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REFERENCES Rose, J.M. & Caron, D.A., 2007. Does low temperature constrain the growth rates of heterotrophic protists? Evidence and implications for algal blooms in cold waters. Limnology and Oceanography, 52(2), 886-895. Sakka Hlaili, A., Grami, B., Hadj Mabrouk, H., Gosselin, M. & Hamel, D., 2007. Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing rates in a restricted Mediterranean lagoon (Bizerte Lagoon, Tunisia). Marine Biology, 151, 767-783. Scheffer, M., Rinaldi, S., Huisman, J. & Weissing, F.J., 2003. Why plankton communities have no equilibrium: solutions to the paradox. Hydrobiologia, 491(1-3), 9-18. Schlüter, M.H., Merico, A., Wiltshire, K.H., Greve, W. & von Storch, H., 2008. A statistical analysis of climate variability and ecosystem response in the German Bight. Ocean Dynamics, 58(3-4), 169-186. Schnepf, E. & Elbrächter, M., 1992. Nutritional strategies in dinoflagellates – a review with emphasis on cell biological aspects. European Journal of Protistology, 28(1), 3-24. Schoo, K.L., 2010. Stoichiometric constraints in primary producers affect secondary consumers. PhD thesis pp. 120. Kiel: Christian-Albrechts-Universität. Sherr, E.B. & Sherr, B.F., 2002. Significance of predation by protists in aquatic microbial food webs. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek International Journal of General and Molecular Microbiology, 81(1-4), 293-308. Sherr, E.B. & Sherr, B.F., 2007. Heterotrophic dinoflagellates: a significant component of microzooplankton biomass and major grazers of diatoms in the sea. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 352, 187-197. Sherr, E.B., Sherr, B.F. & Paffenhöfer, G.-A., 1986. Phagotrophic protozoa as food for metazoans: a „missing“ trophic link in marine pelagic food webs? Marine Microbial Food Webs, 1(2), 61-80. Shiganova, T.A., Musaeva, E.I., Bulgakova, Y.V., Mirzoyan, Z.A. & Martynyuk, M.L., 2003. Invaders ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi (A. Agassiz) and Beroe ovata Mayer 1912, and their influence on the pelagic ecosystem of northeastern Black Sea. Biology Bulletin, 30(2), 180-190. Sieburth, J.M., Smetacek, V. & Lenz, J., 1978. Pelagic ecosystem structure – heterotrophic compartments of plankton and their relationship to plankton size fractions – comment. Limnology and Oceanography, 23(6), 1256-1263. Sime-Ngando, T., Demers, S. & Juniper, S.K., 1999. Protozoan bacterivory in the ice and the water column of a cold temperate lagoon. Microbial Ecology, 37(2), 95- 106. Singarajah, K.V., 1969. Escape reactions of zooplankton: the avoidance of a pursing siphon tube. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 3(2), 171-178. Smetacek, V., 1981. The Annual Cycle of Proto-Zooplankton in the Kiel Bight. Marine Biology, 63(1), 1-11. Smetacek, V., 1984. Growth dynamics of a common Baltic protozooplankter: The ciliate genus Lohmanniella. Limnologica, 15(2), 371-376. Sommer, F., Saage, A., Santer, B., Hansen, T. & Sommer, U., 2005. Linking foraging strategies of marine calanoid copepods to patterns of nitrogen stable isotope signatures in a mesocosm study. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 286, 99-106. Sommer, U., 1996. Plankton ecology: The past two decades of progress. Naturwissenschaften, 83(7), 293-301. Sommer, U., Aberle, N., Engel, A., Hansen, T., Lengfellner, K., Sandow, M., Wohlers, J., Zöllner, E. & Riebesell, U., 2007. An indoor mesocosm system to study the effect of climate change on the late winter and spring succession of Baltic Sea phyto- and zooplankton. Oecologia, 150, 655-667. 152
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Page 1 and 2:
The role of heterotrophic dinoflage
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“What we know is a drop, what we
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INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Understan
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INTRODUCTION flagellates) and metaz
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INTRODUCTION The remaining species
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INTRODUCTION Figure 4: Diplopsalis
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INTRODUCTION compared to dinoflagel
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INTRODUCTION “seawater dilution t
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RESEARCH AIMS Apart from the pure g
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OUTLINE OF THE THESIS the two diffe
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CHAPTER I CHAPTER I Dinoflagellates
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CHAPTER I Dinoflagellates and cilia
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Marine resea
