(BRAVO) Study: Final Report. - Desert Research Institute
(BRAVO) Study: Final Report. - Desert Research Institute
(BRAVO) Study: Final Report. - Desert Research Institute
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<strong>Final</strong> <strong>Report</strong> — September 2004<br />
20<br />
18<br />
16<br />
SO 2<br />
y = 0.405x + 2.6087<br />
R 2 = 0.1294<br />
20<br />
18<br />
16<br />
SO 4<br />
=<br />
y = 0.8404x + 0.7158<br />
R 2 = 0.3766<br />
Predicted Predicted SO2 SO2 (µg/m3) (ug/m3)<br />
14<br />
12<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
Predicted Predicted SO4 SO4 (µg/m3) (ug/m3)<br />
14<br />
12<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
2<br />
Predicted TES TES (µg/m3) (ug/m3)<br />
0<br />
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20<br />
20<br />
18<br />
16<br />
14<br />
12<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
TS<br />
Observed SO2 (ug/m3)<br />
y = 0.6372x + 1.5321<br />
R 2 = 0.2454<br />
0<br />
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20<br />
Observed TES (ug/m3)<br />
0<br />
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20<br />
Observed SO4 (ug/m3)<br />
Figure 9-20. Scatter plots of REMSAD 24-hr sulfur<br />
concentration predictions versus measured values at<br />
37 <strong>BRAVO</strong> network locations over the full <strong>BRAVO</strong><br />
<strong>Study</strong> period.<br />
9.10 Evaluation of CMAQ Simulations of Perfluorocarbon Tracers<br />
The dispersion simulation capability of the CMAQ three-dimensional Eulerian airquality<br />
model was tested by simulating the transport of the inert perfluorocarbon tracers from<br />
specific point sources to receptor sites. For the inert tracer simulation, the chemistry, aerosol,<br />
and dry deposition modules were disabled. Meteorological fields were generated by<br />
processing the MM5 output with MCIP version 2.1 and a four-month simulation was<br />
conducted from July 2 to October 30, 1999. The approach and results are summarized here.<br />
For details see the EPRI report (Pun et al., 2004), which is contained in the Appendix.<br />
For these tracer simulations, CMAQ was configured with the Bott advection scheme<br />
for horizontal and vertical advection, the eddy diffusion scheme for vertical diffusion, and<br />
the non-standard Smagorinsky scheme for horizontal diffusion. This is the same<br />
configuration that was used subsequently for the aerosol attribution modeling, as described in<br />
Section 8.4.4. CMAQ was initially evaluated against the tracer measurements using the<br />
horizontal diffusion scheme that is standard in the model and the alternative Smagorinsky<br />
scheme (which is the scheme used in REMSAD) that produces greater diffusion. Since the<br />
Smagorinsky scheme gave slightly better model performance when compared to the tracer<br />
measurements (Pun et al., 2003), it was selected for use in the subsequent aerosol modeling<br />
9-45
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