FIRE DESIGN OF STEEL MEMBERS - Civil and Natural Resources ...

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10 REFERENCES: Anchor, R.D., Malhotra H.L., Purkiss, J.A. 1986. Design of Structures Against Fire, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London, Great Britain. Bennets, I.D., Proe, D.J., Thomas, I.R. 1986. Simulation of the Fire Testing of Structural Steel Elements by Calculation – Thermal Response. Steel Construction, Vol. 19, No.3. BHP Steel 1998. Hot Rolled and Structural Steel Products 98 edition. Design and Production Corporate Profile Pty Ltd. Buchanan, A.H. 1999. Structural Design for Fire. University of Canterbury. Chapter 8 British Standards Institution, 1990. The Structural Use of Steelwork in Buildings: Code of Practice for the Fire Protection of Structural Steelwork. BS 5950: Part 8 London. CIB W14, 1986. Design Guide: Structural Fire Safety. Fire Safety Journal, Vol. 10, No. 2. Clifton, G.C., 1999. Notes Prepared for a Seminar on The Steel Structures Standard NZS 3404:1997. HERA Report R4-101, HERA, Manukau City. Clifton, G.C., Forrest, E. 1996. Notes Prepared for a Seminar on Design of Steel Buildings for Fire Emergency Conditions. HERA Report R4-91. HERA, Manukau City. CSIRO, 1993. FIRECALC. Division of Building Construction and Engineering. CSIRO North Ryde, NSW, Australia. pp 69-75 147
EC3, 1995. Eurocode 3: Design of Steel Structures. ENV 1993-1-2: General Rules – Structural Fire Design. European Committee for Standardisation, Brussels. ECCS, 1983. European Recommendations for the Fire Safety of Steel Structures, Calculation of the Fire Resistance of Load Bearing Elements and Structural Assemblies Exposed to Standard Fire. European Commission for Constructional Steelwork. Elsevier, Brussels. ECCS, 1985. Design Manual on the European Recommendations for the Fire Safety of Steel Structures. European Commission for Constructional Steelwork. Elsevier, Brussels. Elliot, D.A., 1981 Protection of Structural Steelwork, Constrado, England Feeney, M.J. 1998. Design of Steel Framed Apartment and Hotel Buildings for Fire, Australasian Structural Engineering Conference Firepro Safety Ltd, Fire Protective Building Products, Fire Manual, or see http://www.firepro.co.nz/datasheets/pindex.htm Franssen, J.M., Schleich, J.B.,Cajot, L.G., Azpiazu, W, 1996. A Simple Model for the Fire Resistance of Axially Loaded Members – Comparison with Experimental Results. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, Vol. 37, No. 3, pp175-204. Gamble, W.L. 1989. Predicting Protected Steel Member Fire Endurance Using Spread-Sheet Programs, Fire Technology. Vol 25, No 3 pp256-273 Gilvery, K.R., Dexter, R.J. 1997. Evaluation of Alternative Methods for Fire Rating Structural Elements, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST-GCR-97-718) Gorenc, B., Tinyou, R., Syam, A. 1996. Steel Designers Handbook, 6 th Edition, UNSW Press, Sydney, Australia. 148
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Fire Design of Steel Members K R Le
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ABSTRACT: The New Zealand Steel Cod
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TABLE OF CONTENTS: ABSTRACT:.......
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5.4 RESULTS FOR FOUR SIDED EXPOSURE
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LIST OF FIGURES: FIGURE 1.1: VARIAT
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FIGURE 5.11: TEMPERATURE CONTOUR LI
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designed with confidence. Full scal
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eams and struts when subjected to a
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Gilvery and Dexter, (1997), prepare
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with conditions specified to ensure
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1.6 BACKGROUND INFORMATION: 1.6.1 F
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experienced in fire situations, but
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The thermal conductivity is not imp
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[ The heated perimeter of the steel
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The advantages of board systems are
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The values for the thermal properti
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insulation has on the rise of the s
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( T − T ) k H p f s ∆t ∆T
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spreadsheet method very closely, wi
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protection, and for user defined fi
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This equation originates from the y
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1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 0.
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time. The value of the wall lining
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The Eurocode does not define a meth
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f f y y ( T ) (20) = 1.0 0 < T < 21
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temperature is chosen because it is
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The variation of yield stress data
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15 m -1 < H p /A < 275 m -1 in NZS
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= H p A (m -1 ) 7.85 The cons
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Connections: NZS 3404 requires that
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4 CALCULATION OF STEEL TEMPERATURES
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4.1.2 Analysis Between Methods of T
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Figure 4.2 shows the variation of t
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Minimum temperatures Maximum temper
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For all three sizes of beam, the sp
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Temperature ( o C) 1200 1000 800 60
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The ECCS equation has a time period
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4.3.1 Results from simulations with
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From Figure 4.5 a-c, the formula ra
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Temperature ( o C) 1000 800 600 400
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average temperature of the beam, be
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Temperature ( o C) 1400 1200 1000 8
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significantly decreased from a cool
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Since both programmes use the same
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Therefore, the ECCS equations provi
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5 CALCULATION OF STEEL TEMPERATURES
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calculations made by the spreadshee
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susceptible to heating, heat up mor
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Figure 5.3 a-c show the results fro
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7850*600*10500 > 2*775*1100*(1869*2
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As can be seen from Figure 5.4 a-c,
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310 UB 40.4 beam H p /A = 241 m -1
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The SAFIR results fit between the t
Page 112 and 113: constant specific heat being used i
Page 114 and 115: From Figure 5.7 a-c, it appears tha
Page 116 and 117: 800 Temperature ( o C) 600 400 200
Page 118 and 119: To examine the limits of the thickn
Page 122 and 123: Thermal conductivity, k i = 0.19 W/
Page 126 and 127: the slab except to reduce the secti
Page 128 and 129: Figure 5.14 shows the correlation b
Page 130 and 131: 5.8 CONCLUSIONS: The thermal behavi
Page 132 and 133: 6 COMPARISON OF METHODS USING OTHER
Page 134 and 135: Temperature ( o C) 1200 1000 800 60
Page 136 and 137: 6.2.4 Results for protected steel:
Page 138 and 139: Figures 6.2 b shows the comparison
Page 140 and 141: Figure 6.3 a shows that the average
Page 142 and 143: The fire that the test beams were e
Page 144 and 145: 7 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL IN EUROCODE 3
Page 146 and 147: For thermal analysis in Eurocode 3,
Page 148 and 149: To determine the performance of a s
Page 150 and 151: The plastic neutral axis is located
Page 152 and 153: It is therefore recommended that th
Page 154 and 155: These methods may be used to provid
Page 156: Eurocode has a large annex with gui
Page 159 and 160: 8.3 CHANGES TO NZS 3404: The follow
Page 161: H v height of the ventilation (m) I
Page 165 and 166: Temperature Conditions. National Re
Page 168 and 169: APPENDIX A - SPREADSHEET METHOD: Be
Page 170 and 171: APPENDIX B - SAFIR: In Figure B.2 i
Page 172 and 173: *.str file developed by the pre pro
Page 174 and 175: 22 FISO 23 FISO FISO 24 FISO FISO 2
Page 176: APPENDIX C - FIRECALC Below in Figu
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