FIRE DESIGN OF STEEL MEMBERS - Civil and Natural Resources ...

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APPENDIX A – SPREADSHEET METHOD: Below is an example of a spreadsheet for an unprotected steel beam of size 530UB82.0 exposed to four sided exposure, as explained in Section 2.1.2. F/V 178 m -1 Time Steel temperature Fire temperature Tf-Ts Temp of steel (K) Temp of fire(K) Heat Transfer Co-eff Diff in Steel Temp 0.0 20.0 20.0 0.0 293.0 293.0 #DIV/0! 0.0 1.0 20.0 261.1 241.1 293.0 534.1 34.7 19.0 2.0 39.0 404.3 365.3 312.0 677.3 42.5 35.2 3.0 74.2 476.2 402.0 347.2 749.2 48.7 44.4 4.0 118.6 524.5 405.9 391.6 797.5 54.8 50.4 5.0 169.0 561.0 392.0 442.0 834.0 61.1 54.3 6.0 223.4 590.4 367.0 496.4 863.4 67.8 56.4 7.0 279.8 614.9 335.1 552.8 887.9 75.0 57.0 8.0 336.8 635.9 299.1 609.8 908.9 82.8 56.1 9.0 393.0 654.4 261.5 666.0 927.4 91.0 53.9 10.0 446.9 670.8 224.0 719.9 943.8 99.4 50.5 11.0 497.4 685.6 188.3 770.4 958.6 108.0 46.1 12.0 543.5 699.1 155.6 816.5 972.1 116.5 41.1 13.0 584.6 711.5 126.9 857.6 984.5 124.7 35.9 14.0 620.5 722.9 102.4 893.5 995.9 132.4 30.7 15.0 651.2 733.5 82.3 924.2 1006.5 139.5 26.0 16.0 677.3 743.4 66.2 950.3 1016.4 145.9 21.9 17.0 699.2 752.7 53.6 972.2 1025.7 151.7 18.4 18.0 717.6 761.5 43.9 990.6 1034.5 156.9 15.6 19.0 733.2 769.7 36.5 1006.2 1042.7 161.6 13.4 20.0 746.6 777.6 31.0 1019.6 1050.6 165.9 11.7 21.0 758.3 785.0 26.8 1031.3 1058.0 169.8 10.3 22.0 768.6 792.1 23.6 1041.6 1065.1 173.5 9.3 23.0 777.8 798.9 21.1 1050.8 1071.9 176.9 8.4 24.0 786.3 805.4 19.1 1059.3 1078.4 180.1 7.8 25.0 794.1 811.6 17.5 1067.1 1084.6 183.2 7.3 26.0 801.4 817.6 16.2 1074.4 1090.6 186.1 6.8 27.0 808.2 823.3 15.1 1081.2 1096.3 188.9 6.5 28.0 814.7 828.8 14.2 1087.7 1101.8 191.6 6.2 29.0 820.8 834.1 13.3 1093.8 1107.1 194.3 5.9 30.0 826.7 839.3 12.6 1099.7 1112.3 196.8 5.6 Figure A.1: Example of the spreadsheet method for an unprotected beam. 153
Below is an example of a spreadsheet for a protected steel beam of size 530UB82.0 exposed to four sided exposure, as explained in Section 2.1.3. k i 0.19 W/m K ρ s 7850 kg/m 3 d i 0.02 m c s 600 J/kg K ρ i 775 kg/m 3 H p /A 178 m -1 c i 1100 J/kg K Time Steel temperature Fire temperature Tf-Ts Temp of steel (K) Temp of fire(K) Diff in Steel Temp 0.0 20.0 20.0 0.0 293.0 293.0 0.0 1.0 20.0 261.1 241.1 293.0 534.1 3.9288 2.0 23.9 404.3 380.4 296.9 677.3 6.1973 3.0 30.1 476.2 446.0 303.1 749.2 7.2670 4.0 37.4 524.5 487.1 310.4 797.5 7.9366 5.0 45.3 561.0 515.7 318.3 834.0 8.4020 6.0 53.7 590.4 536.6 326.7 863.4 8.7429 7.0 62.5 614.9 552.4 335.5 887.9 8.9999 8.0 71.5 635.9 564.5 344.5 908.9 9.1965 9.0 80.7 654.4 573.7 353.7 927.4 9.3475 10.0 90.0 670.8 580.8 363.0 943.8 9.4630 11.0 99.5 685.6 586.2 372.5 958.6 9.5501 12.0 109.0 699.1 590.1 382.0 972.1 9.6141 13.0 118.6 711.5 592.8 391.6 984.5 9.6589 14.0 128.3 722.9 594.6 401.3 995.9 9.6876 15.0 138.0 733.5 595.5 411.0 1006.5 9.7026 16.0 147.7 743.4 595.7 420.7 1016.4 9.7060 17.0 157.4 752.7 595.3 430.4 1025.7 9.6993 18.0 167.1 761.5 594.4 440.1 1034.5 9.6839 19.0 176.8 769.7 593.0 449.8 1042.7 9.6608 20.0 186.4 777.6 591.1 459.4 1050.6 9.6311 21.0 196.1 785.0 589.0 469.1 1058.0 9.5955 22.0 205.7 792.1 586.5 478.7 1065.1 9.5547 23.0 215.2 798.9 583.7 488.2 1071.9 9.5094 24.0 224.7 805.4 580.6 497.7 1078.4 9.4601 25.0 234.2 811.6 577.4 507.2 1084.6 9.4071 26.0 243.6 817.6 574.0 516.6 1090.6 9.3511 27.0 253.0 823.3 570.3 526.0 1096.3 9.2922 28.0 262.2 828.8 566.6 535.2 1101.8 9.2308 29.0 271.5 834.1 562.7 544.5 1107.1 9.1672 30.0 280.6 839.3 558.6 553.6 1112.3 9.1016 Figure A.2: Example of the spreadsheet method for a protected beam. 154
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Fire Design of Steel Members K R Le
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ABSTRACT: The New Zealand Steel Cod
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TABLE OF CONTENTS: ABSTRACT:.......
