TOLD by the PIONEERS - Washington Secretary of State

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Told by the Pioneers I was then only 11 years old, but a very busy small girl. Few people today realize the amount of work that had to be done in an hotel in those days. There was, of course, no running water, and each room npstairshad its wash bowl and pitcher, to be cleaned and refilled every morning. And the kerosene lamps needed to be cleaned and filled, besides the making of beds and changing of linen. Every day was wash day sheets, pillow cases, towels, table linen, etc. and no "washing machine either, just the good old wash board rub-a-dub-dub. I helped, too, in the dining room at meal time. There was little time for play. During the boom, with homes and business houses going up as rapidly as boards could be sawed and hammered into place by scores of earpenters, ours was an exciting tOW'l1 to live in. It was far from beautiful, however; for the streets were piled with lumber and the din of hammer and saw continued from early morning until late in the • evenll1g. By 1893 the population had grown to 500 people, with from 800 to 1,000 prospectors and railroad men constantly coming and going. A tent hospital had been established and in that year my sister, Lena Gnnn taught the first school in a room of a private home. A small school house was built the next veal'. • As seemed inevitable in all pioneer towns, Index was visited in the summer of 1893 by a fire which destroyed virtually the entire town. The fire was started b~' a boy who, reading in bed, upset a candle. No lives were lost, but two little girls were badly burned. My father immediately rebuilt the store and hotel, and others also replaced the burned buildings. But by now the railroad had been built and the workmen had de- • parted, and the mining excitement died down. About 1897-98, mining excitement again grew and the discovery and development of the Sunset copper mine brought renewed life to Index. Two new" hotels, a drug store, and other mercantile establishments were built. A newspaper was established, giving us our first opportunity to read of local happenings in our own town. Many were the stories run in this little paper about the vast interests about to invest in mining' great concentrators and stamp mills to be built. railroads to carry the ore, etc. but most of these rumors never materialized. Such ore as was removed was brought down from Galena and other mines in bags and from here transported to the smelter in Everett. 91
· Told by the Pioneers CA T ASTROPHIES A territory with a history of any length must have in its records events that try the spirit of its citizens. vVashington, divided as it is by the great Cascade range, has two sections differing widely in climate, products and industries. The catastrophies that have stricken our territory are thus more or less limited in their area by the mountains. Disastn)us Winter The first se\'ere stroke of ill luck was the hard winter of 1861-62. This winter was particularly hard on the east side and did its greatest damage to the cattle ranges. Snow so deep and cold so severe that range men lost practically all the stock in the territory. Settlements, as such, were so new that little or no preparation had been made to provide the stock with winter feed. Experiences of former winters had shown that outside range was ayailable through the entire winter season. Seeo'Jul lIard JVinter The bitter experiences of 1861-62 were S0011 forgotten by the early settlers and the new settlers, seeing their stock forag'e winter after winter, thought it would not happen again. Almost two decades did pass before the second hard winter came. In 1879-80 snow began to fall on Friday night in early January and by Tuesday morning it measured from four to eight feet in depth all over the state. Olympia, Seattle, Bellingham and Vancouver on the west side, reported oyer four feet. Towards the mountain ranges in eastern Lewis, Snohomish and Skagit counties, depths of eight feet were reported. Mild weather came for a few days, softening the sno\v, then followed weeks of freezing weather, forming a crust the liYestock were unable to break through. Again heavy losses in livestock were taken. On the east side the snow fall was not so heavy but the cold was more intense and damage to livestock was heavier because of the greater number of people depending upon that kind of farming for a livelihood. This heavy loss to the range men, coupled ",rith the opening of the central part of the state to homesteads, saw the last of the great herds of cattle and bands of horses. Ten years later, almost to the day, occurred the third storm with similar results. 92
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• • • • , ~EMINIJ(ENt:EI'·
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TOLD BY THE PIONEERS IN MEMORIAM Wh
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WASHINGTON PIONEER PROJECT ADVISORY
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Name &: Count~·
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Tvld by the Pioneers of Tennessee,
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Told by the Pinneers Science, searc
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Told by the Pioneers front of the b
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Told by the Pioneers GEORGE E. BLAN
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Tnlr1 111/ thp Pinl1PPT.
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Told by the Pioneers cringe by maki
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Told by the Pioneers Trouble with t
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Told by the Pioneers No white man n
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Told by the Pioneers Ka,-anaugh was
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Told by the Pioneers June 11, 1866:
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Tuld by the Pioneers cient amount t
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try early. Told by the Pioneers The
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Told by the Pioneers grants this se
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Told by the Pioneers gather oysters
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Told by the Pioneers winds of fate.
