(BRAVO) Study: Final Report. - Desert Research Institute

Final Report — September 2004
Table of Contents (continued)
Page
3.5 Meteorological Measurements.......................................................................... 3-11
3.6 Source Characterization.................................................................................... 3-13
3.7 Aircraft Measurements ..................................................................................... 3-14
4. EMISSIONS INFORMATION ...................................................................................... 4-1
4.1 Emission Inventory............................................................................................. 4-1
4.2 Emissions Modeling ........................................................................................... 4-5
4.3 Emissions Inventory Assessment ....................................................................... 4-7
5. THE ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT OBSERVED AT BIG BEND
NATIONAL PARK DURING THE BRAVO STUDY ................................................. 5-1
5.1 Particulate Matter Characterization by the Routine Measurement Network...... 5-1
5.1.1 Particulate Matter Temporal and Spatial Characteristics..................... 5-1
5.1.2 Properties of Particulate Matter at Big Bend National Park ................ 5-4
5.2 Detailed Characterization of the Particulate Matter at Big Bend National
Park................................................................................................................... 5-6
5.2.1 Ionic Composition of Big Bend Particulate Matter.............................. 5-7
5.2.2 Short Time Resolution Sulfate Concentrations at Big Bend................ 5-8
5.2.3 Organic Source Markers in Big Bend Aerosol................................... 5-10
5.2.4 Particle Size Distribution ................................................................... 5-12
5.2.5 Very Fine PM as a Source Tracer ...................................................... 5-13
5.3 Characterization of Optical Conditions at Big Bend National Park ................. 5-15
5.3.1 Light Absorption Measurements........................................................ 5-15
5.3.2 Optical Measurements of the Big Bend Atmosphere......................... 5-19
5.4 Meteorology During the BRAVO Study .......................................................... 5-21
5.5 Perfluorocarbon Tracer Experiment Findings .................................................. 5-26
5.5.1 Continuous Tracer Results ................................................................. 5-26
5.5.2 Analysis of Timing Tracer Data......................................................... 5-30
6. ANALYSIS OF BRAVO MEASUREMENTS.............................................................. 6-1
6.1 Collocated Measurements................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Fine PM Mass Closure........................................................................................ 6-3
6.3 Extinction Budget ............................................................................................... 6-4
6.3.1 Light Scattering by Dry Particles ......................................................... 6-4
6.3.2 Species Contributions to Light Extinction ........................................... 6-5
6.4 Evaluation of the IMPROVE Equation for Estimating Light Extinction at
Big Bend National Park.................................................................................... 6-8
7. STUDY PERIOD REPRESENTATIVENESS .............................................................. 7-1
7.1 Meteorology........................................................................................................ 7-1
7.2 Transport Climatology........................................................................................ 7-4
7.3 Aerosol and Light Extinction.............................................................................. 7-9
7.4 Assessment of BRAVO Study Representativeness .......................................... 7-19
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