PhD Fekete - SZIE version - 2.2 - Szent István Egyetem

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Literature review Figure 2.41. Experimental setup and computational model [Powers et al., 2006] According to their results, the averaged patellofemoral joint reaction force (PFJRF), which is the resultant force of the knee joint, was estimated only a slightly higher than the measured (Figure 2.42). Figure 2.42. Magnitude of the PFJRF [Powers et al., 2006] The reported highest difference in the resultant force was 30 N, which contributes to only about 10% of error between experiment and simulation. It is quite convincing how the simulated resultant force correlates with the measured values, although some discrepancies have to be mentioned as well. The computational model has over- and underestimated the forces in the superior and lateral directions, however the study suggest that the accurate patellofemoral forces, regarding their magnitudes, can be obtained by using computer-based models that neglect joint contact geometry. Still connecting to the question of how the knee joint should be modelled, another study investigated how the different kind of prostheses, ergo, mechanical models, might alter the patellofemoral forces. Innocenti et al. [Innocenti et al., 2011] studied the contact forces of several total knee replacements during squatting by means of numerical models. Their sensitivity analysis examined the following total knee replacement types: fixed bearing posterior stabilized prosthesis, high flexion bearing guided motion prosthesis, mobile bearing prosthesis and a simple hinge prosthesis (Figure 2.43). – 46 –
Literature review Figure 2.43. Total knee replacement models [Innocenti et al., 2011] Their aim was to investigate the sensitivity of the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral contact forces with regard to patient-related anatomical factors. Beside their original aim, their results also let us see how the patellofemoral force changes if different, more and less complex prostheses are used under squatting movement (Figure 2.44). Figure 2.44. Histograms of patellofemoral contact forces [Innocenti et al., 2011] If we look at Figure 2.44, at 60˚ of flexion angle, the patellofemoral forces have almost the same magnitude regarding all the four prostheses, while at 90˚ of flexion angle the prostheses can be divided into two groups. These groups are the fixed bearing types and the mobile bearing-simple hinge types. Although the hinge type is the simplest in the matter of kinematics, still it shows only slight difference regarding the kinetics compared to the mobile bearing type, and negotiable difference compared to the fixed bearing types. – 47 –
Page 1 and 2: SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY KINETICS A
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS NOMENCLATURE AND ABBREVIAT
Page 5 and 6: NOMENCLATURE AND ABBREVIATIONS F pf
Page 7 and 8: ψ : Angle between the quadriceps t
Page 9 and 10: v CTt : Tangential velocity compone
Page 11 and 12: Introduction 1. INTRODUCTION AND OB
Page 13 and 14: 1.3. Aims of the PhD thesis Introdu
Page 15 and 16: Literature review 2. LITERATURE REV
Page 17 and 18: Literature review Figure 2.3. The f
Page 19 and 20: Literature review Figure 2.6. Patel
Page 21 and 22: Literature review Figure 2.8. Compo
Page 23 and 24: Literature review The knee carries
Page 25 and 26: Literature review For this reason,
Page 27 and 28: Literature review Figure 2.12. Thre
Page 29 and 30: Literature review As a short overvi
Page 31 and 32: Literature review Moment arm 60 [mm
Page 33 and 34: Literature review I. They demonstra
Page 35 and 36: Literature review The presented mod
Page 37 and 38: Literature review ε angle [˚] 100
Page 39 and 40: Literature review Fpf/Fq [-] 1.2 1
Page 41 and 42: Literature review β angle [˚] Mal
Page 43 and 44: Literature review Figure 2.35. Mech
Page 45 and 46: Literature review Moment arm 60 [mm
Page 47 and 48: Literature review Let us follow the
Page 49: Literature review Finally, the pate
Page 53 and 54: Literature review One great advanta
Page 55 and 56: Literature review Implant wear is t
Page 57 and 58: 2.3.2. General numerical models Lit
Page 59 and 60: a) The tibia plateau is a flat surf
Page 61 and 62: Literature review From their calcul
Page 63 and 64: Literature review Although a simila
Page 65 and 66: Literature review Slide/Roll [-] 1
Page 67 and 68: Literature review Figure 2.62. Mult
Page 69 and 70: Materials and Methods 3.1. Methodol
Page 71 and 72: Materials and Methods For the sake
Page 73 and 74: Materials and Methods 9 th QUESTION
Page 75 and 76: Materials and Methods 3.3. New anal
Page 77 and 78: Materials and Methods 3.3.3. Free-b
Page 79 and 80: Materials and Methods Figure 3.6. F
Page 81 and 82: Materials and Methods By the introd
Page 83 and 84: Materials and Methods 3.4. Experime
Page 85 and 86: Materials and Methods Figure 3.7. C
Page 87 and 88: Materials and Methods All of the pa
Page 89 and 90: Materials and Methods 3.4.5. Measur
Page 91 and 92: x c Materials and Methods ∑ Fi
Page 93 and 94: Materials and Methods Probability D
Page 95 and 96: Materials and Methods Figure 3.18.
Page 97 and 98: Materials and Methods By doing so,
Page 99 and 100: 3.4.7.2. Steps of the approach Mate
Page 101 and 102:
Materials and Methods All the funct
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Materials and Methods β [º] 40 20
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Materials and Methods If the center
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Materials and Methods By the use of
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Materials and Methods Thus, one pri
Page 111 and 112:
Materials and Methods I. The patter
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3.6.3. Geometrical models Materials
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Materials and Methods − − −
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3.6.4.3. Contact [MSC.ADAMS] Materi
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Materials and Methods Besides the k
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Materials and Methods By multiplyin
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Results 4. RESULTS 4.1. Results reg
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Results This closely equal percenta
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Results Fpf/BW [-] 8 Fekete et al.
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Results In reality, human subjects
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Results 4.2. Results regarding the
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Results 0.8 Χ [-] 1 Sliding-rollin
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Results Χ [-] 1 Sliding-rolling ra
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Results Among the tested prostheses
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Results χ [-] 1 Averaged sliding-r
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Results Χ [-] 1 Sliding-rolling ra
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4.3. New scientific results Results
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Results 3 rd Thesis: Based on the m
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Conclusions and Suggestions 5. CONC
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Conclusions and Suggestions Suggest
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Summary 6. SUMMARY In this doctoral
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Appendix APPENDIX A1. Bibliography
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Appendix [31] Csizmadia B. M., Nán
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Appendix [61] Gill H. S., O’Conno
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Appendix [93] Klebanov B. M., Barla
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Appendix [123] Nägerl H., Frosch K
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Appendix [154] Reuben J. D., McDona
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Appendix [187] Wahrenberg H., Lindb
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Appendix 6. Fekete G., Kátai L.: M
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Appendix Figure 3. Setting Stitchin
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Appendix Fpf/Fq [-] 1.2 h = 6 mm h
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Appendix η1 angle [˚] 6 Hirokawa
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Appendix Figure 13. Mechanical mode
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Appendix Ψ angle [˚] 10 Van Eijde
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Appendix Figure 19. Mechanical mode
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Appendix - 177 -
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PhD Fekete - SZIE version - 2.2 - Szent István Egyetem

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