CERN Program Library Long Writeup W5013 - CERNLIB ...

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3 GEANT/DRAWING Drawing commands. These commands allow the visualization in several ways of the volumes defined in the geometrical data structure. It is possible to draw the logical tree of volumes belonging to the detector (DTREE), to show their geometrical specification (DSPEC,DFSPC), to draw them and their cut views (DRAW, DCUT). Moreover, it is possible to execute these commands when the hidden line removal option is activated; in this case, the volumes can be also either translated in the space (SHIFT), or clipped by boolean operation (CVOL). In addition, it is possible to fill the surfaces of the volumes with solid colours when the shading option (SHAD) is activated. Several tools (ZOOM, LENS) have been developed to zoom detailed parts of the detectors or to scan physical events as well. Finally, the command MOVE will allow the rotation, translation and zooming on real time parts of the detectors or tracks and hits of a simulated event. Ray-tracing commands. In case the command (DOPT RAYT ON) is executed, the drawing is performed by the Geant ray-tracing; automatically, the color is assigned according to the tracking medium of each volume and the volumes with a density lower/equal than the air are considered transparent; if the option (USER) is set (ON) (again via the command (DOPT)), the user can set color and visibility for the desired volumes via the command (SATT), as usual, relatively to the attributes (COLO) and (SEEN). The resolution can be set via the command (SATT * FILL VALUE), where (VALUE) is the ratio between the number of pixels drawn and 20 (user coordinates). Parallel view and perspective view are possible (DOPT PROJ PARA/PERS); in the first case, we assume that the first mother volume of the tree is a box with dimensions 10000 X 10000 X 10000 cm and the view point (infinetely far) is 5000 cm far from the origin along the Z axis of the user coordinates; in the second case, the distance between the observer and the origin of the world reference system is set in cm by the command (PERSP NAME VALUE); grand-angle or telescopic effects can be achieved changing the scale factors in the command (DRAW). When the final picture does not occupy the full window, mapping the space before tracing can speed up the drawing, but can also produce less precise results; values from 1 to 4 are allowed in the command (DOPT MAPP VALUE), the mapping being more precise for increasing (VALUE); for (VALUE = 0) no mapping is performed (therefore max precision and lowest speed). The command (VALCUT) allows the cutting of the detector by three planes ortogonal to the x,y,z axis. The attribute (LSTY) can be set by the command SATT for any desired volume and can assume values from 0 to 7; it determines the different light processing to be performed for different materials: 0 = dark-matt, 1 = bright-matt, 2 = plastic, 3 = ceramic, 4 = rough-metals, 5 = shiny-metals, 6 = glass, 7 = mirror. The detector is assumed to be in the dark, the ambient light luminosity is 0.2 for each basic hue (the saturation is 0.9) and the observer is assumed to have a light source (therefore he will produce parallel light in the case of parallel view and point-like-source light in the case of perspective view). 3.1 DRAW name [ theta phi psi u0 v0 su sv ] NAME C “Volume name” THETA R “Viewing angle theta (for 3D projection)” R=0.:180. PHI R “Viewing angle phi (for 3D projection)” R=0.:360. PSI R “Viewing angle psi (for 2D rotation)” R=0.:360. U0 R “U-coord. (horizontal) of volume origin” V0 R “V-coord. (vertical) of volume origin” SU R “Scale factor for U-coord.” SV R “Scale factor for V-coord.” CALL GDRAW(name,theta,phi,psi,u0,v0,su,sv) If optional parameters are missing, the corresponding values are taken from the common /GCDRAW/. This command will draw the volumes, selected with their graphical attributes, set by the SATT facility. The drawing may be performed with hidden line removal and with shading effects according to the value of the options HIDE and SHAD; if the option SHAD is ON, the contour’s edges can be drawn or not. If the option XINT002 – 4 360
HIDE is ON, the detector can be exploded (BOMB), clipped with different shapes (CVOL), and some of its parts can be shifted from their original position (SHIFT). When HIDE is ON, if the drawing requires more than the available memory, the program will evaluate and display the number of missing words (so that the user can increase the size of its ZEBRA store). Finally, at the end of each drawing (with HIDE on), the program will print messages about the memory used and statistics on the volumes’ visibility. The following commands will produce the drawing of a green volume, specified by NAME, without using the hidden line removal technique, using the hidden line removal technique, with different linewidth and colour (red), with solid colour, with shading of surfaces, and without edges. Finally, some examples are given for the ray-tracing. (A possible string for the NAME of the volume can be found using the command DTREE). EXAMPLE - satt * seen -2 satt NAME colo 3 drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 .01 .01 next dopt hide on drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 .01 .01 next satt NAME colo 2 satt NAME lwid 4 drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 .01 .01 next dopt shad on satt * lwid 1 satt NAME fill 1 drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 .01 .01 next satt NAME fill 3 drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 .01 .01 next dopt edge off drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 .01 .01 dopt rayt on satt * fill 20 dopt mapp 1 drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 .01 .01 dopt proj pers persp NAME 500 drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 1 1 valcut 100 100 100 dopt mapp 0 dopt user on satt NAM1 seen 0 satt NAM2 colo 2 drawNAME 40 40 0 10 10 5 5 3.2 SPOT xlpos ylpos zlpos inten XLPOS R “x coordinate of light source” YLPOS R “y coordinate of light source” ZLPOS R “z coordinate of light source” INTEN I “intensity of light source” 361 XINT002 – 5
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CERN Program Library Long Writeup W
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Chapter 1: Catalog of Geant section
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IOPA500 KINE001 KINE100 KINE199 KIN
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Geant 3.21 GEANT User’s Guide AAA
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The routines made available for GEA
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outines, then you can type the foll
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AAAA Bibliography [1] H.J. Klein an
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2 Event simulation framework The fr
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• after each tracking step along
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GUDIGI GUOUT GTRIGC UGLAST GLAST GU
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Particles JPART Materials JMATE/JTM
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3 Summary of GEANT data records 3.1
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3.4 User applications KEY N I VAR S
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Geant 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide BAS
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SUBROUTINE UGEOM + (’TGT ’,2,
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LQ(JHEAD-1) user link IQ(JHEAD+1) I
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VALUE = GARNDM (DUMMY) DUMMY (REAL)
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Geant 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide CON
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1 Energy binning IDECAD Bin number
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Particle No. Mass(GeV) Charge Life
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¯Ω + ¯Ξ 0 π + 23.60 ¯ΛK + 67
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Geant 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide DRA
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The main drawing routines are: GDRA
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Another feature which is available
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z y x C CHARACTER*4 CHNAMS(5) INTEG
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CALL GDRAWC(’OPAL’,2,0.,10.,10.
