It was found that a good description was possible with the assumption of three binary associates (Cu 2 Mg, CuY, Mg 2 Y). With the model parameters obtained from the three limiting binary systems it was possible to calculate thermodynamic properties for ternary liquid alloys. Although there are some indications for ternary interactions, the existing experimental data are still not extensive enough to warrant a corresponding evaluation. All experimental details and the final results are summarized in Appendix 2 and are published as [97Gan2]. 4 The Ternary Cu-Mg-Si System 4.1 Thermodynamic Properties Magnesium vapor pressures were determined along an isopleth with a constant concentration ratio of Xcu/xsi = 7/3 using again the described isopiestic method [93Gna]. This particular composition was selected because of a minimum melting temperature of 802°C at the eutectic point (30 at% Si) in the Cu-Si binary system [8601e]. It was supposed to guarantee a maximum stability range of the liquid phase in the corresponding ternary section which, however, was reduced considerably by the appearance of a melting point maximum of about 950°C around 33 at% Mg and 13 at% Si [39Wit, 60Asc]. From the vapor pressure measurements, partial thermodynamic properties of magnesium were derived; they are presented for a temperature of 1173 K. A Gibbs- Duhem integration was performed based on the method of Peiton and Flengas [69Pel], using the obtained magnesium activities to calculate integral Gibbs energies of mixing for liquid alloys in the investigated isopleth. The enthalpy of mixing in this isopleth with Xc u /x s ¡ = 7/3 was determined by solution calorimetry [80Som]. Measurements were performed starting both from liquid binary Cu 0 7 Si 0 3 -alloys (and adding solid magnesium) and from liquid magnesium (adding solid Cu 07 Si 03 -samples). Partial enthalpies of mixing of magnesium were derived from the obtained data and were found to be in very good agreement with those derived from the temperature dependence of the magnesium activities. The obtained thermodynamic results are again interpreted by the described association model [82Som2, 90Som]. All experimental details as well as the final results can be found in Appendix 3 and will be published soon [97Gan3]. 4.2 Phase Diagram The Cu-Mg-Si phase diagram along the isopleth with XcAsi = 7/3 was studied by means of differential thermal analyses (DTA) and X-ray powder diffraction methods. With these it was possible to derive the shape of the liquidus curve. The phase relationships at lower temperatures are very complicated (see also [60Asc]), and it was found that additional measurements will be necessary outside the investigated section - 60 -
(especially around 33 at% Mg) in order to be able to interpret all experimental observations unequivocally and to construct a correct and consistent phase diagram. These experiments are still in progress. 5 Acknowledgement The financial support of this study by the Austrian „Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Verkehr und Kunst" (contract No. GZ 49.888) and the German „Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie" (contract No. 03K72025) within the framework of the COST 507 project is gratefully acknowledged. 6 References 39Wit H Witte, Metallwirtschaft, 1939,18, 459463. 60Ase L J Asehan, Acta Polytechn Scand, Chem Includ Metall Ser No 11, 1960, 163 69Pel A D Peiton, S N Flengas, Can J Chem, 1969, 47, 22832292. 73Roc E G Rochow: Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 1, J C Bailor, Jr, H J Emeleus, R Nyholm, and A F TrotmanDickenson, eds, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973, p. 1361. 80Som F Sommer, J J Lee, Β Predel, Ζ Metallkd, 1980, 71, 818821. 82 Sonil F Sommer, Materials and Physical Chemistry in Liquid Metal Systems, H M Borgstedt, ed, Plenum Press, New York, 1982, 387393. 82 Som2 f Sommer, Ζ Metallkd, 1982, 73, 7276; 7786. 8601e R W Olesinski, G J Abbaschian, Bull Alloy Phase Diag, 1986, 7, 170178. 89 Ips H Ipser, R Krachler, K L Komarek, Thermochemistry of Alloys, H Brodowsky and ΗJ Schaller, eds, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1989, pp. 293306. 90Heh F Hehmann, F Sommer, Β Predel, Mater. Sci. Eng., 1990, A125, 249. 90Som F Sommer, J NonCryst Solids, 1990,117/118, 505512. 920ka H Okamoto, J Phase Equil, 1992,13, 102103. 94Feu H Feufel, M Krishnaiah, F Sommer, Β Predel, J Phase Equil, 1994, 15, 303309. 94Gna Τ Gnanasekaran, H Ipser, Met Mater Trans Β, 1994, 25B, 6372. 95Feu H Feufel, F. Sommer, J Alloys Comp, 1995, 224, 4254. 97Ganl V Ganesan, H Ipser, J Chim Physique, 1997, in print. 97Gan2 V Ganesan, F Schuller, H Feufel, F Sommer, H Ipser, Ζ Metallkd, 1997, submitted for publication. 97Gan3 V Ganesan, H Feufel, F Sommer, H Ipser, Met Mater Trans, 1997, publication in preparation. 61
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European Commission COST European c
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European Commission COST European c
