Told by the Pioneers - Washington Secretary of State

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Told by the Pioneers doubt, one Indian having' told me that it was a Nez Perce word meaning bark creek and another that it was from the French and meant a small creek. 'rhe word Touchet has never been properly identified, but Ed Raboin thought it was from the French, and ca~e from the exclamation "touche" used in fencing with foils, when one of the fencers touched the other over a vital spot. In 1811, John Jacob Astor, in an effort to control the fur trade of the Pacific northwest, established a fort at the mouth of the Columhia, and in October of that year, David Stewart, with a small party journeyed up the Columbia and established a small trading post at the mouth of the Okanogan, tbis being the first white settlement within the present limits of the State of Washington, but these things are beyond the scope of this paper and are given only passing notice. After the Lewis and Clark party, the next white men to travel through Columbia County was the noted Captain Bonneville, whose adventures are described in the works of Washington Irving. Bonneville made several efforts to establish a trading station in the Oregon eountry, but was discouraged by the hostility of the Hudson's Bay people. On his second trip he came down the Snake River to the mouth of the Alpowai, and from there took the old Nez Perce trails to old Fort Walla 'Walla, which was located where Wallula now MallCls. He passed through the present site of Dayton on March 1st, 1834, and deseribes this section as a beautiful and fertile region, bett('r wooded than most of the tracts through which they had passed. To impress the Indians with the power of the whites, when he was asked how many people there were in the United States, he replied that "theY were as countless as the blades of grass in the prairies, and that great as Snake River was, if they were all camped upon its hanks the~- would drink it dry in a single day." In 1835 Rev. Parker and Dr. Marcus Whitman were sent ont bv the • Board of Foreign ?I[issions to look for a favorable point to establish a Presh:derian mission in the Oregon country. On their arri'-al at the trappers' rendez,'ous on the Green River in 'Wyoming, they met a young Nez Perce chief, there on a trading expedition, who, on aceount of his natural wit and fluent speech was called"Lawyer" by the white trappers. After talking with Lawyer, they decided to establish their mission with his people, and Dr. ,Yhitmall returned to the east, while Parker came to the Nez Perce ~ountry with Chief Lawyer, where he was • treated with great kindness by the Indians. He then started to Fort ,Valla 'Valla, passing throug'h the present location of Dayton on October 3rd 1835 and eontinued dO\\'D the Columbia to Fort Vancouver. , , 139
Totd by the Pioneers In this connection it might be well to say, that of all the western Indians, the Nez Perce alone remained friendly to the whites until 1877, when a portion of the tribe led by Chief Joseph revolted against the attempt of the white settlers to expel them from their favorite hunting grounds ill the valley of the 'Vallowa. All the old settlers of this country remember Chief Lawyer, who nearly eyery summer for many years, during the corn cutting season, established his camp on the Touchet, in the vicinity of the city park. He was always a good friend of the white people, and rendered great assistance in keeping the larger part of his people out of the Joseph war. His name is perpetuated in Lawyer's Canyon, crossed by one of the highest railroad bridges in the world, on the Grangeville branch. In 1836, Dr. Whitman and Re,-. Henry H. Spaulding, with their young wi Yes, and :Mr. VV. H. Gray, afterwards a prominent resident of Astoria, left their homes in the east for the purpose of establishing two missions in the far west. After journeying across the plains and the Rockies, they arrived in September at Fort Walla Walla, then in charge of P_ C. Pambrun, a British agent. They then continued on down the Columbia to Fort Vancouver, where they left the ladies. The men returned to Fort vValla Walla, and a few days later built their first house at the old Whitman Mission. It is curious to read their impression of the qualities of the soil at that time. Mr. Pambrun thought it would raise corn, some potatoes and possibly wheat, although he had not tried it. Dr. Whitman concluded that there was about ten acres around the mission acceptable for cultivation, and a few spots of from hvo to six acres each along the streams and foothills, that might be cultivated for the use of the natives. They certainly made a poor estimate of the producing qualities of what is now the greatest wheat belt in the world. Shortly afterward, leaving Mr. Gray in charge of the Whitman mission, Dr. Whitman and Mr. Spaulding took the old trails for the Nez Perce country and passed through the present site of Dayton. They located the second mission for Mr. Spaulding on the Lapwai creek, two miles above its mouth. They then returned to the Whitman mission and l\'lr. Spaulding went down to Vancom-er for the ladies. In the latter part of November, 1836, Dr. Whitman and Mr. and Mrs. Spaulding again journeyed through this county to Lapwai, where they built a house and established the Spaulding mission. Thus Mrs. Spaulding enjoyed the distinction of being the first white woman to set foot on the soil of Columbia County. • On this trip they visited with Red Wolf, a chief of the Alpowai branC'h of the Nez Perces, who lived near the mouth of the Alpowai 140
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T i.1) BY .. •• REMINISCENCES O
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WASHINGTON PiONEER PROJECT ADVISORY
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Told by the Pioneers FOREWORD 'rhe
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-- TABLE OF CONTENTS-- Continued A
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Told by the Pioneers Their next mov
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To~d by the Pioneers rolled; later
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Built NewZJort Homes Told by the Pi
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Told by the Pioneers and Mrs. Livd
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Told by the Pioneers remain awake.