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CALL GSATT(’HB’,’FILL’,3) C
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CALL GDRAW(’CAVE’,40.,40.,0.,10
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Figure 16: Example of use of GDSPEC
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CALL GDOPEN(3) CALL GDRAWC(’ALEF
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6 NKVIEW IVIEW JDRAW NKVIEW JV = IB
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SHAD EDGE when HIDE is ON, selects
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x1xxxx 1xxxxx add the text EVENT NR
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DRAW Bibliography [1] R.Bock et al.
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2 Volumes with contents A volume ca
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The user can position a volume thro
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0 1 2 1 0 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure
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2 Divisions along arbitrary axis As
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9.BL2 half-length along x of the si
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1.DZ half-length along the z axis;
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ECAL BOX specifications 18/11/93 EC
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ECAL SPHE specifications 18/11/93 E
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Geant 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide GEO
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• if the CHONLY flag is set to MA
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y y x x y y y y z z x x z z y y x x
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CAVE PAR1 specifications 20/10/94 y
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Dynamic ordering The list of neighb
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are represented by their values. A
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Where • @302 is the block number
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GEOM Bibliography [1] French Standa
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Geant 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide HIT
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ITRA NUMBV HITS NHITS (INTEGER) is
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HITS Bibliography 175 HITS510 - 3
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Geant 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide IOP
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0 if only IER] structures read in o
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Geant 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide KIN
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NTRACK ITRA JKINE NTRACK JK 1 2 3 4
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Geant 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide PHY
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Below are listed the data record ke
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Computation of total crosssection o
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7. Update the number of interaction
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1= generation of secondaries enable
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DEEMAX The formula used by GEANT is
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The second problem has been solved
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GPHYSI Initialisation of physics pr
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• the mean number of tries is not
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as function of the variable u = Eθ
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GEANT 3.16 GEANT User’s Guide PHY
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where N Z(Z i ) A(A i ) ρ σ Avoga
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2 Method If the energy of the radia
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• Case dielectric → metal. The
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| ⃗ k| = | ⃗ k ′′ | = k =
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Case dielectric → metal In this c
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5 Processes involving Čerenkov pho
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Much of the difficulty in approxima
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CALL GMOLIE (OMEGA,BETA2,DIN*) OMEG
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where λ 0 = ¯h/p Compton waveleng
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2.3 Sampling of the distribution fu
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X 0 is the radiation length. From (
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where we have set Θ=θ/χ α . To
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The variable DCUTE in common /GCCUT
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2.2 Total cross-sections The integr
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For the other charged particles the
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POTI POTIL (REAL) average ionisatio
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where φ(λ) = 1 ∫ c+i∞ exp (u
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Counts 900 800 Landau 700 40 600 20
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Fast simulation for n 3 ≥ 16 If t
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ξ/E Max (hereafter κ) relative im
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ln(∫ σ γ dE/norm.factor) -4 -6
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VALUE = GBFSIG (T,C) GBFSIG calcula
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eV). At present the values recommen
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calculated dE dx − dE measured dx
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Figure 43: Stopping powers in Carbo
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esults can be seen in table 2 and 3
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LSTAT_7 C “user word” LSTAT_8 C
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XINT Bibliography [1] R.Brun and P.
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This common contains the threshold
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ITR3D track being scanned (used tog
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NCLAS1 NCLAS2 NCLAS3 IHOLE CGXMIN C
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* PARAMETER (MAXJMP=30) COMMON/GCJU
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GYMAX GZMIN GZMAX GXXXX GYYYY GZZZZ
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DENS density of current material in
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RADDEG radiants to degrees conversi
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PCUTNE parameterisation threshold f
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SMULS SOMULS STMULS DPHYS3 ILABS SL
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NTETA TETMIN TETMAX MODTET number o
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S2 S3 SS1 SS2 SS3 LEP IPORLI ISUBLI
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CFIELD constant for field step eval
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NEXT 1 particle has reached the bou
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C COMMON/GCVOL2/NLEVE2,NAMES2(15),N
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C ESHELL - Shells potentials in eV
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Geant 3.11 GEANT User’s Guide ZZZ
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GFKINE KINE001, KINE100, KINE199 GF
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GPSTAT GEOM700 GPTMED CONS001, CONS
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ZZZZ Bibliography [1] T.Sjöstrand
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