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38 OLD HIGH GERMAN PRIMER<br />
herza; Goth, satjan, OE. settan, OHG. setzen (sezzen), to<br />
OS. sittian, OE. sittan, OHG. sitzen, to sit,<br />
set;<br />
k>kh.<br />
OE. corn, UG. khorn (chorn), beside Franconian<br />
korn, corn; OE. weorc, UG. werch, beside Franconian<br />
werk, work; OS. weckian, OE. weccan, UG. wechan<br />
(wecchan), beside Franconian wecken, to awake.<br />
85. The voiced explosives and voiced spirants did not<br />
undergo the same universal shifting as the voiceless explosives.<br />
The f<strong>ol</strong>lowing are the chief points to be noticed here<br />
concerning these consonants :<br />
1.<br />
Upper Franconian retained b, bb, whereas Upper<br />
German shifted them to p, pp, as U.Fr. beran, to bear, sibba,<br />
peace, beside UG. peran, sippa.<br />
Upper Franconian and Alemanic shifted Is to b, whereas in<br />
Bavarian it<br />
appears as p, e.g. U.Fr. and Alemanic sibun,<br />
Goth, sibun (read sibun), seven; ubil, Goth, ubils (read<br />
ubils), evil, but Bavarian sipiin, upil.<br />
2. All HG. dialects shifted dd to tt, as Goth, bidjan, OE.<br />
biddan, OHG. bitten, to request; Goth, midjis, OE. midd.<br />
OHG. mitti, middle*<br />
Upper German and East Franconian shifted single d to t,<br />
whereas Rhenish Franconian retained d initially, but frequently<br />
shifted it to t in other positions, thus OE. dohtor,<br />
daughter, bindan, to bind, beodan, to offer, appear in UG.<br />
and E.Fr. as tohter, bintan, biotan, and in R.Fr. as dohter,<br />
bindan, biodan, beside bintan, biotan.<br />
3. gg remained in Franconian, but was shifted to kk in<br />
Upper German, as OS. liggian, Franconian liggen, to lie<br />
down ;<br />
OS. hruggi, Franconian ruggi, back, beside UG.<br />
likken, rucki.
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