Told by the Pioneers - Washington Secretary of State

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Told by the Pioneers The Abernathy sawmill at Oak Point did a big business in the '50s shipping timber to San Francisco, and was one of the few on the Columbia. There was one steamer a month, the Columbia, in 1853, between Portland and San Francisco, carrying mail and passengers. Rates: $90 first cabin, $45 steerage. Flour was $15 a barrel, ham 40 cents a pound, pork $40 a barrel, butter 75 cents a pound; good cattle $200 a yoke, and cows $50 a head. All kinds of goods were high, as they "'ere shipped around the horn as a rule. In 1853 what 'was known as the military road was opened) an appropriation having been made by the government, and contributions from people of Pierce and Thurston Counties. In the fall of 1854 a portion of the immigration passed over it though it was not much more than a trail. This was the main thoroughfare of the territory, over which the mail was carried. The earliest settlers of Cowlitz settled in and around Monticello as early as 1848, coming from Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Missouri. The Huntingtons, Smiths, Catlins, Fowlers, Barlows, "\Vallaces and Ostranders were names well and favorably known throughout the territory in the early 'fifties. "\Ve had to go to Milwaukie, Oregon, to mill, about 70 miles, in a small boat. "\Ve had to live on rather coarse fare now and then, as for instance, two weeks on bran bread. Pioneers traded and bartered with each other for food. Many times, being short of tools, we could not get off big cottonwoods, and so dug trenches and tumbled them in and buried them. A WALLA WALLA PIONEER Ransom Clark crossed the plains in 1843 with the exploration party led by Lieutenant .rohn C. Fremont, the pathfinder. During the same year Lettice Mellican made the crossing with her parents in the vVhitman train. This train entered the WaUa "\Valla valley and camped four miles below the "\Vhitman mission for a few days, then moved down to the old Fort Nez Perce or "\Valla Walla, at "1allula, where the emigrants spent several days building boats and preparing for the trip down the river. Mr. McKinley, the agent for the Hudson's Bay Company, suggested that thev leave their cattle and horses for the winter in care of the • 35
Told by the Pioneers Walla Walla Indians. This they did and all were returned to them the • following spring in good condition. Fremont's party arrived in Oregon Territory about two weeks later. The next year young Clark was appointed with A. G. Hembree and Joel Palmer by the Provisional Government to survey a road from the falls of the Willamette at Oregon City to Yamhill Falls. A. G. Hembree was captain of the Yamhill troops in the Indian war in 1855, and was killed near the present site of Toppenish, where a marker has been erected in his memory. .Joel Palmer joined Governor Stevens in making the treaty of Walla Walla the same year. Young Clark and Lettice Millican were married in 1845 and commenced farming on the Yamhill river. He seems to have raised a surplus, for we find in the Oregon Spectator, the first newspaper published in Oregon Territory, that he advertises" for sale at his home on the Yamhill River, wheat, oats, corn, white beans and potatoes, also bacon, pork, salt pork, hogs and breeding sows." That was July 4, 1846. In March of 1847 he states he has" ten yoke of first rate work oxen for sale on his farm," and a little later, that he will hold an "auction sale at his home, of five yoke first rate American work oxen, two American cows, 30 head of hogs and four horses. Terms satisfactory, notes payable in wheat after harvest." Young Clark tried his luck in the California gold mines for a while, then returned and went into the hotel business, first in Linn City, and then in Portland. The lure of gold again calling him, he left the business with his partner and joined the stampede to the Pend Oreille country. There was little gold to be found, and the disappointed seekers turned back. Clark had passed through the W alIa Walla valley with Fremont in 1843 and had never forgotten the stretch of rich land with its many streams. He now stopped to take a good look and the result was the establishing of his donation claim, a mile square of land two miles south of the present city of Walla Walla. While he was in the mOllntains getting out logs for his house, Colonel Nathan Olney, government agent of the interior tribes, brought $500 in silver to the Hudson's Bay Company fort at Wallula to give to the 'Valla 'Valla chief, Peu-peu-mox-mox. The chief refused the money and refused to meet Colonel Olney. It was known by Governor Stevens and military officers at the various forts that trouble was brewing with the Indians of the upper country because the whites were beginning to occupy the land. Colonel Olney ordered all settlers in the valley to leave at once for The Dalles and below. Word was carried to Ransom Clark, who has- 36
Page 1 and 2: T i.1) BY .. •• REMINISCENCES O
Page 3 and 4: WASHINGTON PiONEER PROJECT ADVISORY
Page 5 and 6: Told by the Pioneers FOREWORD 'rhe
Page 7 and 8: -- TABLE OF CONTENTS-- Continued A
Page 9 and 10: Told by the Pioneers Their next mov
Page 11 and 12: Told by the Pioneers As soon as I a
Page 13 and 14: To~d by the Pioneers rolled; later
Page 15 and 16: Built NewZJort Homes Told by the Pi
Page 17 and 18: Told by the Pioneers and Mrs. Livd
Page 19 and 20: Told by the Pioneers remain awake.
