Welcome to the 31st IUBS General Assembly and Conference on ...

natural enemies <strong>and</strong> efficacy of crop protection
technologies for pest management. Changes in
geographical distribution <strong>and</strong> population dynamics affect
both crop production <strong>and</strong> food security. Insect pests
presently confined <strong>to</strong> tropical <strong>and</strong> subtropical regions
will move <strong>to</strong> temperate regions along with a shift in <strong>the</strong>
areas of production of <strong>the</strong>ir host plants, while distribution
<strong>and</strong> relative abundance of some insect species vulnerable
<strong>to</strong> high temperatures in <strong>the</strong> temperate regions may
decrease as a result of global warming. These species may
find suitable alternative habitats at greater latitudes.
Many species may have <strong>the</strong>ir diapause strategies
disrupted as <strong>the</strong> linkages between temperature, moisture
regimes <strong>and</strong> day length will be altered. Genetic variation
<strong>and</strong> multi‐fac<strong>to</strong>r inheritance of innate recognition of
environmental signals may mean that many insect
species will have <strong>to</strong> adapt readily <strong>to</strong> such disruption.
Long‐term moni<strong>to</strong>ring of population levels <strong>and</strong> insect
behavior, particularly in identifiably sensitive regions,
may provide some of <strong>the</strong> first indications of a biological
response <strong>to</strong> climate change. The relationship between
crop protection costs <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> resulting benefits will also
change as a result of global warming <strong>and</strong> climate change.
This will have a major bearing on economic thresholds, as
greater variability in climate will result in variable impact
of pest damage on crop yields. Host‐plant resistance,
bio‐pesticides, natural enemies <strong>and</strong> syn<strong>the</strong>tic chemicals are
some of <strong>the</strong> potential options for integrated pest
management. However, <strong>the</strong> relative efficacy of many of
<strong>the</strong>se pest control measures is likely <strong>to</strong> change as a result
of global warming. These changes will have major
implications for crop protection <strong>and</strong> food security,
particularly in developing countries, where <strong>the</strong> need <strong>to</strong>
increase <strong>and</strong> sustain food production is most urgent.
Therefore, <strong>the</strong>re is a need <strong>to</strong> assess <strong>the</strong> efficacy of various
pest management technologies under diverse
environmental conditions, <strong>and</strong> develop appropriate
strategies for pest management <strong>to</strong> mitigate <strong>the</strong> adverse
effects of climate change.
Calcium sensing recep<strong>to</strong>r regulates
endogenous H 2 S <strong>to</strong> inhibit smooth muscle
cell proliferation in diabetic rats
Weihua ZHANG
Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China. Email:
zhangwh116@hotmail.com
Aim: The calcium sensing recep<strong>to</strong>r (CaR) belongs <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>
G‐protein coupled recep<strong>to</strong>r, which activates <strong>the</strong> PLC
pathway, leading <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> increase of intracellular calcium
concentration. Hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) is generated
from L‐cysteine in reactions catalyzed by
cystathionine‐γ‐lyase (CSE), which is responsible for <strong>the</strong>
H 2 S production in <strong>the</strong> cardiovascular system. CSE is <strong>the</strong>
calcium‐dependent regulation enzyme. Diabetic <strong>and</strong> its
associated complications are major known health
disorders, <strong>and</strong> diabetes mellitus promotes smooth
muscle cells proliferation in arteries. However, its
mechanisms are unclear. The goal of <strong>the</strong> current study
was <strong>to</strong> investigate CaR regulating <strong>the</strong> expression of CSE
<strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> interaction with CaR <strong>and</strong> CSE on smooth muscle
cells proliferation in diabetic rat mesenteric artery.
Method: Diabetic rats were induced by STZ
(strep<strong>to</strong>zocin, 50 mg/kg, blood glucose >16.7 µM/L
after 72 h classified model rats) <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> daily
administration of 60 µM NaHS (sodium hydrosulfide, an
H 2 S donor) in <strong>the</strong> diabetic + NaHS treatment group. At
<strong>the</strong> end of 4, 8 <strong>and</strong> 12 weeks, <strong>the</strong> morphological
alterations (transmission electron microscopy,
hemo<strong>to</strong>xylin eosin <strong>and</strong> Masson staining of mesentery
artery in control group, diabetic group <strong>and</strong> diabetic +
NaHS treatment group), <strong>the</strong> effect of NaHS <strong>and</strong> CaR
activa<strong>to</strong>r (Calindol) on <strong>the</strong> tension of mesentery
secondary artery loop <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> expression of CaR, CSE,
Cyclin D1 were observed, respectively.
Results: HE staining shows that intima of artery
thicken in 8w <strong>and</strong> 12w diabetic rats, Masson staining
shows collagen of perivascular impaired <strong>and</strong> TEM
observed <strong>the</strong> smooth muscle cell proliferation,
endo<strong>the</strong>lial cells impaired <strong>and</strong> internal elastic lamina
dissolution, <strong>the</strong> changes have modified after NaHS
treatment. Compared <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> control group, <strong>the</strong> tension
of mesentery secondary artery loop in <strong>the</strong> diabetic
groups significantly decreased (4w: 13.2%, 8w:
13%,12w: 10.3%, P