CARGO BUSINESS 3-09.indd - ZSSK Cargo

spôsobu nakládky pre ľahký šrot dotýkajúce sa povinnosti prikrývať
ľahký kovový šrot aj v prípade ak je naložený vo vozni s ťažkým kovovým
šrotom. Nedodržanie predpisových ustanovení v tejto oblasti bolo
zdôvodňované tým, že vo vrchnej časti vozňa je naložený ťažký šrot
a preto sa nemusí prikryť. Vzhľadom na charakteristiku tovaru je dané
zdôvodnenie absolútne neprijateľné. (Príklad na zábere č. 1)
spôsobu nakládky ťažkého šrotu dotýkajúce sa povinnosti nakládky
ťažkého šrotu maximálne 10 cm pod horný okraj bočných stien a tiež
v strede vozňa. Šrot sa nakladal až po horný okraj bočných stien vozňa.
Samozrejme zakrytie sieťou – pletivom tu absentovalo so zdôvodnením,
že ide o ťažký šrot. V takomto prípade, aj keď bol naložený ťažký
šrot, mal byť náklad prikrytý.
týkajúcich sa prikrytia nákladu kovového šrotu. V tejto oblasti sa preukázali
závažné porušenia ustanovení týkajúcich sa určenia podmienok,
ktoré musí spĺňať materiál používaný na prikrytie. V predchádzajúcich
ustanoveniach sme ozrejmili požiadavky pevnostných parametrov
sietí v zmysle predpisov o nakladaní. Preukázalo sa, že vo veľkej miere
boli používané siete, ktoré nespĺňali pevnostné parametre. Zrejme pri
nákupe sietí bolo zo strany zákazníkov viac zohľadnené hľadisko ceny.
Už na pohľad u daných sietí bolo evidentné, že nespĺňajú požadované
parametre pevnosti. Potvrdilo sa staré známe pravidlo, že nižšej cene
spravidla zodpovedá nižšia kvalita výrobku, v tomto prípade pevnosti.
(3)
Ukážky niektorých použitých sietí, ktoré nespĺňajú stanovené požiadavky
na pevnosť, sú na záberoch č. 2, 3, 4 a 5.
V zmysle takto preukázaných závažných porušení predpisových ustanovení
z dôvodu trvalého nerešpektovania zásad Smerníc nakladania
UIC využilo ZSSK CARGO právo železničných podnikov na sprísnenie
platných prepravných podmienok. Z dôvodu obmedzenia rizika bezprostredného
ohrozenia bezpečnosti železničnej prevádzky a ohrozenia
zdravia pristúpilo ZSSK CARGO k povinnosti prikrývať všetky vozňové
zásielky kovového šrotu sieťami – pletivom v zmysle predpisových
ustanovení Smerníc nakladania UIC. V nasledujúcom čísle si podrobne
rozoberieme problematiku sietí.
Mgr. Kristína JÁNOŠOVÁ
sekcia prevádzky a prepravy
Scrap is one of the most transported commodities. As with any other
type of load transportations, also in this case, loading, distribution
and provision of security during the transportation process must
follow relevant regulation provisions.
Scrap are goods, which may be easily blown away from the wagon,
during its transportation. At the time of transportation, there is
stress in vertical, transverse and longitudinal direction, which causes
shaking of the load and makes bulk load increase its height. This
may result in pushing the lighter pieces of the load up to the surface
and consequently in increased risk of individual pieces of scrap to be
pulled out and blown away from the wagon.
However the idea that only light pieces of scrap can be blown away
is wrong. Specific character of scrap lies not only in its weight, i.e.
weight of individual pieces, but it depends largely on its shape and
dimensions. Heavier and larger pieces may also be blown away. These
pieces can be lifted and released by airflow.
These “undesirable” cases occur as a result of effect of strong air
turbulences in tunnels, in the open line when the freight train meets
the train going in the opposite direction, but also in the station.
And what are the consequences? They include unwanted loss of
weight of transported scrap, damage to rolling stock or other railway
equipments, damage to other goods, but also jeopardy to health and
lives of people - people working in the rail services, people travelling
on the passenger trains, people waiting at the stops, people waiting at
the crossings...
The price of human health or life cannot be evaluated. Unfortunately,
we all have been witnessing the growing number in cases of imminent
threat to human health recently. The seriousness of the situation in
the area of scrap transportation has become the centre of interest of
administrative authorities in some countries, and in case of Italy also
of the police.
Why do we talk about problems within transportations of metal
scrap? In the beginning we stated that transportations were subject
to relevant regulation provisions. Certainly, transportation rules are
contained in UIC Directives of Loading. They are constantly updated
under the impression of impacts of external and internal environment
and based on knowledge obtained from the inspections of
transportations. It is the knowledge resulting from inspections, which
has revealed violations of relevant regulation provisions. For a more
effective contribution of discovered drawbacks, a brief excursion of
basic regulation rules on these transportations is desirable.
UIC Directives of Loading solve the issues of scrap transportation in
two basic categories - light scrap and heavy scrap. The rules of light
scarp transportations specify, within the loading, the obligation of
even distribution of scrap up to the height of side walls of the wagon.
Scrap must be evenly distributed on the entire loading area of the
wagon, which also means in the middle of the wagon.
With regard to the issues mentioned above, in particular the issues
of pulling out – dropping out of scrap during the train journey, in
accordance with regulation provisions in the field of safety, its
covering is mandatory. As a cover material, the wire cloth (plain wire
cloth for poultry) with a maximum mesh size of 100 mm and or a net
of plastic material is prescribed. A net of plastic material should be of
the following parameters - the maximum mesh size 30 mm, strength
parameters in the longitudinal direction 39 daN minimum and
transverse direction of minimum 48 daN.
The net is attached to the wagon by non-metal binding means
(strength at break 50 daN) on the side walls at a distance of 2 m
and on the front side by at least two bindings. For wagons, which are
equipped with hooks, the net can also be attached by hanging onto
the wagon hooks in a stretched manner. These provisions also apply to
cases of mixed scrap loading.
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