PRA-Manual Embracing Participitation tools-only.pdf - PACA

More documents

Recommendations

Info

3.24 EMBRACING PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPMENT: Wisdom from the Field CHAPTER 2 A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE TO POPULAR PLA TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES (20) Meera Kaul Shah This chapter lists and describes some of the main tools/methods that can be used during participatory appraisals on reproductive health (21) . Each of these methods is described here along with some tips on how to facilitate its use in the field, and the material required for the same. The examples given here are only illustrative of the ways in which the tool can be adapted and used in different contexts (22) . It is worth remembering that the tools are a means of analysis and not an end in themselves. It is important to be clear about the issue that is being analyzed and select the tool accordingly, rather than the other way around. 2.1 Social maps A social map is a visual presentation of the residential area. It gives the boundary of the settlement, the social infrastructure (roads, water supply, schools, playgrounds, places of worship, clinics, and other public spaces) and the housing pattern – with all the houses in the area being depicted on the map. Part 3 Map of Rusumo Commune, Kibungo Prefecture as made by a group of community men. Rwanda This is one of the easiest methods to use and can be introduced in the early stages of interaction with the community. Mapping generates a lot of enthusiasm among the local people and acts as a good icebreaker. Maps are best prepared on the ground using any locally available material (sticks, leaves, seeds, beans, stones, etc., or by simply drawing in the sand with a stick) (23) . It is best to copy the map carefully on paper as soon as it is ready on the ground. Having a copy on paper ensures that it is preserved and can be used for further analysis and reference at later stages. As with any visual method of analysis, there should be some warm-up discussion about the settlement, the area, infrastructure and facilities available before the participants are asked to present the information in the form of a map. Mapping, as most other participatory methods, is best carried out in a group rather than with individuals. Kibungo Prefecture Rwanda. A young woman draws her community map as others look on.
EMBRACING PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPMENT: Wisdom from the Field 3.25 STEPS 1. Select an open space where the map can be prepared on the ground. 2. Ask the local people to prepare a visual presentation of their settlement that can help us understand their community. 3. Ask the group to show all the features of the settlement that they can think of. 4. Leave the group to prepare the map and observe the process. 5. Labels or symbols can be used to identify different facilities, features or infrastructure (allow the participants to select the symbols). 6. Any additional information that the facilitators want to discuss should be introduced only at the end, after the group has finished preparing their map. 7. Once the map is ready ‘interview the output’ by asking questions. Social maps can lead to discussions about diversity within the area and the differences between different parts of the settlement. Sometimes discussions may even bring out social, economic or political conflicts within the community, for which possible solutions can also be discussed. During participatory appraisals with adolescents in urban compounds in Zambia, we had to use social mapping in stages and sequences. On the first day, when we had a de-briefing session at the clinic, the NHC members and the clinicians that took part in the appraisals were asked to prepare a map of the compound. Since the compounds are very large, it was important to zone and divide the compound, so that we could capture the diversity and natural divisions within it. This also helped to crosscheck that we did not leave out any area during the appraisal. The NHC members, who are local residents, decided the basis on which to make these divisions. Usually the criteria included – population density, type of housing, plot sizes, access to services, perceptions of relative well-being, etc. Part 3 Since the first social maps covered a large area, it was not feasible to have all the houses plotted on them at this stage. Once the different zones were identified, the facilitators were divided in smaller teams and were allotted separate work zones. Once the smaller team started working in a zone, a detailed map of the zone was prepared with the residents. Most of these also included a visual representation of all the households living in the area. Usually these were prepared by groups of adolescents, but there were instances when we started the mapping exercise with a group of adults. In both cases it proved to be an excellent way to introduce ourselves to the community and to build rapport with them. The local residents, using their own criteria, also divided the zonal social maps into different neighborhoods. When we worked with adolescents in several of these neighborhoods, detailed social information was either plotted on the zonal map or they prepared a separate neighborhood map. It was on these maps that demographic details were also presented (see Census Mapping in next section for details).
Page 1 and 2: 3PART THREE A Step-by-Step Field Gu
Page 3 and 4: EMBRACING PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPM
Page 25: EMBRACING PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPM
Page 77 and 78:
EMBRACING PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPM
Page 79:
EMBRACING PARTICIPATION IN DEVELOPM
show all

PRA-Manual Embracing Participitation tools-only.pdf - PACA

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?