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5.4 RESULTS FOR FOUR SIDED EXPOSURE
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LIST OF FIGURES: FIGURE 1.1: VARIAT
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FIGURE 5.11: TEMPERATURE CONTOUR LI
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designed with confidence. Full scal
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eams and struts when subjected to a
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Gilvery and Dexter, (1997), prepare
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with conditions specified to ensure
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1.6 BACKGROUND INFORMATION: 1.6.1 F
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experienced in fire situations, but
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The thermal conductivity is not imp
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[ The heated perimeter of the steel
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The advantages of board systems are
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The values for the thermal properti
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insulation has on the rise of the s
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( T − T ) k H p f s ∆t ∆T
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spreadsheet method very closely, wi
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protection, and for user defined fi
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This equation originates from the y
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1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 0.
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time. The value of the wall lining
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The Eurocode does not define a meth
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f f y y ( T ) (20) = 1.0 0 < T < 21
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temperature is chosen because it is
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The variation of yield stress data
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15 m -1 < H p /A < 275 m -1 in NZS
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= H p A (m -1 ) 7.85 The cons
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Connections: NZS 3404 requires that
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4 CALCULATION OF STEEL TEMPERATURES
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4.1.2 Analysis Between Methods of T
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Figure 4.2 shows the variation of t
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Minimum temperatures Maximum temper
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For all three sizes of beam, the sp
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Temperature ( o C) 1200 1000 800 60
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The ECCS equation has a time period
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4.3.1 Results from simulations with
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From Figure 4.5 a-c, the formula ra
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Temperature ( o C) 1000 800 600 400
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average temperature of the beam, be
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Temperature ( o C) 1400 1200 1000 8
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significantly decreased from a cool
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Since both programmes use the same
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Therefore, the ECCS equations provi
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5 CALCULATION OF STEEL TEMPERATURES
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calculations made by the spreadshee
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susceptible to heating, heat up mor
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Figure 5.3 a-c show the results fro
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7850*600*10500 > 2*775*1100*(1869*2
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As can be seen from Figure 5.4 a-c,
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310 UB 40.4 beam H p /A = 241 m -1
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The SAFIR results fit between the t
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constant specific heat being used i
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From Figure 5.7 a-c, it appears tha
Page 116 and 117: 800 Temperature ( o C) 600 400 200
Page 118 and 119: To examine the limits of the thickn
Page 122 and 123: Thermal conductivity, k i = 0.19 W/
Page 126 and 127: the slab except to reduce the secti
Page 128 and 129: Figure 5.14 shows the correlation b
Page 130 and 131: 5.8 CONCLUSIONS: The thermal behavi
Page 132 and 133: 6 COMPARISON OF METHODS USING OTHER
Page 134 and 135: Temperature ( o C) 1200 1000 800 60
Page 136 and 137: 6.2.4 Results for protected steel:
Page 138 and 139: Figures 6.2 b shows the comparison
Page 140 and 141: Figure 6.3 a shows that the average
Page 142 and 143: The fire that the test beams were e
Page 144 and 145: 7 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL IN EUROCODE 3
Page 146 and 147: For thermal analysis in Eurocode 3,
Page 148 and 149: To determine the performance of a s
Page 150 and 151: The plastic neutral axis is located
Page 152 and 153: It is therefore recommended that th
Page 154 and 155: These methods may be used to provid
Page 156: Eurocode has a large annex with gui
Page 159 and 160: 8.3 CHANGES TO NZS 3404: The follow
Page 161 and 162: H v height of the ventilation (m) I
Page 163 and 164: EC3, 1995. Eurocode 3: Design of St
Page 165 and 166: Temperature Conditions. National Re
Page 170 and 171: APPENDIX B - SAFIR: In Figure B.2 i
Page 172 and 173: *.str file developed by the pre pro
Page 174 and 175: 22 FISO 23 FISO FISO 24 FISO FISO 2
Page 176: APPENDIX C - FIRECALC Below in Figu
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