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Preface The Final Workshop of the C
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COST 507 STRUCTURE Measurement and
Page 13: GRl: Mirtee S.A., Volos Mr.P.Polati
Page 16 and 17: D9 Dll Fl GR2 II NI S3 SF1 "Thermop
Page 19 and 20: A Summary of the COST 507 Action an
Page 21 and 22: Aluminium-based systems Titanium-ba
Page 23 and 24: An Example using the COST 507 Datab
Page 25 and 26: Appendix COST 507: Some Key Meeting
Page 27 and 28: Al - 0.5 Fe, 1 Mg, 0.8 Mn, 0.2 Si (
Page 29 and 30: Fig 4 Aluminium beverage cans. The
Page 31: Fig 6 High pressure compressor vane
Page 34 and 35: INTRODUCTION All of us are aware of
Page 36 and 37: In the interaction with materials a
Page 38 and 39: There was a first warning more than
Page 40 and 41: Some time ago, the well-known physi
Page 42 and 43: Today there is a whole range of ins
Page 44 and 45: The dimension of this reservoir inc
Page 46 and 47: REFERENCES [ 1 ] G. Petzow, "Man, M
Page 48 and 49: Trends in Application of Materials
Page 50 and 51: Raw Materials The Cycle of Material
Page 52 and 53: i LÌ i.'»Af·· iù^ VV.V.X. iTTa
Page 54 and 55: 1600 OJ 1200 .« 1100 d 1000 900 Si
Page 57 and 58: Al Phase Relations in the Aluminium
Page 59 and 60: oundaries of the single phase regio
Page 61 and 62: Table 1 : Crystallographic Data of
Page 63: order to facilitate the evaluation
Page 67 and 68: 3.System Ti-Sn-Al-N. The investigat
Page 69 and 70: 6) N.Durlu, U.Gruber, M.Pietzka, H.
Page 71 and 72: Summary of final report Directional
Page 73 and 74: calculate the thermodynamic mixing
Page 75 and 76: Introduction It is the aim of this
Page 77 and 78: Thermodynamic evaluations for high
Page 79 and 80: Figure 5 presents the calculated li
Page 81 and 82: There is a complete lack in the lit
Page 83 and 84: a.B5 ø.ia 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
Page 85 and 86: 700 [53Phi] 800 +[90Kuz21 ]iquld a
Page 87 and 88: Thermodynamic Assessments, Experime
Page 89 and 90: AIN and TiNi_ x is also given. Vari
Page 91 and 92: satisfied the three requirements of
Page 93 and 94: 84Bey R. Beyers, R. Sinclair, and M
Page 95 and 96: Material and Methods 2.1 Fabricatio
Page 97 and 98: 3.4 Electronmicroscopy (SEM) and X-
Page 99 and 100: Tab. 3: Density of the Ti20Albase
Page 101 and 102: Tab.5. continued TÌ20A1 5CulONi Ti
Page 103 and 104: Fig. 3: ESMA and Xray diffraction
Page 105 and 106: Fig.7: Wetting angle of Ti 15A1 lOC
Page 107 and 108: Thermophysical Properties of Light
Page 109 and 110: Tab.2 Chemical composition of terna
Page 111 and 112: 700 (AI)+AIFeS¡«_600 KS1275.1 l
Page 113 and 114: 4.2 Thermal conductivity of industr
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4.3 AlSiZn alloys Electrical re
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94Jar/Bra G.Jaroma-Weiland, R.Brand
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MgZn9 (C 14) and Mg2Zn u in the Al
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The three Laves phases were describ
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References [13Ege] G. Eger, Z. Meta
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0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 mole fract
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□ [48Koe] 600 500 400 0 0.1 0
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MggZn,, this work □ Single phase,
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Temperatures in °C 0.05 0.10 mole
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Table 2 : Alloy compositions Alloy
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All. Dy 50 Cpexp °C Cpadd Table 5
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Zn ¿Kl Si Fig. 2 : Position of the
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22.5 ■■ 7.5 Temperature ICI Tem
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.to 2.5 "lõõ soo iÍOõ dOõ rtõ
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GR2 Differential Scanning Calorimet
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Time (x10 3 sec) Fig. 1. DSC Thermo
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solidification. It can be seen that
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4. Conclusions Differential scannin
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COST 507 - ROUND Π UNIT II SEZIONE
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[96Sac] The Rrich regions of the
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List of publications in the framewo
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2Contributions: oral or posters p
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1996 REPORT 2 s ' PART: ACTIVITY CA
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[96Sei] Excess Gibbs energy coeffic
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List of publications in the framewo
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Proc. :7 th Meeting on "Syntheses a
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2.1 Solid solubility measurements T
