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Major tourist destinations in Nepal • Kathmandu, Pokhara, Chitwan & Lumbini • Annapurna, Sagarmatha, Langtang, Kanchanjunga & Dolpo region • Pashupatinath, Muktinath, Devghat, Barah chhetra, Manakamana, Swargadwari & Khaptad. Importance of Tourism in Nepal • Source of foreign currency • Income & employment opportunities • Improvement in life standard • Awareness & exposure about life & culture. • Development of Infrastructure • Conservation of natural & cultural heritages. • Promotion of traditional skill & knowledge. Explain the roots of Conservation: Ecosystem mgt. and CAs Understanding inter-linkages of ecotourism and biodiversity conservation • The roots of conservationism -ecosystem management and protected areas. – 2 classes • <strong>Ecotourism</strong> and biodiversity - 1 • Principles of eco-tourism - 1 • Role of ethics in ecotourism. -1 • <strong>Ecotourism</strong> typologies -1 Philosophy, principle and theoretical background The roots of conservationism World views on Environment and resources • Western : Master of nature: live over the nature. • The Bible speaks of God creating Man in His own image and letting him "have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle and over all the earth, and every creeping thing that creeps upon the earth" (Genesis 1:26). • Single view – human being separate from the rest. • „It is god will that man exploit nature for his proper ends‟ 8
• Man is only perceived as the user of Nature, not as an integral part of her. • By the ninth century „Man and nature are now two things, man is master‟ believe developed in Europe World views on Environment and resources • Eastern and indigenous Part of the nature: live with the nature • The world as manifestation of a basic oneness. • Basudaiva Kutumbakam. • Human as a part of the whole/natural system. • Importance of relationship of living and nonliving things. Humankind has not woven the web of life. We are but one thread within it. Whatever we do to the web, we do to ourselves. All things are bound together All things connect….” Chief Seattle Exploitation of nature resources • Western world views promote colonisation , conversion and exploitation • Wilderness areas are home to pagans. So needs conversion to bring religious order. • Wild areas are waste or lands not used by human beings are wastelands. • The 1870‟s saw the final decimation of the bison herds. In 1871 Col. R. I. Dodge reported one herd in Colorado being 50 miles wide and 20 miles long, estimated at 4 million head. • Over 8.5 million bison were shot dead in 1871-73. Boson population dropped form 60 million to 150 within 30 yrs, (1869-1889) . • In 1806, Alexander Wilson, an ornithologist for whom the Wilson Society is named, recorded a flight a mile wide and 40 miles along, estimated to be over two billion birds. • 15 million passenger pigeon shipped to market in 1861. • The last passenger pigeon died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914. Root of conservatism • Realisation of the importance of nature as an economic, aesthetic, and spiritual resource, together with a newly urgent conviction that nature's resources were increasingly imperiled. • Inspired by Writers, Explorers, Photographers, Artists etc helped preserve American wilderness some of noted were Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, George Catlin, John Muir, Leopold, Pinchot etc 9
Page 1 and 2: Ecotourism Resource Person: Shreeka
Page 3 and 4: Tourism Products & Activities Na
Page 5 and 6: General Requirements for Eco touris
Page 7: • Annapurna in June 1950 & Mt. Ev
Page 11 and 12: • Harmony - Leopold, • Spiritua
Page 13 and 14: The evolving role of protected area
Page 15 and 16: • Key stakeholders: Government/pr
Page 17 and 18: Unit 2: Ecotourism Policy, Organiza
Page 20 and 21: PAs - Tourism activities relationsh
Page 22 and 23: The median flush distance and the s
Page 24 and 25: Ecotourism enthusiasts are mostly p
Page 26 and 27: 6. Views human resource management
Page 28 and 29: 12. Remove barriers. It is the prin
Page 30 and 31: • Leisure activities : goods, fac
Page 32 and 33: Socio-economic Impact of Tourism
Page 34 and 35: • Responsible travel to natural a
Page 36 and 37: Service Marketing Mix Marketing Mix
Page 38 and 39: Ecotourism Management and Developme
Page 40 and 41: • Eco-labels may focus on certain
Page 42 and 43: • A strong consensus has develope
Page 44 and 45: Many stakeholders have interests in
Page 46 and 47: • Benefit to local community •
Page 48 and 49: • It provides a first-hand encoun
Page 50 and 51: 6.2 Sustainable tourism development
Page 52 and 53: • Taking a stroll through a rainf
Page 54: • Devolution and decentralization

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