Disaster Risk Management For Coastal Tourism Destinations - DTIE

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Disaster Risk Management For Coastal Tourism Destinations Responding To Climate Change A Practical Guide For Decision Makers Moreover, in view of the chaos that typically manifests during a disaster (i.e. during the response phase), a disciplined process of decision making, communications and reporting is absolutely necessary for the timely exchange of accurate information, the maintenance of order and to carry out the requirements of the plan in the most Over the last decade, there has been a notable shift away from ‘command-andcontrol’ type of disaster management planning towards a more participatory and coordinated approach. This recognizes the effectiveness of collaboration, teamwork expertise and learning. “Islands and coastal zones are among the most vulnerable tourist destinations to climate change. The main observed and projected climatic changes in island destinations are an increased intensity and frequency of extreme events, sea level rise, changes in ocean circulation, and changes in natural ecosystems.” UNWTO, 2007 Although the spectrum of hazards faced by any destination is relatively broad (see Table 3.1), this Handbook focuses only on the relevant geologic and hydrometeorological hazards experienced at coastal tourism destinations, and which can be aggravated by climate changes. Table 3.1: The broad spectrum of natural and man-made hazards HAZARD GROUP Geologic Hydro- Meteorological Man-Made Technological HAZARDS Earthquakes Tsunamis Volcanic eruptions Tropical cyclones (including hurricanes and typhoons) Windstorms Storm Surges Drought Tornadoes Hazardous releases Transportation accident Financial issues, system collapse, etc. Communications systems interruptions Acts of terrorism: explosions, chemical, biological Insurrection Strike or labour dispute Criminal activity: theft, vandalism, arson, fraud, embezzlement Workplace violence Harassment, discrimination IT Systems failure, computers Ancillary support equipment Product defect or contamination 32 | Disaster Risk Management Frameworks And Approaches
Disaster Risk Management For Coastal Tourism Destinations Responding To Climate Change A Practical Guide For Decision Makers management frameworks that assist and enhance the national disaster management organization and capacity. 3.3 The UNISDR Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) The Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA), developed by the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) evolved from the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) during the 1990s. Although legally non-binding, 168 governments signed onto the Framework in January 2005 in Japan, spurred on by the devastation of the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. 3 collaborating organizations, the HFA goal is the substantial reduction of disaster losses in lives and to the social, economic and environmental assets of countries and communities. The HFA provides governments with, inter alia: A comprehensive, action-oriented response framework for mitigating the global effects of disasters on communities and national development. An implementation guide, Words into Action, with advice for more proactive approaches to managing disasters and developing resilient communities. A mechanism for learning through assembly of the latest research, data and studies on disaster management and risk reduction trends. Technical and organizational assistance for reducing disaster risks. The HFA is recognized in this Handbook as the appropriate over-arching disaster management and risk reduction framework recommended for national and local levels. Its implementation is the responsibility of governments and their disaster management agencies, which are expected to adapt the framework to their national and local contexts. The UNISDR also provides support and assistance to its member governments implementing the framework. 3.4 Regional Tourism Industry Approaches to Disaster Risk Management together to address disaster risks and protect their tourism economies. APEC formulated an authoritative guideline for managing crises and disasters in the regional tourism industry following the October 2002 terrorist bombing in Bali. The objective is to “provide government decision-makers and tourism industry members ”. A second management practices in their planning and development functions. 33
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The sustainability of coastal touri
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