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• It has been cautioned not to idealize community based conservation as the panacea for the
world‟s protected area challenges due to the difficulty in achieving win – win outcomes of
poverty alleviation and biodiversity conservation
• Protected areas cannot solve the structural problems of society
Understanding linkages
• Linking conservation and poverty reduction means trying to achieve the best possible outcome,
not necessarily a perfect outcome
• The need for exploring complementarities and trade-offs rather than conflict between
conservation and development
• The question is not about promoting poverty reduction over conservation, but about
acknowledging that both poverty reduction and conservation are important objectives and that
it is often necessary to address both in order to achieve either.
Linking is balancing the conservation
• Reconciling the needs of people with conservation and long term
objectives of conservation with immediate needs of the people
• Sweet concept but hard to practice
• In contrary to manage as an isolated protected zone in the past,
protected areas are now seen as part of mosaic of land and natural resource uses and considered
as interdependent with communities and economies.
• The new paradigm of protected area management promotes building a wide range of
constituencies that support protected areas, locating protected areas within the wider agenda of
sustainable development, and giving greater recognition to the rights, needs and cultures of the
indigenous and local communities
• Conservation strategy should address the human and natural processes that influence the
ecology of the wider areas.
• “Ensuring benefits for people” is a principle that underlies the landscape and the ecosystem
based conservation approaches
Understanding linkages
The major functions of protected areas deliver different benefits at different scales.
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