Appendix F Detailed Cover Type Tables - USDA Rural Development

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Bemidji – Grand Rapids Biological Assessment and Evaluation Transmission line structures are generally designed for installation at existing grades. However, if vehicles or installation equipment cannot safely access or operate near the structure, minor grading of the immediate terrain would be performed to provide a reasonable level working surface for construction and maintenance of the structure. Timber or synthetic mats are to be used to provide a working surface in unstable soils. Environmentally sensitive areas or areas susceptible to soil erosion would require special construction techniques and will be clearly marked prior to initiation of any construction activities. Techniques may include the use of low ground pressure equipment, timber or synthetic mats, terracing, water bars, bale checks, rock checks, or temporary mulching and seeding of disturbed areas exposed during long periods of construction inactivity. Permanent soil erosion control measures may include permanent seeding, mulching, erosion control mats, or other measures depending on site conditions. Temporary silt fence, sedimentation ponds, and other measures may be utilized to prevent sediment from running off into wetlands or other surface waters. Reseeding would be completed as soon as work is complete and weather/soil conditions are suitable. Native seed mixes that are certified weed‐free will be used. Construction equipment must be inspected frequently to ensure hydraulic systems and oil pans are in good condition and free of significant leaks. Portable spill containment kits will be required for each piece of construction equipment with the potential to discharge a significant amount of oil to the environment. Operators will be present at the nozzle at all times when refueling is in progress. In the event of a spill, the source of the spill will be identified and contained immediately upon discovery. The spill and contaminated soils will be collected and treated and disposed of in accordance with all applicable Federal, state, and local requirements. If a significant spill were to occur to surface waters, methods to contain and recover released material such as floating booms and skimmer pumps will be used. Noticeably contaminated soils will be excavated and placed on and covered by plastic sheeting in bermed areas. An emergency response contractor would be secured, if necessary, to further contain and clean up a severe spill. Refueling of equipment in wetlands would not be permitted. In the event that new occurrences of listed threatened and endangered species are encountered during construction activities, project management personnel would consult with regulatory authorities regarding appropriate construction procedures and mitigation measures. Construction materials would be hauled either directly from the local highway or railroad network to structure sites, or brought first to material staging areas and then to the structure sites. The transmission line components, including the poles, arms, and hardware, are normally brought to the temporary staging areas on flatbed trucks. These materials are stored until needed and then loaded on flatbed trailers or special pole trailers for delivery to the structure site where they are unloaded for installation. Structures are normally assembled on the ground along with insulator assemblies and single‐leader p‐ line ropes and then raised into position. For direct embedment type structures, the poles are set in augured holes with large rubber‐tired or tracked cranes. The annular space between the pole and the augured hole is backfilled with native soils if suitable or with granular materials. Where reinforced concrete foundations are required, large rubber‐tired or track‐mounted auger equipment is used to excavate a circular hole of the appropriate diameter and depth. In upland areas, excavated material would be spread evenly around the structure base to promote site drainage. Reinforcing steel and anchor bolts are set in position. Ready‐mixed concrete is then placed in the excavation. In wetland areas, a telescoping temporary steel caisson would be placed in the foundation hole to stabilize the soil walls. Concrete is placed in the excavation using the tremie method. Water pumped from the excavation would be placed into tanker trucks or empty concrete trucks and hauled July 2010 Description of the Proposed Action Page 2‐7
Bemidji – Grand Rapids Biological Assessment and Evaluation away to a specially designated upland disposal area, or brought back to the concrete batch plant for discharge. Concrete truck wash water would be discharged only in specially designated upland disposal areas or at the concrete batch plant. After the concrete is poured, the steel caisson is removed. In some situations, a permanent caisson may be required to stabilize the excavation. During drilling, a minimal amount of granular material (from an outside source) would be placed in the area between the caissons and the timber mats (if required at that location) to provide safe footing for construction personnel. During final restoration, the granular material is leveled or removed to restore the original ground contours for re‐vegetation of native species. After the foundation concrete is placed, excess excavated materials will be transported to a suitable upland site by truck for disposal. After allowing adequate curing time, the steel pole structure base plates are bolted to the concrete foundations. The wire stringing process starts in a setup area prepared to accommodate the stringing equipment and materials, normally located mid‐span on the centerline of the right‐of‐way. The rope machine, new conductor wire trailers, and tensioner are located at the wire stringing setup area. This phase of construction occurs after the structures have been erected and fitted with stringing blocks (also called dollies or sheaves) and single‐leader “p‐line” ropes that reach the ground. Stringing blocks are a type of pulley that attaches to the insulator assembly and temporarily support a pulling rope or “p‐line” and a wire rope or “hard line,” which in turn supports the conductor before it is permanently “clipped in.” The process starts as the construction crew pulls the p‐lines toward the first structure beyond the setup area. The p‐lines are normally pulled down the right‐of‐way with a small wide‐track bombardier or other small equipment. At each structure, the ropes are detached from the bombardier and attached to the single leader p‐line to lift the ropes up into the dollies. Then the ropes are reattached to the bombardier and driven to the next structure for the same process. After the p‐line has been strung through all the structures for all phases within the stringing interval, the pulling ropes are attached to a hard line and pulled, one at a time, back through the dollies to the beginning of the interval. A hard line set‐up is located at the opposite end of the interval from the wire stringing setup area. Each hard line is then attached to the conductor wire with an attachment called a “sock,” which is pulled back through the dollies to the end of the interval. Crewmembers travel along the access route in a pickup truck, follow the “sock” as it is being pulled to make sure it does not get hung up in the dollies. One at a time, the conductor wires are then pulled to the appropriate tension and clipped into place utilizing permanent suspension hardware. Wire stringing and hard line set‐up areas are normally located in upland areas during spring, summer, or fall conditions. During winter when frozen conditions provide a stable working surface, set‐ups may be located in wetland areas. If set‐ups in wetlands are required when surface conditions are not stable, extensive use of timber matting is required. The most effective means to minimize impacts to wetlands, streams, and open water bodies during construction is to span streams and rivers by placing structures above the normal high water level. In general, construction equipment is permitted to be driven across waterways except under special circumstances, and then only after discussion with the appropriate resource agency. Where waterways must be crossed by construction equipment, the Applicants will use temporary clear span bridges to minimize the impact on the waterway. For those waterways which cannot be crossed with construction equipment, workers walk across or use boats during wire stringing operations to pull in the new conductors and shield wires or in the winter drive equipment across the ice. In areas where construction occurs close to waterways, appropriate measures will be employed to minimize soil erosion and prevent sedimentation of the waterways. The Applicants will ensure that equipment fueling and lubricating occur at a reasonable distance from the waterways. July 2010 Description of the Proposed Action Page 2‐8
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Avian Mitigation Plan 4.0 OPERATION
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Avian Mitigation Plan Leech Lake Re
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Appendix F Detailed Cover Type Tables - USDA Rural Development

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