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CHAPTER I counted out at 200-fold m
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CHAPTER I Dinoflagellates closely f
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CHAPTER I Figure 3: Biomass [µgC L
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CHAPTER I prevents confusion with o
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CHAPTER I Figure 6: Comparison of c
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CHAPTER I should therefore occur on
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CHAPTER II 38
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CHAPTER II ABSTRACT Grazing experim
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CHAPTER II application, the alterna
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CHAPTER II Experiment 2 Experiment
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CHAPTER II Ciliates The three most
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CHAPTER II Experiment 2 Microzoopla
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CHAPTER II Asterisk * 1 symbolizes
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CHAPTER II DISCUSSION Transfer tech
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CHAPTER II bottles when siphoning w
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CHAPTER II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This st
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CHAPTER III 58
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CHAPTER III ABSTRACT Mesocosm exper
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CHAPTER III the prey (Cowles et al.
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CHAPTER III The mesocosms were stir
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CHAPTER III Net growth of plankton
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CHAPTER III prior to the experiment
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CHAPTER III incubation bottles with
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CHAPTER III Data analysis To monito
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CHAPTER III General development of
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CHAPTER III Ciliate community After
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CHAPTER III Other microzooplankton
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CHAPTER III Microzooplankton Experi
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CHAPTER III Figure 6: (6a) General
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CHAPTER III Table 3: Temora longico
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CHAPTER III Table 4: Temora longico
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CHAPTER III The comparison of mesoc
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CHAPTER III Flagellates contributed
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CHAPTER III The effort to capture,
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CHAPTER III in words and deeds. Man
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CHAPTER III Table 2 Microzooplankto
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CHAPTER III Table 3b Temora longico
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CHAPTER III Table 4b Temora longico
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Page 110 and 111: CHAPTER IV ABSTRACT The intra-speci
Page 112 and 113: CHAPTER IV Hansen, 1997). In turn,
Page 114 and 115: CHAPTER IV out in F/2 medium over 7
Page 116 and 117: CHAPTER IV the same patterns in G.
Page 118 and 119: CHAPTER IV Figure 1: General develo
Page 120 and 121: CHAPTER IV Favella ehrenbergii (Fig
Page 122 and 123: CHAPTER IV (24, 48, 72 hours of inc
Page 124 and 125: CHAPTER IV Growth response of G. do
Page 126 and 127: CHAPTER IV due to pre-conditioning
Page 128 and 129: CHAPTER IV This was also confirmed
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Page 132 and 133: DISCUSSION described by competition
Page 134 and 135: DISCUSSION to know who they are. Th
Page 136 and 137: DISCUSSION Microzooplankton grazers
Page 138 and 139: DISCUSSION Figure 1: A rather simpl
Page 140 and 141: DISCUSSION 1986, Tillmann, 2004) co
Page 142 and 143: DISCUSSION To my knowledge similar
Page 144 and 145: DISCUSSION transported around the w
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Page 148 and 149: SUMMARY by its larger competitor. T
Page 150 and 151: REFERENCES Buskey, E.J. & Stoecker,
Page 152 and 153: REFERENCES Gentsch, E., Kreibich, T
Page 154 and 155: REFERENCES Jeong, H.J., Yoo, Y.D.,
Page 156 and 157: REFERENCES Montagnes, D.J.S., 2003.
Page 160 and 161: REFERENCES Teixeira, I.G. & Figueir
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