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Comp. strength in Mpa Compressive strength in MPa Effect of Alkaline Activator on Workability and Compressive … Figure 6 (Ref. Table 5) ( Molarity 2M) Comp. Strength in Mpa 30 25 Figure 7 ( Ref. Table 5) ( Molarity 3M) 25 20 20 15 10 10 % RHA 20 % RHA 30 % RHA 15 10 10% RHA 20% RHA 30% RHA 5 5 0 3 7 14 0 3 7 14 Curing duration in days Curing duration in days Figure 8 (Ref. Table5) (Molarity 4M) 25 20 15 10 10 %RHA 20 % RHA 30% RHA 5 0 3 7 14 Curing duration in days Discussion: 1) For 10 % RHA without NaOH comp. strength same as control mix with duration 7 &14 day. 2) At 14 days It is equal to reference concrete. reason may be due to RHA acts as a filler material or slow pozolanic reaction takes place with reactive silica. 3) For 10,20 % RHA,3,7,14 days comp. strength decreases with Increase in NaOH concentration, reason may be due to leaching or excess water. 4) But for 20 % RHA ,3 days comp. strength increases at 1M NaOH concentration, reason may be due to pozolanic reaction with reactive silica. 5) For 30 % RHA 3,7,14 days comp. Strength increases with increase in NaOH concentration and it is higher than reference concrete, reason may be due to pozolanic reaction takes place with reactive silica. Conclusion: It shows even by replacing 30 % cement by Rice Husk Ash, required compressive strength can be achieved by using alkaline activator (NaoH ). And thus Rice husk cement concrete of required grade for particular purpose may be prepared along with some performance test. REFERENCES: [1.] Dr.S.K.Sekar, V Ramasamy & S.Ganesh,“ Effect of Rice Husk Ash Mechanical properties of High Performance Concrete ”. Proceedings of the National Conference on Concrete Technology for the Future, NCCTF-2006, Kongu Engg.Collage,Erode, Tamilnadu pp. 1 – 10 [2.] Dr.J.V.Ramasamy, K.R.Palasamy & P.R.Nagrajan “Rheological and Strength Characaristics of Concrete with Rice Husk Ash”. Proceedings of the National Conference on Concrete Technology for the Future, NCCTF-2006, Kongu Engg.Collage,Erode, Tamilnadu pp. 91-97 [3.] Salim Ahmed Barbhuiya, Pichai Nimityongskul and Junlatep Chitasombuti “Use of Classified rice husk ash for high strength concrete”. The Indian Concrete Journal, May 2006, pp. 11- 16 [4.] Mehata P.K. “Properties of Blended Cement made from Rice Husk ash” ACI Journal, Sept 1977, pp. 440-442 [5.] M. Temimi & R. Jauberthie “Rice Husk ash as filler in the concrete”. Indian concrete Journal, May – 1998, Volume 72, pp. 241-244 [6.] Agus S. Muntohar & Basha Roslan Hashim “Effect of Rice Husk as on Plasticity and Compaction ” Dept. of Civil Engineering, Muhammadiyah University, Indonesia & Malya university, Malaysia. [7.] Ms. Nazia Pathan “Use of Rice Husk Ash in making High Performance concrete” National Seminar on concrete structure.7 th & 8 th Feb.2003. Dept. of Civil Engineering, KITS, Ramtek (MH) [8.] Dr.M.V.S.Rao & Dr.K.M Rao“High Fly ash concrete with Rice husk ash as an Admixture”. IE (I) Journal-CV, Vol.80, August 1999, pp. 57-63 [9.] Seshagiri Rao M.V. & Rama Rao G.V. “High Performance Rice Husk Fiber reinforced concrete with chicken mesh”. Proceedings of the INCONTEST 2003 at Kumar guru College of Technology, Coimbatore, 10-12 September 2003, pp. 280-293 [10.] M.B.Dhockchaule, S.S.Choudhari & Ghumare S M “Behavior of Concrete with Rice Husk Ash”. Proceedings of the National Conference on Concrete Technology for the Future, NCCTF-2006, Kongu Engg.Collage,Erode, Tamilnadu pp. 98 - 108 [11.] Astrom Mariya “Rice Husk ash as an additive in concrete reinforced with natural fibers ” Civil engineering Dept. 23 rd July 1999 www.<strong>ijcer</strong>online.com ||May ||2013|| Page 19
