PhD Fekete - SZIE version - 2.2 - Szent István Egyetem

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Materials and Methods Figure 3.17. Plotted y c on the model Problem occurred, when we simply tried to connect the markers with a line in other positions then standing, since the markers on the knee and the femur proximalis were shifted. Due to this shift during the motion, the markers (at point B and C) did not show the proper position of the bone endings. Only the marker on the ankle (point A) did not alter its position during squatting. In order to evade this problem, a new construction procedure was developed to find the correct positions of the markers in other squatting status. This method is presented now in details. Additional auxiliary points have to be specified in order to construct the shifted point B and C. Let us denote these shifted points now on as B’ and C’. At the initial standing position (Figure 3.18), the length of AB and BC section can be easily allocated. Two more auxiliary points are needed, which have the attribute of not changing their position during the movement (like point A), thus they can be used to construct the shifted point B’ and C’. To carry out this construction segments have to be found on the leg, where the tissue does not move significantly under squatting motion. During squatting, the muscular activity is low in the hamstrings and tibialis anterior muscles [Bishop and Denham, 1978]. This fact can be used as follows: in the appointed areas, due to the lack of muscle activity, the deformation of the tissue surroundings is fairly low. Therefore, these areas can be modelled during the construction as rigid bodies (Figure 3.17). By considering these segments as rigid bodies, two auxiliary points (P and Q) can be appointed and measured by radius R 1-2-3-4 . With the help of these two extra points (P and Q), the shifted points (B’ and C’) can be determined in any position. – 90 –
Materials and Methods Figure 3.18. 1 st construction position To carry out the construction, six constants (AB and BC length, R 1-2-3-4 radiuses) have to be determined by the following steps (Figure 3.18 and Figure 3.19): • Let us denote the point of ankle as A, the femur distalis as B, and the femur proximalis as C. • AB and BC length must be measured (from point A and B) and stored in AUTOCAD. • Let us draw a circle from point A, denoted by R 1 , which crosses the anterior part of the shin in an arbitrary point. Let the R 1 radius be stored, and the arbitrary point denoted as Q. • From the intersection of R 1 and the shin (point Q), let us draw another circle, denoted by R 2 , which intersects point B. This radius must be stored as well. • Let us draw again a circle from point B, denoted by R 3 , which crosses the posterior part of the thigh in an arbitrary point. Let the R 3 radius be stored, and the arbitrary point denoted as P. • From the intersection of R 3 and the thigh (point P), let us draw another circle, denoted by R 4 , which intersects point C. This radius must be stored as well. – 91 –
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SZENT ISTVÁN UNIVERSITY KINETICS A
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CONTENTS NOMENCLATURE AND ABBREVIAT
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NOMENCLATURE AND ABBREVIATIONS F pf
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ψ : Angle between the quadriceps t
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v CTt : Tangential velocity compone
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Introduction 1. INTRODUCTION AND OB
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1.3. Aims of the PhD thesis Introdu
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Literature review 2. LITERATURE REV
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Literature review Figure 2.3. The f
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Literature review Figure 2.6. Patel
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Literature review Figure 2.8. Compo
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Literature review The knee carries
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Literature review For this reason,
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Literature review Figure 2.12. Thre
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Literature review As a short overvi
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Literature review Moment arm 60 [mm
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Literature review I. They demonstra
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Literature review The presented mod
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Literature review ε angle [˚] 100
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Literature review Fpf/Fq [-] 1.2 1
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Literature review β angle [˚] Mal
Page 43 and 44: Literature review Figure 2.35. Mech
Page 45 and 46: Literature review Moment arm 60 [mm
Page 47 and 48: Literature review Let us follow the
Page 49 and 50: Literature review Finally, the pate
Page 51 and 52: Literature review Figure 2.43. Tota
Page 53 and 54: Literature review One great advanta
Page 55 and 56: Literature review Implant wear is t
Page 57 and 58: 2.3.2. General numerical models Lit
Page 59 and 60: a) The tibia plateau is a flat surf
Page 61 and 62: Literature review From their calcul
Page 63 and 64: Literature review Although a simila
Page 65 and 66: Literature review Slide/Roll [-] 1
Page 67 and 68: Literature review Figure 2.62. Mult
Page 69 and 70: Materials and Methods 3.1. Methodol
Page 71 and 72: Materials and Methods For the sake
Page 73 and 74: Materials and Methods 9 th QUESTION
Page 75 and 76: Materials and Methods 3.3. New anal
Page 77 and 78: Materials and Methods 3.3.3. Free-b
Page 79 and 80: Materials and Methods Figure 3.6. F
Page 81 and 82: Materials and Methods By the introd
Page 83 and 84: Materials and Methods 3.4. Experime
Page 85 and 86: Materials and Methods Figure 3.7. C
Page 87 and 88: Materials and Methods All of the pa
Page 89 and 90: Materials and Methods 3.4.5. Measur
Page 91 and 92: x c Materials and Methods ∑ Fi
Page 93: Materials and Methods Probability D
Page 97 and 98: Materials and Methods By doing so,
Page 99 and 100: 3.4.7.2. Steps of the approach Mate
Page 101 and 102: Materials and Methods All the funct
Page 103 and 104: Materials and Methods β [º] 40 20
Page 105 and 106: Materials and Methods If the center
Page 107 and 108: Materials and Methods By the use of
Page 109 and 110: Materials and Methods Thus, one pri
Page 111 and 112: Materials and Methods I. The patter
Page 113 and 114: 3.6.3. Geometrical models Materials
Page 115 and 116: Materials and Methods − − −
Page 117 and 118: 3.6.4.3. Contact [MSC.ADAMS] Materi
Page 119 and 120: Materials and Methods Besides the k
Page 121 and 122: Materials and Methods By multiplyin
Page 123 and 124: Results 4. RESULTS 4.1. Results reg
Page 125 and 126: Results This closely equal percenta
Page 127 and 128: Results Fpf/BW [-] 8 Fekete et al.
Page 129 and 130: Results In reality, human subjects
Page 131 and 132: Results 4.2. Results regarding the
Page 133 and 134: Results 0.8 Χ [-] 1 Sliding-rollin
Page 135 and 136: Results Χ [-] 1 Sliding-rolling ra
Page 137 and 138: Results Among the tested prostheses
Page 139 and 140: Results χ [-] 1 Averaged sliding-r
Page 141 and 142: Results Χ [-] 1 Sliding-rolling ra
Page 143 and 144: 4.3. New scientific results Results
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Results 3 rd Thesis: Based on the m
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Conclusions and Suggestions 5. CONC
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Conclusions and Suggestions Suggest
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Summary 6. SUMMARY In this doctoral
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Appendix APPENDIX A1. Bibliography
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Appendix [31] Csizmadia B. M., Nán
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Appendix [61] Gill H. S., O’Conno
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Appendix [93] Klebanov B. M., Barla
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Appendix [123] Nägerl H., Frosch K
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Appendix [154] Reuben J. D., McDona
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Appendix [187] Wahrenberg H., Lindb
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Appendix 6. Fekete G., Kátai L.: M
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Appendix Figure 3. Setting Stitchin
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Appendix Fpf/Fq [-] 1.2 h = 6 mm h
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Appendix η1 angle [˚] 6 Hirokawa
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Appendix Figure 13. Mechanical mode
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Appendix Ψ angle [˚] 10 Van Eijde
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Appendix Figure 19. Mechanical mode
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Appendix - 177 -
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PhD Fekete - SZIE version - 2.2 - Szent István Egyetem

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