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Sorne Pioneer Adrice Told by the Pi
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Told by the Pioneers of 73. :Mr. Sa
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Told by the Pioneers on the Hoh Riv
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west from the end of the rails. in
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Told by the Pioneers sr'E CLAYTON B
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Totd by the Pioneers artificial flo
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Told by the Pioneers Walla Walla In
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Told by the Pioneers were driven in
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Told by the Pir.neers A grave in th
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Told by the Pioneers KELSEY CONGOR
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Told by the Pioneers matches, 1,200
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Told by the Pioneers Here is someth
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Told by the Pioneers They returned
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Told by the Pioneers Egypt" and the
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Told by the Pioneers Mrs. J. P. Hoy
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Told by the Pioneers The beautiful
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Told by the Pioneers down his bushe
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Told by the Pioneers we enjoyed the
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Told by the Pioneers A :Mr. Lucas,
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Told by the Pioneers River. Father
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Told by the Pioneers sand miles of
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Told by the Pioneers other. "There
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Told by the Pioneers sage brush, as
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Told by the Pioneers way, as I reme
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Told by the Pioneers summits. It wa
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Told by the Pioneers smelled so str
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Told by the Pioneers saw it anywher
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Told by the Pioneers Landing. When
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Told by the Pioneers In the winter
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Told by the Pioneers Mr. Shazer of
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Tuld by the PiMleers Madam; I have
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Told by the Pioneers on the prairie
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Page 105 and 106: Told by the Pioneers bear trail. \V
Page 107 and 108: a piece two inches above the head.
Page 109 and 110: Told by the Pioneers house and barn
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Page 115 and 116: Told by the Pioneers ping at Col. E
Page 117 and 118: Told by the Pioneers hand. Threshin
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Page 121 and 122: Told by the Pioneers Loren Bingham
Page 123 and 124: Told by the Pioneers Port Townsend,
Page 125 and 126: Told by the Pioneers was part owner
Page 127 and 128: Told by the Pioneers HUGH ELDRIDGE
Page 129 and 130: Told by the Pioneers white settlers
Page 131 and 132: Told by the Pioneers British Columb
Page 133 and 134: Told by the Pioneers to the importa
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Page 139 and 140: Told by the Pioneers fact that he h
Page 141 and 142: Told by the Pioneers mox was killed
Page 143 and 144: Told by the Pioneers a lasting peac
Page 145 and 146: Told by the Pioneers The immigratio
Page 147 and 148: Told by the Pioneers $55 per month
Page 149 and 150: Told by the Pioneers The land claim
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Page 157 and 158: Told by the Pioneers teacher here.
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Page 173 and 174: To~d by the Pioneers tians of many
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Told by the Pioneers nearby, in a h
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Told by the Pioneers stead, who was
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Told by the Pioneers The pioneers o
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Told by the Pioneers Provisions wer
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Told by the Pioneers country, where
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Told by the Pioneer grass still gre
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A Little Incident Told by the Pione
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Told by the Pioneers I got a postof
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Told by the Pioneers Tacoma, we cam
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Told by the Pi(meers on heavy strap
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Told by the Pioneers and got the co
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Told by the Pioneers of merchandise
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Told by the Pioneers to the 200 men
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Told by the Pioneers ';Vhen the you
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Told by the Pioneers With the comin
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Logging in Mason County Told by the
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Told by the Pioneers played this mo
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INDEX Benton, 149 Benton, Maine, 16
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INDEX Cold Spring Canyon, 13 Colfax
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INDEX Engle, A. W., Mrs., 51 Engle,
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INDEX Hays, Logan, 82 Hearn, Lamber
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INDEX Ketchikan, Alaska, 127 Kimbal
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INDEX Montgomery, William (Bill), 1
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'SDEX Polk, 1 'i 5 Polk County, Ore
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INDEX Second National Bank, Colfax,
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INDEX Touchet Valley, 134, 135, 150
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INDEX Yakima River, 15 Yakima Valle
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Told by the Pioneers - Washington Secretary of State

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