Effect of Alkaline Activator on Workability and Compressive … [12.] Marceline A.D “ Strength and durability of rice husk ash –modified concrete in the marine environment ”Florida Atlantic University, Aug.2006.. [13.] Mauro M.T.,Carlos A. R. da Silva, Jorge L. Akasaki. “The Possibility of Adding Rice Husk Ash to the Concrete” Civil Enggineering Department, FIES, Brazil pp.1-9 [14.] Mehata P.K. “Rice Husk ash cement, High quality- Acid resisting” ACI Journal May 1975. [15.] Bronzeoak.L.K. “ Rice Husk Ash Market Study” UK Company, Expt. No-129, Published 2003 [16.] V.Pandey, C .R. Sharma, Krishna Murari and J.P. Singh, “Behaviour of Fly ash Mixed Concrete –A case Study”. Proceedings of the NCAMMCS, 05 at I.I.T. Madras, 12-13 August 2005 ,pp 169-175. [17.] N.P.Rajamene and D. Sabitha, “ Effect of Fly ash and Silica fume on Alkalinity of Cement Mortars”. The Indian Concrete Journal,March 2005,pp.43-48. [18.] A.Palomo and A.Fernandez- Jiinenez, “Alkaline Activation of FLY Ashes.Manufacture of Concrete Not Containing Portland Cement”Conference in Institute Eduardo Torroja (CSIC),Madrid, Spain, 1999,pp.1-8. [19.] V.F.Barbosa , K.J.Mackenzie, & C.Thaumaturgo, “ Synthesis and Characterisation of Materials Based on Inorganic Polymers of Alumina and Silica: Sodium Polysialate Polymers”, International Journal of Inorganic Materials, Vol.2 no.4,2000,pp.309- 317. [20.] Djwantoro Hardjito, Steenie E. Wallah, D.M.J. Sumjouw and B.VRangan, “Geopolymer Concrete: Turn Waste into Envirnmentally Friendly Concrete”,in International Conference on Recent Trends in Concrete Technology and Structures (incontest), 2003, Coimbatore, 10-12 September 2003, India, pp. 129-140. [21.] Djwantoro Hardjito, Steenie E. Wallah, D.M.J. Sumjouw and B.V.Rangan, “ Properties of Geopolymer Concrete with Fly Ash as Source Material: Effect of Mixture Composition ,” Seventh CANMET/ACI international Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology, Las Vegas, USA 26-29 May ,2004 www.geopolymer.org/. [22.] Djwantoro Hardjito, Steenie E. Wallah, D.M.J. Sumjouw and B.V Rangan, “ Fly ash Based Geopolymer Concrete, Construction Material for Sustainable Development”, Invited paper. Concrete World:Engineering and Materials . American Concrete Institute, Institute, India Chapter, Mumbai. India 9-12 December 2004, pp. 11-24. [23.] Djwantoro Hardjito, Steenie E. Wallah, D.M.J. Sumjouw and B.V.Rrangan, “on the deveiopment of FLY Ash- Based Geopolymer Concrete”.ACI Materials Journal, November- December 2004, pp. 462-472. [24.] N.P.Rajamane, D.Sabitha, and P.K.Shijna, “Feasibility of Achiving 40 Mpa Strength in 4o Hours in Mortars(Without Portland Cement)”, CE & CR Journal ,April 2005, pp.36-43 [25.] S .V.Patankar and S.S. Jamkar, “Fly ash Concrete Actvated by Alkaline Actvators”,Proceedings of the NCAMMCS- 05 AT I.I.T. Madras, 12-13 August 2005, pp.64-70. [26.] Zhang Yunsheng and Sun Wei “Fly ash Based Geopolymer Concrete “,The Indian Concrete Journal, January 2006, pp. 20-24. [27.] IS: 1727, “Methods of test for pozzolanic materials”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1967. [28.] A.M. Nevelle, “Properties of Concrete”, Published by English Language Book Society, Longman. [29.] M.S. Shetty, “Concrete Technology, Theory and practice”, Published by S. Chand & Co., New Delhi. [30.] IS: 516 “Methods of test for Strength of Concrete”, Indian Standards Institution, Manak Bhavan, New Delhi, December 1959 [31.] IS: 2386(Part III) “Methods of test for Aggregates for Concrete”, Indian Standards Institution, Manak Bhavan, New Delhi, October 1963 [32.] Kulkarni P.D and Mittal L.N “Laboratory Manual for Concrete Technology” Technical Teacher’s Training Institute, Chandigarh, Second Edition 1985. [33.] Information book, Ambuja Technical Literature Series -2, Portland Pozzolana Cement, Physical and Chemical Properties, Published- Gujarat Ambuja Cement Ltd.Technical Services Division, January 2004. [34.] I.S. 383, “Specifications for Coarse and Fine Aggregates from Natural Sources for Concrete”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1970. [35.] I.S. 456, Indian Standard “Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete,” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 2000. [36.] I.S. 10262, Indian Standard Recommended Guidelines for Concrete Mix Design” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 1982 www.<strong>ijcer</strong>online.com ||May ||2013|| Page 20
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