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Told by the Pioneers for the family
Page 41 and 42: Told by the Pioneers I was but seve
Page 43 and 44: Told by the Pioneers "Sunday, J ul:
Page 45 and 46: Told by the Pioneers "·We had a on
Page 47 and 48: Told by the Pioneers "Father Wilbur
Page 49 and 50: Told by the Pion,eers knew. A pries
Page 51 and 52: Told by the Pioneers hadn't had fat
Page 53 and 54: Told by the Pioneers the ducks flew
Page 55 and 56: Told by the Pioneers The first year
Page 57 and 58: Told by the Pioneers born February
Page 59 and 60: Told by the Pioneers until 10 :00 0
Page 61 and 62: the expression" Seattle spirit" ash
Page 63 and 64: Told by the Pioneers also a cabinet
Page 65 and 66: Told by the Pioneers Funeral servic
Page 67 and 68: Told by the Pioneers My father neve
Page 69 and 70: Told by the Pioneers LOUIS F. IMAN
Page 71 and 72: Told by the Pioneers son we were lu
Page 73 and 74: Told by the Pioneers aud they were
Page 75 and 76: Told by the Pioneers about twenty m
Page 77 and 78: Told by the Pioneers Squaws used to
Page 79 and 80: Told by the Pioneers Martial law wa
Page 81 and 82: Told by the Pioneers Interstate Bri
Page 83 and 84: Told by the Pioneers war cries and
Page 85 and 86: Told by the Pioneers MINING EFFECTS
Page 87 and 88: Told by the Pioneers E. J. DORIAN O
Page 89 and 90: Told by the Pioneers trip in a smal
Page 91: Told by the Pioneers into the mine,
Page 95 and 96: Told by the Pioneers EMMA FUNK (, G
Page 97 and 98: Told by the Pioneers frozen or star
Page 99 and 100: Told by the Pioneers try and cost $
Page 101 and 102: Told by the Pioneers ADDIE PITT Yak
Page 103 and 104: Told by the Pioneers MISCELLANEOUS
Page 105 and 106: Told by the Pioneer~ PERRY W. BAKER
Page 107 and 108: Told by the P·i(lneers was melted
Page 109 and 110: Told .by the Pioneers SOPHUS JACOBS
Page 111 and 112: Told by the Pioneers cathedral. Wat
Page 113 and 114: Told by the Pioneers tom, and we co
Page 115 and 116: Told by the Pioneers ily bring the
Page 117 and 118: Told by the Pioneers had our beddin
Page 119 and 120: Told by the Pio-neers MRS. JESSE E.
Page 121 and 122: Told by theP'ioneers papers. The fu
Page 123 and 124: Told by the Pioneers THE ROUNDUP ON
Page 125 and 126: Told by the Pioneers obtained a fai
Page 127 and 128: Told by the Pioneers JONATHAN RINEH
Page 129 and 130: Told by the Pioneers had increased
Page 131 and 132: Told by the Pioneers WILLIS BENNETT
Page 133 and 134: Told by the Pioneers 'Ve were left
Page 135 and 136: Told by the Pioneers unafraid. Away
Page 137 and 138: Told by the Pioneers THOMAS M. NEEL
Page 139 and 140: Told by the Pioneers PIONEER MAIL S
Page 141 and 142: Told by the Pioneers from The Dalle
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Told by the Pioneers to insure the
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Told .by the Pioneers MRS. MARTHA J
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1'old by the Pioneers that mig-ht b
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Told by the Pioneers MELVIN F. HAWK
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Told by the Pioneers a most beautif
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Told by the Pioneers of good fun. "
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Told by the Pioneers Father started
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Told by the Pioneers ing of our fir
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Told by the Pioneers MONSON THORP,
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Told by the Pioneers burg. ::\lail
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Told by the Pioneers In 1856 my par
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Told by the Pioneers It has lasted
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Told by the Pioneers resented by st
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Told by the Pioneers couldn't stick
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Told by the Pioneers There were no
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Told by th6 Pioneers with lots of s
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Told by the Pioneers My foster fath
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Told by the Pioneers the log house
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Told by the Pioneers small lad, and
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Told by the Pioneers grown, at the
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Told by the Pioneers cabin large en
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Told by the Pioneers toe Bough," (i
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Told by the Pioneers Nelson Chapple
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Told by the Pioneers Then, when the
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Told by the Pioneers Hoquiam's firs
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1'old by the PiOtleers HUBBAR1' STO
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Told by the Pioneers was organized
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Told by the Pioneers del" to should
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Told by the Pioneers teach our scho
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Told by the Pioneers JOHN P. SPANGL
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Told by the Pioneers OSCAR ROSWELL
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Told by the Pioneers not only the c
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Told by the Pioneers forest, and al
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Told by the Pioneers boys shingled
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T old by the Pioneers that the stor
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Told by the Pioneers Nannie 0 'Donn
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Told by the Pioneers efficient teac
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Told by the Pioneers style of The P
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Told by the Pioneers efforts to pro
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Told by the Pioneers THE COLLEGE OF
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Told by the Pioneers ern California
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Told by the Pioneers school. On .Ma
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Told by the Pioneers rise as needed
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Told by the Pioneers playground spa
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Told by the Pioneers of many local
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Told by the Pioneers UNPUBLISHED IN
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Pratt, Aurelia Rosencr
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Mills, Henrietta E. Mi
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BIBLIOGRAPHr Padfic County Brown, C
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Ketchum, Abraham La Pr
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INDEX Aberdeen, Washington, 191 Abr
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INDEX Carr, Edmund, 206 Carr, O. J
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INDEX Dyer, 67 "Dying Californian's
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INDEX Harris, Lafe, 212 Hart, Charl
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INDEX Lake Union, 150 Lake Washingt
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INDEX Neah Bay, 37, 39, 145, 184 Ne
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INDEX Red Shirt, mine, 84 Reed, Cha
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INDEX Stewart, Mark, 40 Stitzel, Ja
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INDEX Whitworth, Harry, 17 Whitwort
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TOLD by the PIONEERS - Washington Secretary of State

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