IPDE - Extranet Systems - World Health Organization

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15 Review of diagnostic instruments avoidance has four subscales: anticipatory wony vs uninhibited optimism (10 items), fear of uncertainty vs confidence (7 items), shyness with smgers vs gregariousness (7 items), and fatigability and asthenia vs vigor (10 items). Reward dependence has four subscales: sentimentality vs insensitiveness (5 items), persistence vs irresoluteness (9 items), attachment vs detachment (11 items) and dependence vs independence (5 items). Temperament and Character inventory (TUJ As might have been anticipated, Cloninger discovered that certain temperament types occurred more frequently with some PDs. However, contrary to his original expectation, individuals with extreme temperament profiles on the TPQ did not necessarily have PDs; indeed some were well adapted normals. Consequently, Cloninger subsequently invoked the additional mle of 'character' traits. According to his revised theoryB temperament, which now includes a fourth dimension, persistence, determines the type of PD, but character determines whether there will be a PD. The 226-item me-false TCI, enlarges the scope of the TPQ to measure the acquired self-concept character traits of self-directedness, cooperatives, and self-transcendence. Preliminary dad0 suggest that each type of PD in DSM-III-R is associated with a unique profile of scores on the TCI. Although the test has been promoted as an efficient guide to diagnosis and treatment, information is not yet available regarding the sensitivity and specificity of the TCI in identifying the individual DSM-III-R personality disorders, when they are diagnosed by clinicians using semistuctured interviews. References 1 Zimmeman, M. Diagnosing personality disorders: a review of issues and methods. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1994; 51: 22545. 2 Loranger, A.W. Are current self-report and interview measures adequate for epidemiological studies of personality disorders? Jouml of Personality Disorders, 1992;6: 313-25. 3 Gunderson, J.G. & Kolb, J.E. The Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines. Americun JoumlofPsychiarry, 1981; 138: 896. 4 Zanarini, M.C., Gunderson. J.G., Frankenburg, F.R. & Chauncey. D.L. The revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines: Dixriminating BPD horn other Axis I1 disorders. Jouml of Personolily Disorders, 1989; 3: 10. 5 Pfohl, B.. Blum, N., Zimmerman, M. & Stangl, D. Structured Interview for
16 A. W. Loranger DSM-III-R Personality SIDP-R, draft edition. Iowa City, Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa. April 27, 1989. 6 Zimmerman, M,, Pfohl, B., Coryell, W. et al. Diagnosing personality disorder in depressed patients. A comparison of patient and informant interviews. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1988; 45: 733. 7 Stangl, D., Pfohl, B., Zimmerman, M. er al. A svuctured interview for the DSM- I11 personality disorders: A preliminary report. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1985; 42: 591. 8 Spitzer, R.L.. Williams, J.B.W., Gibbon, M. & First, M. User's Guide for the Structured Clinical Intewiew for DSM-III-R. Washington. DC: American Psychiatric Association Press. 1990. 9 Tyrer. P. Personality Disorders: Diagnosis, Management and Course. Boston: Wright, 1988. 10 Tyrer. P,. Strauss, 1. & Cicchetti, D. Temporal reliability of personality in psychiatricpatients. PsychologicalMedicine, 1983: 13: 393. I I Tyrer, P., Cicchetti, D.V., Casey, P.R. er al. Cmss-national reliability study of a schedule for assessing personality disorders. Journal of Newous and Mental Disease, 1984,172: 718. l2 Pilgrim, I. & Mann, A. Use of the ICD-l0 version of the Standardized Assessment of Personality to determine the prevalence of personality disorder in psychiatric patients. Psychological Medicine, 1990; 20: 985-91. 13 Millon T. Manual for the MCMI-11. 2nd edn. Minneapolis: National Computer <strong>Systems</strong>, 1987. 14 Widiger, T.A.. Williams. J.B.W., Spitzer, R.L. & Frances, A. The MCMI as a measure of DSM-111. Journal of Personality Assessment, 1985; 49: 366. 15 Widiger, T.A., Williams, J.B.W.. Spitzer, R.L. & Frances, A. The MCMI and DSM-111: A brief rejoinder to Millon. Journal of Personality Assessment, 1986; 50: 198. 16 Widiger, T.A. & Sanderson, C. The convergent and discriminant validity of the MCMl as a measure of the DSM-111 personality disorders. Journal of Personality Assessment, 1987; 51: 228. 17 Millon, T. The MCMI provides a good assessment of DSM-III disorders: The MCMI-I1 will prove even better. Journal ofPersonaliiy Assessment, 1985; 49: 379. 18 Millon, T. The MCMI and DSM-111: Further commentaries. Journal of Personality Assessment, 1986; 50: 205. 19 Reich, J.H., Noyes, R. & Tmughton, E. Comparison of three DSM-I11 personality disorder instruments. In Conference on the Millon Clinical lnvenlories (MCMI, MBHI, MAPI). Minneapolis: National Computer <strong>Systems</strong>, 1987. 20 Wetzler. S. & Dubro. A. Diagnosis of personality disorders by the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory. Journal of Newous and Mental Direose, 1990, 178: 261. 21 Piersma. H.L. The MCMI as a measure of DSM-I11 Axis 11 diagnoses: An empirical comparison. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1987; 43: 479.
