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porpoises: adaptive population divergence, taxonomic implications, <strong>and</strong> conservation recommendations Guang YANG, Shuzhen LI, Shixia XU, Huirong WAN, Heyi JI, Kaiya ZHOU Jiangsu Key Labora<strong>to</strong>ry for Biodiversity <strong>and</strong> Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China <strong>and</strong>Labora<strong>to</strong>ry of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Cell Biology <strong>and</strong> Medical Genetics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China. Email: gyang@njnu.edu.cn A <strong>to</strong>tal of 140 ideal SNPs were isolated from <strong>the</strong> finless porpoise <strong>to</strong> conduct an evolutionary <strong>and</strong> conservation study especially for addressing population genetic structure <strong>and</strong> adaptive differentiation. Bayesian clustering <strong>and</strong> PCA analyses all suggested that finless porpoises in Chinese waters could be divided in<strong>to</strong> 3 distinct genetic groupings, which provided some support ei<strong>the</strong>r for a subdivision of 3 geographical populations/subspecies for <strong>the</strong> finless porpoise, or for an identification of 2 species recently suggested for <strong>the</strong> 2 finless porpoise forms overlapping in <strong>the</strong> Taiwan Straits. Low levels of within‐population genetic variation (mean H E = 0.3525, SD = 0.1188) <strong>and</strong> significant differentiation among populations (F ST values ranging from 0.0727 <strong>to</strong> 0.1358, P
Environmental (conservation) education is recognized as one of <strong>the</strong> processes that shall contribute individuals <strong>to</strong> change, by acquiring essential knowledge <strong>and</strong> skills <strong>to</strong> take positive action <strong>to</strong>wards a better environment, especially regarding natural ecosystems. As new environmental problems arise, conservation education has <strong>to</strong> include <strong>the</strong>se new <strong>and</strong> future scenarios, <strong>the</strong> science, <strong>the</strong> methods, <strong>the</strong> resources <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> technology, <strong>to</strong> cope with <strong>the</strong> challenge. Thirty years after <strong>the</strong> first time <strong>IUBS</strong> discussed <strong>and</strong> integrated Environmental education in<strong>to</strong> its scope of work, we will review <strong>the</strong> state of <strong>the</strong> art <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> challenges ahead. species can be described within this century, <strong>and</strong> before <strong>the</strong>y go extinct. H 2 S acts an antioxidative role in delaying maturation <strong>and</strong> senescence in plants Shuaiping GAO, Shiping LI, Lanying HU, Yanhong LI <strong>and</strong> Hua ZHANG School of Biotechnology <strong>and</strong> Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China. Email: zh<strong>and</strong>zhy@yahoo.com.cn Global databases reveal progress in discovering all species on Earth: will most species be discovered before <strong>the</strong>y go extinct? Mark J COSTELLO Leigh Marine Labora<strong>to</strong>ry, University of Auckl<strong>and</strong>, New Zeal<strong>and</strong>. Email: m.costello@auckl<strong>and</strong>.ac.nz Claims that taxonomists are in decline <strong>and</strong> tens of millions of species remain <strong>to</strong> be discovered, have led <strong>to</strong> suggestions that taxonomy is fruitless because most species will be extinct before <strong>the</strong>y are described. The advent of biodiversity informatics is enabling production of global databases <strong>and</strong> associated statistics, <strong>and</strong> may be improving efficiency <strong>and</strong> productivity in <strong>the</strong> process of discovering life on Earth. Some recent results have been surprising, such as <strong>the</strong> continued high rates of discovery of new species in well‐studied geographic regions. More statistically robust predictions of how many species may exist on Earth have been in <strong>the</strong> range of 2–12 million, with hyper‐estimates of tens of millions of species finding no support. Estimates of extinction rates are now more variable than estimates of species richness on Earth. Evidence that <strong>the</strong>re are more taxonomists describing species than ever before, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir numbers have been increasing, have been more controversial. If <strong>the</strong>re really is increased taxonomic effort, <strong>the</strong>n does this explain <strong>the</strong> continued high rates of species discovery ra<strong>the</strong>r than <strong>the</strong> ease with which new species may be found? This presentation examines this evidence <strong>and</strong> its implications. It concludes that with modest increase in effort that most 55 Accumulating evidence shows that hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) plays various physiological roles in plants, such as seed germination, root organogenesis, abiotic stress <strong>to</strong>lerance, <strong>and</strong> senescence of cut flowers. However, whe<strong>the</strong>r H 2 S participates in <strong>the</strong> regulation of maturation <strong>and</strong> senescence in plants remains unclear. In <strong>the</strong> present work, cut flowers <strong>and</strong> postharvest fruits were used as <strong>the</strong> experimental materials, <strong>the</strong> effects of H 2 S on postharvest shelf life in fruits or vase life in cut flowers were reviewed, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> mechanism of antioxidant metabolism involving in H 2 S signal regulation in plants was discussed. It showed that H 2 S was involved in preventing senescence of cut flowers <strong>and</strong> prolonging flower vase life in a wide spectrum of botanical species including herbaceous <strong>and</strong> woody plants. It also anticipated in delaying <strong>the</strong> ripening <strong>and</strong> senescence in postharvest fruits, such as <strong>the</strong> strawberry <strong>and</strong> pear. Fur<strong>the</strong>r investigation showed that H 2 S maintained higher activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), SOD <strong>and</strong> lower activities of lipoxygenase (LOX) relative <strong>to</strong> untreated controls. H 2 S also reduced malondialdehyde (MDA),hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) <strong>and</strong> superoxide anion ( • O 2− ) <strong>to</strong> levels below control plants. We interpret <strong>the</strong>se data as indicating that H 2 S plays an antioxidant function in prolonging vase life of cut flowers <strong>and</strong> delaying postharvest shelf life of fruits. Its antioxidant role in alleviating peroxidative damage induced by ROS overproduction in plants might be a universal event. Harvesting microalgae using bioflocculating agents produced by Solibacillus silvestris for efficient bioenergy production
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Welcome to
Page 3 and 4: Hosts The IUBS The
Page 5 and 6: Scientific Committee CoChairs Che
Page 7 and 8: Program Overview Date Activities 4
Page 9 and 10: 1330-1830 IUBS GA
Page 11 and 12: 1530-1550 Break Section 2 Chair: Ya
Page 13 and 14: Section 4 Chair: Hari Sharma 1535-1
Page 15 and 16: Section 2 Chair: Gang Li 1020-1040
Page 17 and 18: Chair: Lily O. Rodriguez 1400-1430
Page 19 and 20: 830-1720 S-14. Biodiversity <strong
Page 21 and 22: Chair: LS Shashidhara 1600-1620 Jia
Page 23 and 24: 1200-1400 Lunch 1330-1800 Free loca
Page 25 and 26: Suzhou Xiangshan International Hote
Page 27 and 28: Working Language The working langua
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Page 41 and 42: use taxonomic knowledge and
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Lily O RODRIGUEZ, 1 Germán FORERO,
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Jing‐Shiun JAN, 1 Che‐Jen HSIAO
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List of Participants N Jianmei anji
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LIU Bin liubio@bjut.edu.cn MURALIDH
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XIAO Shuhai xiao@vt.edu ZHANG Baoca
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