Page 21 and 22: Sorne Pioneer Adrice Told by the Pi
Page 23 and 24: Told by the Pioneers of 73. :Mr. Sa
Page 25 and 26: Told by the Pioneers on the Hoh Riv
Page 27 and 28: west from the end of the rails. in
Page 29 and 30: Told by the Pioneers sr'E CLAYTON B
Page 31: Totd by the Pioneers artificial flo
Page 35 and 36: Told by the Pioneers were driven in
Page 37 and 38: Told by the Pir.neers A grave in th
Page 39 and 40: Told by the Pioneers KELSEY CONGOR
Page 41 and 42: Told by the Pioneers matches, 1,200
Page 43 and 44: Told by the Pioneers Here is someth
Page 45 and 46: Told by the Pioneers They returned
Page 47 and 48: Told by the Pioneers Egypt" and the
Page 49 and 50: Told by the Pioneers Mrs. J. P. Hoy
Page 51 and 52: Told by the Pioneers The beautiful
Page 53 and 54: Told by the Pioneers down his bushe
Page 55 and 56: Told by the Pioneers we enjoyed the
Page 57 and 58: Told by the Pioneers A :Mr. Lucas,
Page 59 and 60: Told by the Pioneers River. Father
Page 61 and 62: Told by the Pioneers sand miles of
Page 63 and 64: Told by the Pioneers other. "There
Page 65 and 66: Told by the Pioneers sage brush, as
Page 67 and 68: Told by the Pioneers way, as I reme
Page 69 and 70: Told by the Pioneers summits. It wa
Page 71 and 72: Told by the Pioneers smelled so str
Page 73 and 74: Told by the Pioneers saw it anywher
Page 75 and 76: Told by the Pioneers Landing. When
Page 77 and 78: Told by the Pioneers In the winter
Page 79 and 80: Told by the Pioneers Mr. Shazer of
Page 81 and 82: Tuld by the PiMleers Madam; I have
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Told by the Pioneers on the prairie
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Told by the Pioneers Chinook langua
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Told by the Pio11eers Before mo\-in
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Told by the Pioneers musket in my a
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Told by the Pioneers in all the non
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Told by the Pioneers goods box and
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Told by the Pioneers under it. When
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Told by the Pioneers came Oll and o
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Totd by the Pioneers proud of 'what
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Told by the Pioneers In the spring
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Told by the Pioneers In the fall of
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Told by the Pioneers bear trail. \V
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a piece two inches above the head.
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Told by the Pioneers house and barn
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Told by the Pioneers than three mon
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Told by the Pioneers of them-were t
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Told by the Pioneers ping at Col. E
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Told by the Pioneers hand. Threshin
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Told by the Pioneers that time the
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Told by the Pioneers Loren Bingham
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Told by the Pioneers Port Townsend,
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Told by the Pioneers was part owner
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Told by the Pioneers HUGH ELDRIDGE
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Told by the Pioneers white settlers
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Told by the Pioneers British Columb
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Told by the Pioneers to the importa
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Told by the Pioneers that this "was
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Totd by the Pioneers In this connec
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Told by the Pioneers fact that he h
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Told by the Pioneers mox was killed
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Told by the Pioneers a lasting peac
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Told by the Pioneers The immigratio
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Told by the Pioneers $55 per month
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Told by the Pioneers The land claim
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Told by the Pioneers is on this (\V
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Told by the Pioneers ~1r. Espy beca
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Told by the Pioneet·s two of the C
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Told by the Pioneers teacher here.
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Told by the Pioneers "sports" with
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Told by the Pioneers that after hoo
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Told by the Pioneers MRS. TV. C. GR
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Told by the Pioneers off the table
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The hotel was also headquarters for
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Told by the Pioneers tea kettle wou
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Told by the Pioneers "He deeded the
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To~d by the Pioneers tians of many
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Told by the Pioneers Mr. Munks had
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Told by the Pioneers beach, picking
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Told by the Pioneers for making pil
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Told by the Pioneers and four bedro
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Told by the Pioneers standing and f
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Told by the Pioneers MRS. P. ll. SC
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Told by the Pioneers nearby, in a h
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Told by the Pioneers stead, who was
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Told by the Pioneers The pioneers o
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Told by the Pioneers Provisions wer
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Told by the Pioneers country, where
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Told by the Pioneer grass still gre
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A Little Incident Told by the Pione
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Told by the Pioneers I got a postof
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Told by the Pioneers Tacoma, we cam
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Told by the Pi(meers on heavy strap
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Told by the Pioneers and got the co
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Told by the Pioneers of merchandise
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Told by the Pioneers to the 200 men
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Told by the Pioneers ';Vhen the you
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Told by the Pioneers With the comin
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Logging in Mason County Told by the
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Told by the Pioneers played this mo
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INDEX Benton, 149 Benton, Maine, 16
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INDEX Cold Spring Canyon, 13 Colfax
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INDEX Engle, A. W., Mrs., 51 Engle,
Page 227 and 228:
INDEX Hays, Logan, 82 Hearn, Lamber
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INDEX Ketchikan, Alaska, 127 Kimbal
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INDEX Montgomery, William (Bill), 1
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'SDEX Polk, 1 'i 5 Polk County, Ore
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INDEX Second National Bank, Colfax,
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INDEX Touchet Valley, 134, 135, 150
Page 239:
INDEX Yakima River, 15 Yakima Valle
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Told by the Pioneers - Washington Secretary of State

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