Appendix F Detailed Cover Type Tables - USDA Rural Development

Bemidji – Grand Rapids
Biological Assessment and Evaluation
S­WL­7
• Activities that could disturb goblin ferns, their habitat, or microhabitat should not occur within
250 feet of known goblin fern populations. The exception to this standard is for administrative
studies or research that contributes to the conservation of the species.
• In suitable habitat that is immediately adjacent and contiguous to existing populations beyond
the 250‐foot no‐activity zone, site disturbing activities should occur only during frozen ground
conditions (as evidenced by and absence of rutting, compaction, or breaking through the frost
layer), and a minimum canopy closure of 70 percent should be maintained. (Single tree selection
would generally meet desired conditions in this standard, but group selection harvest does not
meet conditions desired in this standard because of the gaps created in proximity to occupies
habitat.)
• Minimize the likelihood of worm invasion in existing or potential habitat areas identified as
having low potential for worm invasion. Such conditions exist where areas are void of roads and
trails (or where densities can be minimized), developments, lakes and streams that support
game fish, or are isolated due to wetlands or some other condition not conducive to worm
colonization. Examples of actions to minimize worm invasion include limiting vehicle or OHV
access, road building, or summer activities that move soil into geologically isolated habitat.
• In unoccupied habitat, not contiguous to occupied habitat, of moderate or high quality
(generally defined as mature or older northern hardwoods, mixed hardwoods on mesic northern
hardwood or rich hardwood native plant communities; on sites currently free of exotic worm
populations):
• In order to avoid light level changes that result in soil temperature increases, humidity and soil
moisture decreases, management activities will maintain a minimum of 70 percent crown
closure on average at the stand level. (Single tree of group selection harvests could be used as
long as at least minimal conditions desired in the standard are met). On low quality unoccupied
habitat or former habitat that has been impacted by exotic earthworms (determined at the
project level by a biologist, ecologist, or botanist), management emphasis may be towards
meeting other multiple use objectives and may deviate from the conditions above.
While the white pine is not a CNF threatened or endangered species, it is listed as Sensitive by the DRM.
The CNF Plan has provided guidance for white pine as an indicator species under the following guidance:
O­WL­33
Increase amount of white pine to amounts more representative of native plant communities by planting
or naturally regenerating white pine trees in white pine forest types and in other upland deciduous,
mixed, and conifer forest types. This objective matches white pine objectives shown in the Landscape
O­WL­34
Manage to improve white pine survival on planted sites and as many naturally regenerating sites as
practical.
Potential indirect effects include increased light availability and associated alteration of ambient
temperature and moisuture, introduction of invasive earthworms and introduction and facilitation of
invasive plant species movement.
Removal of canopy removes shade cover, increasing light adjacent to cut areas. Areas adjacent to
clearings are likely so see a change in species composition from plant species adapted to shade to those
tolerant of openings. Often, the edges of cleared areas are dominated by brushy species not typical of
July 2010 Environmental Consequences Page 5‐93