Welcome to the 31st IUBS General Assembly and Conference on ...

Qiang LI, Xuding GU, Gengsheng LI, Juanjuan
FEI <strong>and</strong> Zaiqiang WU
School of Biology <strong>and</strong> Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University
of Science <strong>and</strong> Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China. Email:
comeonflareup@yahoo.com.cn
To fully exploit <strong>the</strong> benefits of
N‐methylmorpholine‐N‐oxide (NMMO) in lignocelluloses
bioconversion <strong>to</strong> bio‐ethanol, NMMO/alkali system was
established <strong>to</strong> efficiently pretreat cellulosic biomass for
enhanced production of sugars <strong>and</strong> subsequent
bio‐ethanol production. After optimization of reaction
parameters, corncob was pretreated at 85% NMMO with
loading of 1% NaOH, 120 o C <strong>and</strong> 2 h resulted in 100%
yield in <strong>the</strong> subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis for 60h.
FTIR analysis revealed thatNMMO/alkali‐treated corncob
was more porous <strong>and</strong> amorphous than <strong>the</strong> untreated
sample, which led <strong>to</strong> improved saccharification. Analysis
of <strong>the</strong> structure also illustrated that <strong>the</strong> NMMO/alkali
system can efficiently convert <strong>the</strong> crystalline cellulose I <strong>to</strong>
cellulose II. Subsquently, The untreated <strong>and</strong> treated
materials under various conditions were subjected <strong>to</strong>
separate enzymatic hydrolysis <strong>and</strong> fermentation (SHF) <strong>to</strong>
ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. About 80%
improvement of ethanol production (0.16 g ethanol/g
corn cob) was obtained when corncob was treated with
NMMO/alkali system compared <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> water‐treated
sample. Almost no cellulose loss, ambient pressure,
relatively moderate conditions, <strong>and</strong> high efficiency make
<strong>the</strong> NMMO/alkali system a good alternative for
pretreatment system of high‐crystalline cellulosic
materials.
Optimal conditions of capsaicinoids
extraction from chili peppers using
ultrasonic­assisted extraction (UAE)
Xiangyuan DENG
Jiangsu University of Science <strong>and</strong> Technology, Sibaidu. Email:
dengxy2009@126.com
Chili peppers (Capsicum frutescens), appreciated for <strong>the</strong>ir
pungency, taste, <strong>and</strong> aroma, have been extensively used
over <strong>the</strong> years as food additives, pigments, <strong>and</strong>
physiological <strong>and</strong> pharmaceutical products. Capsaicinoids,
a given name of pungent compounds, are <strong>the</strong> principal
pungent <strong>and</strong> irritating constituents in most capsicum
fruits, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir structures are acid amides of
vanillylamine <strong>and</strong> C9–C11 branched chain fatty acids. A
common use of capsaicinoids is in <strong>to</strong>pical analgesics
against pain, anti‐arthritic <strong>and</strong> anti‐inflamma<strong>to</strong>ry
ointments, which are also utilized as natural inhibi<strong>to</strong>r of
pathogenic microorganisms in food industry due <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir
antimicrobial properties.
In this present study, <strong>the</strong> optimal conditions of
ultrasonic‐assisted extraction (UAE) of capsaicinoids from
hot Chili peppers were determined for large scale
preparation. First, single fac<strong>to</strong>r experiments were
performed <strong>to</strong> optimize <strong>the</strong> extraction procedure of
capsaicinoids, <strong>and</strong> initial optimized results were: ratio of
solvent <strong>to</strong> mass of 6‐10 mL/g, extraction temperature of
25–35 °C, <strong>and</strong> extraction time of 0–‐30 min. Then, an
orthogonal array experimental design (L9(34)) was used
<strong>to</strong> fur<strong>the</strong>r optimize <strong>the</strong> extraction procedure. The results
of F‐test <strong>and</strong> P‐value indicated that <strong>the</strong> effect order on
extraction yield of capsaicinoids from high <strong>to</strong> low was
ratio of solvent <strong>to</strong> mass, extraction time, <strong>and</strong> extraction
temperature. The maximum extraction yield of
capsaicinoids was obtained at ratio of solvent <strong>to</strong> mass of
10 mL/g, extraction time of 40 min, <strong>and</strong> extraction
temperature of 25 °C. Under <strong>the</strong>se conditions, <strong>the</strong>
extraction yields of capsaicinoids were 2.35±0.042 <strong>and</strong>
3.92±0.089 mg/g for conventional <strong>and</strong> UAE methods,
respectively.
Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis
process of Chrysomya megacephalaprotein
using response surface methodology
Yanyan YANG, Min ZHANG, Chao SONG <strong>and</strong>
Guren ZHANG
State Key Labora<strong>to</strong>ry for Biological Control/Institute of
En<strong>to</strong>mology, Sun Yat‐sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Email:zhanggr@mail.sysu.edu.cn; yyy19880919@126.com
Chrysomya megacephala is one of <strong>the</strong> most common <strong>and</strong>
worldwide blowflies. The larvae have a great potential for
industrial exploitation in <strong>the</strong> food <strong>and</strong> medical industry
due <strong>to</strong> its high protein <strong>and</strong> fatty acids. In this study,
response surface methodology (RSM) was used <strong>to</strong>
determine <strong>the</strong> optimum enzymatic hydrolysis processing
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