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Harvests from forests, fisheries, and farm fields are the primary source of income for the rural poor worldwide. Yet the full potential of ecosystems as a wealth-creating asset for the poor has yet to be effectively tapped.
ECOSYSTEMS AND THE LIVELIHOODS OF THE POOR CHAPTER 2 ECOSYSTEMS PROVIDE THE FOUNDATION FOR ALL HUMAN survival, since they produce the food, air, soil, and other material supports for life. Everyone, rich and poor, urban and rural, depends on the goods and services that ecosystems provide. But the rural poor have a unique and special relationship with ecosystems that revolves around the importance of these natural systems to rural livelihoods. By livelihoods, we mean the whole complex of factors that allow families to sustain themselves materially, emotionally, spiritually, and socially. Central to this is income, whether in the form of cash, or in the form of natural products directly consumed for subsistence, such as fish, fuel, or building materials. As this chapter will show, the rural poor derive a significant fraction of their total income from ecosystem goods and services. We refer to such nature-based income as environmental income. Because of their dependence on environmental income, the poor are especially vulnerable to ecosystem degradation.
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BOX 4.4 PAYING THE POOR FOR ENVIRON
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Each situation faced by the rural p
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 The establishm
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 154 THE MILLEN
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 TABLE 4 SUGGES
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 Encouraging En
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 162 POVERTY RE
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 FRAMEWORK FOR
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 170 the need f
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Data Tables
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 WORLD RESOURCE
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 REGIONS Classi
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 LOW-, MIDDLE-,
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 For more infor
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 FREQUENCY OF U
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 DATA RELIABILI
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 The Human Pove
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 Net Fuel Impor
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 Total GHG Emis
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 collection of
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 International
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 Calorie Supply
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 228 Chapter 4
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 230 References
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 232 Institute,
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 234 ■ World
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 236 ■ Solesb
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 238 ■ Ostrom
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 240 ■ Carter
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 242 Watersheds
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 244 http://www
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 246 Index A Ac
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 248 employment
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 250 Household
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 252 integratio
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WORLD RESOURCES 2005 global relianc
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