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eviews by Rivlin and Raynor [81 Riv
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inaires. Thesis, Universite Scienti
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Table 1. Review of the ternary phas
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L) Liq+bcc=FeSi+t_1 M) Liq+t 1=FeSi
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Extrapolations based on Ti-C-N S3 B
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value has been accepted in all thre
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with high precision whereas Jonsson
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only fit the hightemperature asym
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Jonsson combined his descriptions o
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Table II. Solubility product of TiC
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Ti-C, Z.Metallkd. 86 (1995) 5 319
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1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Τ (K) Fig
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o Oí o 3 4 5 6 7
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M^øD^ O Kelley(1944) • Kelley an
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— cale, with Dumitrescu (1997) -
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€ gfc-π m-, .-π-, π-π .-saa J
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+graph 0 TiN 0.2 0.4 0.6 X TiC 0.8
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Binder et al (1992) TiN 1423 K ■
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0.08 600°C 700°C 800°C 900°C 10
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[59Sto]: Ä600°C □ 70D°C O8Q0°
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2000 Cale, with Saunders (1997) —
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An Experimental Investigation of th
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An Experimental Investigation of th
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211 -
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EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE C
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Fig.1 SEM micrographs of CuMgZr
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■ 888 24 HSM^«" 16—19 3 À I
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Thermodynamic Evaluations of the Al
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Fcc_Al aves_C15 ONU ΔΝ12 αΝ13
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2.2 Assessment The optimisation of
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0.50 0.45 CulOZr7/ 0. 40 Or ^ 0.3
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References [71Kri] Kripyakevich, P.
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Kejun Zeng and Marko Hämäläinen,
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for detennining phase boundary and
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Table 2 Al-Fe-Mn results wt%Fe 0.5
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•00 Γ Ι I I I ~ LIQUID S^ 7iO
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the observed A2-B2 ordering. This p
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1473K Ahmed & Flower [94 Ahmi] 0.2
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900K Paruchuri & Massalski [91Par]
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BCC_B2#2 TI3RL TIPL BCC B2#2 TIRL
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0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 X(LIQ,V) Figure 15
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1 Introduction and Overview of the
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at least 95% by Fe, possibly 99%, a
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8 References 43Phi H W L Phillips,
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1050 1000 Isopleth, Al - Si - 4 wt
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Al-Mn-Si 873 K 0.90 Liquid 0.80 0.7
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A Thermochemical Assessment of Data
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certainly due to the appearance of
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Materials Science Centre, November
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1400 Al-Mn Fig 2 Calculated partial
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1000 ι AlMn I Ι 950 Liquid E ω
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Al-Fe-Mn 843 K 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60
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AlFeMn section at 2 wt% Mn co
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0.50 0.45 0.40-1 LU £ 0.35 LU 0.30
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European Commission EUR 18171 —CO
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NOTICE TO THE READER Information on
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