Page 2 and 3: Until recently, the standardization
Page 4 and 5: Assessment and diagnosis of persona
Page 6 and 7: Contents Contributors Preface Annan
Page 8 and 9: Contributors Dr Antonio Andreoli Ho
Page 10 and 11: Preface One of the major goals of t
Page 12 and 13: ... Xlll Acknowledgements The IPDE
Page 14 and 15: Problems in the field of personalit
Page 16 and 17: 5 Problems in the field of PD perso
Page 18 and 19: 7 Problems in the field of PD In DS
Page 20 and 21: 9 Problems in the field of PD cultu
Page 22 and 23: 11 Review of diagnostic instruments
Page 30 and 31: 19 Epidemiology of DSM-Ill PDs in c
Page 32 and 33: Table l. Prevalence rates of specif
Page 35 and 36: 24 1. H. Reich and G. de Girolamo (
Page 37 and 38: 26 .- 5 2 0 W C .- 0 P g F ? g e Q
Page 39 and 40: 28 J. H. Reich and G. de Girolarno
Page 41 and 42: Table 3. Prevalence rates ofpersona
Page 44 and 45: Pfohl etal.. l986 (67) Pilgrim & Ma
Page 46 and 47: 35 Epidemiology of DSM-Ill PDs were
Page 48 and 49: 37 Epidemiology of DSM-Ill PDs migh
Page 50 and 51: 39 Epidemiology of DSM-Ill PDs 23 R
Page 52 and 53: 4 1 Epidemiology of DSM-Ill PDs 55
Page 54 and 55: 43 International personality disord
Page 56 and 57: I 45 IPDE iner what he is actually
Page 58 and 59: 47 IPDE Sample of IPDE item The que
Page 60 and 61: 49 IPDE dimensional scores are not
Page 62 and 63: 1 9 IPDE considerable training and
Page 64 and 65: 53 Experiences with IPDE The invest
Page 66 and 67: 55 Experiences with IPDE passive ag
Page 68 and 69: 57 Field Trial
Page 70 and 71: 59 Sampling, inte~iewers, interview
Page 72 and 73: Description of centres participatin
Page 74 and 75: 63 Centres participating in IPDE fi
Page 76 and 77:
65 Centres participating in IPDE fi
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
P- P Table 1. Sample sizes and IPDE
Page 84 and 85:
73 Results Table 3. ICD-I0 Disorder
Page 86 and 87:
75 Results Table 5. Frequency of CO
Page 88 and 89:
77 Results Table 8. Interrater reli
Page 90 and 91:
Discussion and conclusions Armand W
Page 92 and 93:
8 1 Discussion and Conclusions stab
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83 Discussion and Conclusions Repet
Page 96 and 97:
Discussion and Conclusions of princ
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87 Discussion and Conclusions Frequ
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89 Discussion and Conclusions emoti
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9 1 Discussion and Conclusions inte
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93 Appendix Table A2 Persomlity dis
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95 Appendix Table A4 Personality di
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97 Appendix Table A6 Personaliry di
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99 Appendix Table SA Personaliry di
Page 112 and 113:
Table A10 Personality disorder diag
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103 Appendix Table A12 Personality
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Table A13 (con?) Criterion B7 B8 1
Page 118 and 119:
107 Appendix Table A13 (cont) Frequ
Page 120 and 121:
109 Appendix Table A14 (cont.) Freq
Page 122 and 123:
Acknowledgements 113 Manual History
Page 124 and 125:
Manual History of the IPDE One of t
Page 126 and 127:
116 Manual Struchlre of the IPDE Th
Page 128 and 129:
118 Manual that is likely to enhanc
Page 130 and 131:
120 Manual data. If examiners have
Page 132 and 133:
122 Manual Scoring conventions Much
Page 134 and 135:
124 Manual Recording the scores Req
Page 136 and 137:
126 Manual Q. What do you do when s
Page 138 and 139:
128 Manual section, if there are qu
Page 140 and 141:
ICD-10 criteria and corresponding I
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132 ICD-10 criteria and correspondi
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134 IPDE ICD-10 module screening qu
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136 Screening questionnaire 47 1 lo
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I 138 IPDE ICD-10 module* interview
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140 Interview schedule 2. 0 1 2 7 0
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142 Inte~iew schedule 4. O 1 2 I N
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144 Interview schedule 6. O l Z ? 0
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146 Interview schedule 8. 0 1 2 1 0
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148 Interview schedule .10. 0 1 2 ?
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150 Interview schedule 12. 0 1 2 7
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152 lnte~iew schedule 14. 0 1 2 ? 0
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154 Interview schedule 16. 0 1 2 ?
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156 interview schedule 18. 0 1 2 ?
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158 Interview schedule 20. O 1 2 N
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164 Interview schedule *26. 0 1 2 ?
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166 lntewiew schedule 28. 0 1 2 ? 0
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170 lnte~iew schedule 32. O 1 2 7 N
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Page 184 and 185:
174 lntewiew schedule 36. 0 1 2 ? 0
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176 lnterv~ew schedule 38. 0 1 2 ?
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184 lnte~iew schedule 46. 0 1 2 7 0
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~ 186 Interview schedule 48. 0 1 2
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Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
194 Interview schedule 56. 0 1 2 1
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196 Interview schedule VI. IMPULSE
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Page 210 and 211:
200 Interview schedule Have you eve
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202 Interview schedule 1 63. 0 1 2
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204 Intewiew schedule Rate the foll
Page 216 and 217:
206 IPDE ICD-10 module handscoring
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+ 39+44=4, 208 Handscoring algorith
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210 Handscoring algorithms and summ
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
IPDE ICD-10 module summary scoreshe
Page 234 and 235:
224 Index paranoid 108 schizoid 108
Page 236 and 237:
226 Index Personalily Assessment Sc
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