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PRA-Manual Embracing Participitation tools-only.pdf - PACA

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Chapter 1 Participatory Learning and Action (PLA): An Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.1<br />

1.1 Definition and background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.1<br />

1.2 Key principles of PLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.2<br />

1.3 Menu of PLA methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.4<br />

1.4 The importance of ‘sequencing’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.4<br />

1.5 Setting the objectives for a participatory appraisal . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.5<br />

1.6 Preparing a check-list of issues to be covered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.6<br />

1.7 Composition of the facilitating team . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.9<br />

1.8 Assigning roles for all the facilitators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.10<br />

1.9 Site selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.10<br />

1.10 Material required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.11<br />

1.11 Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.12<br />

1.12 The daily routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.12<br />

1.13 Monitoring quality and encouraging innovation . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.13<br />

1.14 Points worth remembering in the field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.14<br />

1.15 Reporting back to the community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.17<br />

1.16 Questions often asked about a PLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.17<br />

1.17 Some problems and challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.20<br />

Chapter 2 A Step-By-Step Guide to Popular PLA Tools and Techniques . . . . . . . . . .3.24<br />

2.1 Social maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.24<br />

2.2 Census mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.26<br />

2.3 Transect walks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.28<br />

2.4 Wealth and well-being ranking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.29<br />

2.5 Body maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.35<br />

2.6 Venn diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.36<br />

2.7 Ranking and scoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.38<br />

2.8 Causal-impact analysis (flow diagrams) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.49<br />

2.9 Daily time use analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.52<br />

2.10 Seasonality analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.53<br />

2.11 Trend analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.55<br />

2.12 Participatory sex census . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.56<br />

2.13 Picture stories/cartooning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.63<br />

2.14 Semi-structured interviews (SSI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.68<br />

2.15 Focus group discussions (FGD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.69<br />

2.16 Case studies, stories and portraits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.70<br />

2.17 Role plays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.71<br />

Chapter 3 Tackling Documentation, Analysis, Synthesis and Report Writing . . . . . . .3.72<br />

3.1 The challenge of documenting a participatory process . . . . . . . .3.72<br />

3.2 Three stages of documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.73<br />

3.3 Sharing the results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.77

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